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Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Reactive arthritis}}, a seronegative spondyloarthropathy, is a reaction to either a {{c2::gastrointestinal}} or {{c2::genitourinary}} infection…
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Heberden nodes}} on the distal interphalangeal joints of fingers are a manifestation of osteoarthritis, which is characterized by the destructio…
Published	11/07/2024	The {{c1::serratus posterior inferior}} muscle originates from T11 to L2 and inserts on ribs nine through 12. A rotation injury to this muscle can c…
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Standing radiographs}} with measurement of the Cobb angle is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of scoliosis; an angle greater than 10 degrees i…
Published	11/07/2024	Activating fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) receptor inhibits {{c1::chondrocyte proliferation}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Impaired {{c1::fibroblast}} proliferation is associated with myelofibrosis, collagen disorders, and defective wound healing.
Published	11/07/2024	Defective production of growth hormone by {{c2::somatotropic}} cells would lead to {{c1::short stature with normal proportions}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Impaired osteoclast activity leads to {{c1::osteopetrosis}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Impaired {{c1::osteoblast::osteoclasts/osteoblasts}} proliferation is not associated with any major congenital disorders.
Published	11/07/2024	Mineralization of cartilaginous growth plates is defective in {{c1::rickets}} and may show signs like bow legs, beadlike costochondral junctions (rach…
Published	11/07/2024	Excessive resorption of cartilage via osteoclasts characterizes the first stage of {{c1::Paget}} disease of bone. {{c1::Paget}} disease can present wi…
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Ankylosing spondylitis (AS)}} is a type of arthritis that presents in young men with lower back pain and stiffness, due to {{c2::vertebral fusio…
Published	11/07/2024	As many as 90% of patients with {{c1::ankylosing spondylitis (AS)}} in the United States are positive for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B27.…
Published	11/07/2024	Diagnosis: {{c1::Ankylosing spondylitis (AS)}}
Published	11/07/2024	Dynein arms are {{c1::pairs of linked heavy chains linked together in tubular arrangements}}. They slide against one another to create a whipping moti…
Published	11/07/2024	For testing purposes, {{c1::Pemphigoid (hemidesmosome defect)::Pemphigus/Pemphigoid?}} does NOT affect oral mucosa.
Published	11/07/2024	Calluses of the skin form from thickened {{c1::stratum corneum::epidermis layer}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Keratinocytes are found in the {{c1::stratum basale::epidermis layer}}
Published	11/07/2024	Pacinian corpuscles are sensory receptors responsible for transducing {{c3::the sensation of (MOST) vibration, pressure, and tension}}.Meissner corpus…
Published	11/07/2024	Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder resulting from a {{c1::FBN1}} gene mutation. This mutation leads to a defect in {{c1::fibrillin…
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Published	11/07/2024	The {{c1::lateral::brachial plexus cord}} cord contributes to the musculocutaneous and median nerves. Injury would cause weakness of elbow flexio…
Published	11/07/2024	Anterior shoulder dislocation may lead to {{c1::axillary}} nerve injury due to its close proximity to the joint.
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Malignant hyperthermia}} is a condition characterized by hyperthermia and severe muscle rigidity after receiving inhaled anesthetics or succiny…
Published	11/07/2024	Ulnar nerve supplies all intrinsic muscles of the hand except the LOAF muscles.L{{c1::ateral two lumbricals}}O{{c1::pponens pollicis}}A{{c1::bduc…
Published	11/07/2024	The aDductor pollicis is innervated by the {{c1::ulnar}} nerve.
Published	11/07/2024	Heberden nodes are characteristically seen in the context of {{c1::osteoarthritis}}.
Published	11/07/2024	The {{c1::posterior interosseous nerve}} is a motor nerve that branches off from the radial nerve in close proximity to the radial head, which makes i…
Published	11/07/2024	Merkel cells sense {{c1::deep static touch (shapes/edges)}}. Primarily found in stratum basale of richly innervated areas of connective tissue, such a…
Published	11/07/2024	Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for hydroxylation of proline (P) and lysine (K) amino acids within the collagen α-chain. This allows hydrogen b…
Published	11/07/2024	What imaging is most appropriate for producing clear images of a blood clot in the left atrium? Especially if the patient has obesity and COPD.{{c1::T…
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Published	11/07/2024	Bowels twisting on their mesentery is known as {{c1::volvusus}}.Bowels twisting on themselves is known as {{c1::torsion}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Lateral transection of the rectus abdominis below the arcuate line risks damage to the {{c1::inferior epigastric artery}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Reverse Phalen's Test causes carpal tunnel symptoms {{c1::faster::slower/faster}} than Phalen's Test.
Published	11/07/2024	In phenotypical males, the inguinal canal contains the {{c1::spermatic cord and ilioinguinal nerve}}
Published	11/07/2024	The {{c2::PCL::ligament}} is responsible for preventing {{c1::hyperflexion::hyperextension/hyperflexion?}} of the knee.
Published	11/07/2024	Sensation of the little toe and majority of the lateral foot is from which nerve root?{{c1::S1}}.
Published	11/07/2024	S1 nerve radiculopathy is associated with decreased sensation of the {{c1::posterior leg and lateral foot::2 areas}}, diminished {{c1::ankle-jerk}} …
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Published	11/07/2024	Osteoblasts have {{c1::one nucleus::one/multiple nuclei?}}.Osteoclasts have {{c1::multiple nuclei::one/multiple?}}.
Published	11/07/2024	If the question stem mentions a "step-off," always consider {{c1::Spondylolisthesis}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Free points: If question mentions radiculopathy (shooting pain down a leg), answer is almost always {{c1::disc herniation}}.
Published	11/07/2024	"Pseudofracture" think {{c1::Vitamin D deficiency or osteomalacia}}.
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