Notes in Leukaemia

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Published	10/08/2024	• ALL peaks aged {{c1::2 - 3}} years • AML peaks aged {{c1::under 2}} years
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::Radiation exposure}} is the main environmental risk factor for leukaemia.
Published	10/08/2024	There are several conditions that predispose to a higher risk of developing leukaemia: • {{c1::Down’s}} syndrome • {{c1::Kleinfelter}} syndrome&nb…
Published	10/08/2024	Treatment of leukaemia will be coordinated by a paediatric oncology multi-disciplinary team.Leukaemia is primarily treated with {{c1::chemotherapy}…
Published	10/08/2024	The overall cure rate for ALL is around {{c1::80}}%, but prognosis depends on individual factors. The outcomes are less positive for AML.&nbsp…
Published	10/08/2024	Leukaemia is the name for cancer of a particular line of the stem cells in the bone marrow.This causes {{c1::unregulated}} production of certain …
Published	10/08/2024	The types of leukaemia that affect children from most to least common are:• {{c1::ALL}} is the most common in children• {{c1::AML }} is the …
Published	10/08/2024	Pathophysiology of Leukaemia  A genetic mutation leads to excessive production of a single type of abnormal white blood cell.The excess…
Published	10/08/2024	The presentation of leukaemia is typically non-specific. Symptoms can include:B-symptoms: {{c1::fatigue}}, failure to thrive, {{c1::Weight l…
Published	10/08/2024	When leukaemia is suspected based on the non-specific signs and symptoms above, a very urgent {{c1::FBC}} within {{c1::48}} hours …
Published	10/08/2024	Complications of Chemotherapy for Leukaemia in children• Failure to treat the leukaemia• {{c1::Stunted}} growth and development • {{c1:…
Published	10/08/2024	Investigations to establish the diagnosis of leukaemia:Bloods/Bedside:{{c1::FBC: anaemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia}}{{c1::Blood film: WBC bla…
Published	10/08/2024	ALL chemotherapy regiment consists of (5): {{c1::cyclophosphamide, doxurubicin, methotrexate, vincristine and a cortiosteroid}}
Published	10/08/2024	AML chemotherapy regimen consists of (2): {{c1::danorubicin, methotrexate}}
Published	10/08/2024	{{c1::All trans retinoic acid}} needs to be given in a patient with APL
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