Notes in a. Nuclear Receptors

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Published	07/28/2024	Ligands for nuclear receptors are small {{c1::hydrophobic}} molecules
Published	07/28/2024	Growth factors require {{c1::membrane tyrosine kinase}} receptors
Published	07/28/2024	neurotransmitters require {{c1::membrane}} receptors
Published	07/28/2024	peptide hormones require {{c1::membrane}} receptors
Published	07/28/2024	steroid hormones require {{c1::nuclear}} receptors because they are hydrophobic and can bypass the phospholipid membrane
Published	07/28/2024	thyroid hormones require {{c1::nuclear}} receptors
Published	07/28/2024	Vitamin D3 require {{c1::nuclear::location in cell}} receptors
Published	07/28/2024	Retinoic acid require {{c1::nuclear}} receptors
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Published	07/28/2024	Steroid hormones are synthesized from {{c1::cholesterol}}
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Published	07/28/2024	Inactive glucocorticoid receptors are present in the {{c1::cytoplasm}} and complexed with {{c2::heat shock proteins}}
Published	07/28/2024	Hormone binding to steroid hormone receptors (non estrogen) initiates dissociation of {{c1::heat shock proteins}} and receptor {{c2::dimeriz…
Published	07/28/2024	Steroid hormone receptors bind to {{c1::palindromic}} DNA sequences called {{c2::hormone response elements}}
Published	07/28/2024	Explain what a secondary (delayed) response to a steroid hormone is?
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Published	07/28/2024	{{c1::Steroids}} elicit transactivation by binding of Steroid Receptor homodimers to specific SREs as well as transrepression by SR interactions with …
Published	07/28/2024	When glucocorticoid receptor are bound by selective {{c1::Non-steroidals}} they prefer the transrepression pathway.They modulate monomeric GR effects …
Published	07/28/2024	Estrogen receptors are usually present in the {{c1::nucleus}} whereas glucocorticoid receptors are usually present and bound to ligand in the {{c…
Published	07/28/2024	RU486 (Mifepristone) is a {{c1::PR}} and {{c2::GR}} antagonist which terminates pregnancy
Published	07/28/2024	SERMs stands for {{c1::selective estrogen receptor modulators}} and are used to treat breast cancer
Published	07/28/2024	Tamoxifen and Raloxifene are {{c1::ER}} antagonists at the breast
Published	07/28/2024	Explain how some estrogen induced events in benign and malignant cells occur seconds to minutes after hormone administration.
Published	07/28/2024	RAR are non-steroid hormone nuclear receptors for {{c1::retinoic acid (Vit A)}}
Published	07/28/2024	THR are non-steroid hormone nuclear receptors for {{c1::Thyroid hormones}}
Published	07/28/2024	VDR are non-steroid hormone nuclear receptors for {{c1::vitamin D}}
Published	07/28/2024	PPARs are non-steroid hormone nuclear receptors for {{c1::Peroxisome proliferators}}
Published	07/28/2024	Non-steroid hormone nuclear receptor proteins have DNA sequences that recognize {{c1::direct repeats}} DNA sequences
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Published	07/28/2024	Ligand binding to a receptor homodimer/heterodimer for non-steroid hormones results in?
Published	07/28/2024	In non-steroid hormone nuclear targeting, coactivators serve as
Published	07/28/2024	In non-steroid hormone nuclear targeting, corepressors serve as?
Published	07/28/2024	Ligands including toxins, thiazolidinediones, hypolipidemic drugs, and fatty acids can be categorized as {{c1::peroxisome proliferators}}
Published	07/28/2024	TZD (thiazolidinediones) was developed as a treatment for {{c1::type 2 diabetes}} and works by activating {{c2::PPAR(gamma)}} which increase…
Published	07/28/2024	What are the inherited nuclear receptor disorders and other clinically relevant disorders for hormones and their receptors?
Published	07/28/2024	Nuclear receptors have a {{c1::variable region}}, {{c1::DNA}}-binding domain, and {{c1::ligand}}-binding domain
Published	07/28/2024	DNA binding part of glucocorticoid receptor has Zinc atoms that coordinate with {{c1::cysteine}} residues to form zinc fingers that promote protein-pr…
Published	07/28/2024	How many domains does the glucocorticoid receptor have and what are they? What does one of the domains have that stabilizes its interactions and dimer…
Published	07/28/2024	Side effects of SERMs include endometrial cancer from partial {{c1::agonist}} activity of tamoxifen
Published	07/28/2024	Estrogen also exhibits GPCR activation via {{c1::GPR30}} to activate {{c1::growth factor}} receptors and protein {{c1::kinase}} via non genomic signal…
Published	07/28/2024	Non steroid hormone receptors are unlike steroid hormone receptors in that they can form both {{c1::homo and hetero}}dimers which always include {{c1:…
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