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Published 07/30/2024 QC1. Fluid exiting from the arteriole end2. Fluid reentering at the venule end{{c1::1 > 2}}
Published 07/30/2024 The {{c1::lymphatic vessels}} function to collect excess tissue fluid from the loose connective (areolar) tissue and return it to the bloodstream
Published 07/30/2024 One tissue fluid enters the lymphatic vessels, it is called{{c1::Lymph}}
Published 07/30/2024 The lymphatic system returns {{c1::fluid}} and {{c1::blood proteins}} to circulating blood
Published 07/30/2024 T/FLymphatic vessels form a one-way system{{c1::T}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymph ultimately flows toward the {{c1::heart}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymphatic vessels from smallest to largest{{c1::1. Lymphatic capillaries2. Collecting lymphatic vessels2a. Lymph nodes3. Lymph trunks4. Lymph ducts}}
Published 07/30/2024 Most permeable lymphatic vessel type{{c1::Lymphatic capillaries}}
Published 07/30/2024 What forms the minivalves of the lymphatic capillaries{{c1::1. Overlap of the edges of adhacent cells2. Collagen filaments anchoring the endothelial c…
Published 07/30/2024 T/FThe lymphatic capillaries are permeable to bacteria, viruses and cancer cells{{c1::T}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymphatic capillaries occur almost everywhere except:{{c1::1. Cartilage and Bone2. Internal ear3. Epidermis4. Entire CNS}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lacteals are found where{{c1::Villi of the small intentinal mucosa}}
Published 07/30/2024 Set of lymphatic capillaries that absorbed digested fat from the intestine{{c1::Lacteal}}
Published 07/30/2024 TCollecting lymphatic vessels DO NOT accompany blood vessels{{c1::F}}
Published 07/30/2024 {{c1::Superficial collecting lymphatic vessels::CLV}} accompany {{c2::superficial veins::BV}}
Published 07/30/2024 {{c1::Deep collecting lymphatic vessels::CLV}} accompany {{c2::deep arteries::BV}}
Published 07/30/2024 Tunics of the lymphatic vessels (except lymphatic capillaries){{c1::1. Tunica intima2. Tunica media3. Tunica externa}}
Published 07/30/2024 QCPressure1. Veins2. Lymphatic vessels{{c1::1 > 2}}
Published 07/30/2024 QCValves1. Veins2. Lymphatic vessels{{c1::1 < 2}}
Published 07/30/2024 What forms the bulges in collecting lymphatic vesels?{{c1::Base of each valve forming a pocket}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymphatic vessels characterized by bulges{{c1::1. Collecting lymphatic vessels2. Lymph trunks3. Lymph ducts}}
Published 07/30/2024 Radiographic procedure to recognize lymphatic vessels in X-ray using radiopaque dye{{c1::Lymphangiography}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FLymphatic vessels regenerate quite well and can grow through scar tissue{{c1::T}}
Published 07/30/2024 Mechanisms of lymph transport (4):{{c1::1. Bulging of contracting skeletal muscles2. Pulsations of nearby arteries3. Constriction of tunica media4. Mo…
Published 07/30/2024 T/FTransport of lymph is sporadic and slow{{c1::T}}
Published 07/30/2024 Which lymph vessel type is responsible for the immune response against pathogens{{c1::Lymph nodes}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymph nodes are situated along {{c1::collecting lymphatic vesells::LV type}}
Published 07/30/2024 There are about how many lymph nodes in the human body{{c1::500}}
Published 07/30/2024 Large clusters of superficial lymph nodes are located in what regions{{c1::1. Cervical2. Axillary3. Inguinal}}
Published 07/30/2024 Deep lymph nodes are located in what regions{{c1::1. Thorax2. Abdomen3. Pelvis}}
Published 07/30/2024 Nodes that receive lymph from the head and neck{{c1::Superficial cervical nodes}}
Published 07/30/2024 Nodes that receive lymph from the upper limbs{{c1::Axillary nodes}}
Published 07/30/2024 Nodes that receive lymph from the lower limbs{{c1::Inguinal nodes}}
Published 07/30/2024 Nodes that receive lymph from the thoracic viscera{{c1::Nodes in the mediastinum}}
Published 07/30/2024 Nodes that receive lymph from the posterior abdominal wall{{c1::Aortic nodes}}
Published 07/30/2024 Nodes that receive lymph from the pelvic organs and lower limbs{{c1::iliac nodes}}
Published 07/30/2024 Trabeculae in the lymph node are extensions of{{c1::the fibrous capsule}}
Published 07/30/2024 Afferent lymphatic vessels enter the lymph nodes on what side{{c1::convex side}}
Published 07/30/2024 Efferent lymphatic vessels exit the lymph nodes on what side{{c1::concave side}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymph nodes sinuses (from superficial to deep*){{c1::1. Subscapular sinus2. Cortical sinus3. Medullary sinus}}
Published 07/30/2024 The portion of a lymph node where the efferent vessels exit{{c1::Hilum}}
Published 07/30/2024 e1882ae84272498785985c0d07e5a968-ao-1
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Published 07/30/2024 35f71853b4e9431182bb22fbd3246716-ao-1
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Published 07/30/2024 35f71853b4e9431182bb22fbd3246716-ao-6
Published 07/30/2024 Extensions of the fibrous capsule into the lymph nodes{{c1::Trabeculae}}
Published 07/30/2024 A swollen lymph node{{c1::Bubo}}
Published 07/30/2024 What distinguishes cancerous lymph nodes from infected lymph nodes{{c1::Absence of pain}}
Published 07/30/2024 After leaving the {{c1::lymph nodes}}, the largest {{c2::collecting lymphatic vessels}} converge to form {{c3::lymph trunks}}
Published 07/30/2024 5 major lymph trunks from inferior to superior{{c1::1. Lumbar trunks2. Intestinal trunk3. Bronchomediastinal trunks4. Subclavian trunks5. Jugualr trun…
Published 07/30/2024 The unpaired lymph trunk (out of 5){{c1::Intestinal trunk}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymph trunk that receives all lymph from the lower limbs, pelvic organs and some from the anterior abdominal wall{{c1::Lumbar trunks}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymph trunk that receives chyle from the stomach, intestines and other digestive orangs{{c1::Intestinal trunk}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymph trunk that receives lymph from the thoracic viscera and thoracic wall{{c1::Bronchomediastinal trunks}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymph trunk that receives lymph from the upper limbs and also the inferior neck and superior thoracic wall{{c1::Subclavian trunks}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymph trunk that receives lymph from the head and neck{{c1::Jugular trunks}}
Published 07/30/2024 Rough location ofLumbar trunks{{c1::lie along the sides of the aorta in the inferior abdomen}}
Published 07/30/2024 Rough location ofIntestinal trunk{{c1::lie near the posterior abdominal wall in the midline}}
Published 07/30/2024 Rough location ofBronchomediastinal trunks{{c1::ascending near the sides of the trachea}}
Published 07/30/2024 Rough location ofSubclavian trunks{{c1::near the base of the neck}}
Published 07/30/2024 Rough location ofJugular trunks{{c1::base of each internal jugular vein}}
Published 07/30/2024 Largest lymphatic vessels{{c1::Lymph ducts}}
Published 07/30/2024 The most inferior part of the thoracic duct{{c1::Cisterna chyli*}}
Published 07/30/2024 The union of lumbar and intestinal trunks{{c1::Cisterna chyli}}
Published 07/30/2024 Where does thoracic duct join the venous system{{c1::Left venous angle}}
Published 07/30/2024 (If not drained separately*) Lymphatic trunks that empty into the {{c2::thoracic duct}}{{c1::1. Left and right lumbar trunks2. Intestinal trunk3. Left…
Published 07/30/2024 Lymphatic trunks that empty into the {{c2::right lymphatic duct}} (if present){{c1::1. Right bronchomediastinal trunk2. Right subclavian trunk3. Right…
Published 07/30/2024 Where does right lymphatic duct join the venous system{{c1::Right venous angle}}
Published 07/30/2024 The lymphatic duct that is present in all people{{c1::Thoracic duct}}
Published 07/30/2024 The lymphatic duct that drains 3/4 of the body that is excluding the upper right quadrant of the body{{c1::Thoracic duct}}
Published 07/30/2024 The lymphatic duct that drains the upper right quadrant of the body{{c1::Right lymphatic duct}}
Published 07/30/2024 The {{c1::sentinel lymph node}} is the hypothetical first lymph node or group of nodes draining a cancer
Published 07/30/2024 QCIntercellular junctions1. Blood capillaries2. Lymphatic capillaries{{c1::1 > 2}}
Published 07/30/2024 Regions where lymph nodes are clustered (superficial and deep){{c1::1. Cervical2. Axillary3. Inguinal1. Thorax (tracheobronchial)2. Abdomen (aortic)3.…
Published 07/30/2024 Cisterna chyli lies on the what vertebral bodies{{c1::LV1 and LV2}}
Published 07/30/2024 eb0772fe05df4f50a2b88c43e007b8cd-ao-1
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Published 07/30/2024 18971280b77e422ab3d7a910285af68e-ao-1
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Published 07/30/2024 eb0772fe05df4f50a2b88c43e007b8cd-ao-13
Published 07/30/2024 T/FThe immune system attacks specific foreign molecules{{c1::T}}
Published 07/30/2024 Where are lymphocytes found{{c1::1. Lymphoid tissue2. Lympoid organs}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymphoid organs include (7):{{c1::1. Bone marrow2. Thymus3. Lymph nodes4. Spleen5. Tonsils6. Aggregated lymphoid nodules in the small intestine7. Appe…
Published 07/30/2024 Each lymphocyte attacks {{c1::specific::specific/non-specific}} foregin molecules
Published 07/30/2024 {{c2::Antigen}} is any molecule that induces a response from a {{c1::lymphocyte}}
Published 07/30/2024 2 main classes of lymphocytes{{c1::1. T cells2. B cells}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FT and B lymphocytes are distinguishable under the electron microscope{{c1::F}}
Published 07/30/2024 The class of lymphocyte that directly destroys cells{{c1::T cells}}
Published 07/30/2024 The class of lymphocyte that "flag" cells for destruction{{c1::B cells}}
Published 07/30/2024 {{c1::T cells}} bind to antigens that are presented by the{{c2::Major histocompatibility complex (MHC)}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FT cells recognize and respond only to foreign antigens{{c1::T}}
Published 07/30/2024 B cells differentiate into:{{c1::1. Plasma cells2. Memory cells}}
Published 07/30/2024 {{c1::Plasma cells}} secrete {{c2::antibodies}} that bind to specific antigens
Published 07/30/2024 Which lymphocyte is described"Responds primarily to foreign cells, infected self cells and some cancer cells{{c1::T cell}}
Published 07/30/2024 Which lymphocyte is describedResponds primarily to bacteria and bacterial toxins{{c1::B cell}}
Published 07/30/2024 Which lymphocyte is describedResponds primarily to cells that lack "self" surface molecules{{c1::NK cells}}
Published 07/30/2024 Mechanism of destruction of cells by the cytotoxic T cells and NK cells{{c1::via Lysis}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FNK cells attack their target cells* BEFORE the immune response is activated{{c1::T}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FOnce lymphocytes leave the circulation, they CANNOT re-enter{{c1::F}}
Published 07/30/2024 The repeated movement of activated lymphocytes between the circulatory vessels and the connective tissues is called{{c1::Recirculation}}
Published 07/30/2024 Where do all lymphocytes originate?{{c1::Red bone marrow}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FT and B lymphocytes originate in the thymus and the red bone marrow respectively{{c1::F}}
Published 07/30/2024 T lymphocytes become immunucompetent* where{{c1::Thymus}}
Published 07/30/2024 B lymphocytes become immunocompetent* where{{c1::Red bone marrow}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FOnce maturation (gaining immunocompetenece) is complete in their respective sites, T and B cells are said to be "activated"{{c1::F}}
Published 07/30/2024 Mature T or B cells prior to antigenic encounter{{c1::Naive or nonactivated lymphocyte}}
Published 07/30/2024 Naive lymphocytes are activated* upon {{c1::antigenic encounter}}
Published 07/30/2024 Where naive lymphocyte can meet antigens and activate and generate effector lymphocytes{{c1::Lymphoid tissue}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FLymphocytes only differentiate into effector cells and memory cells once it gains immunocompetence{{c1::F}}
Published 07/30/2024 Which lymphocyte cells remain in the lymphoid tissue after activation{{c1::B lymphocyte}}
Published 07/30/2024 Which lymphocyte cell recirculates throughout the body after activation{{c1::T lymphocyte}}
Published 07/30/2024 a “professional” antigen gatherer that patrols the body seeking antigens and take up antigens via {{c2::receptor-mediated endocytosis::endocystosis ty…
Published 07/30/2024 {{c1::Effector lymphocytes}} are short-lived lymphocytes that respond to the pathogen immediately and then die.
Published 07/30/2024 {{c1::Helper T cells}} enter the circulation and stimulate the cells of the immune system by secreting {{c2::cytokines}}
Published 07/30/2024 {{c2::Cytokines}} stimulate the proliferation of:{{c1::1. Activated B cells2. Cytotoxic T cells3. Macrophages}}
Published 07/30/2024 Where do memory cells wait until antigenic encounter?{{c1::Lymphoid tissue}}
Published 07/30/2024 It mimics acquired immunity by presenting the body with a weakened or inactive dose of a pathogen or toxin.{{c1::Vaccination}}
Published 07/30/2024 {{c1::Lymphoid tissue}} is a specialized type of connective tissue in which vast quantities of lymphocytes gather to fight invading microorganisms
Published 07/30/2024 General locations of lymphoid tissue (2):{{c1::1. Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)2. All lymphoid organs EXCEPT thymus}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymphoid tissue is what type of connective tissue{{c1::Reticular}}
Published 07/30/2024 **Cells/proteins that present antigens to lymphocytes{{c1::1. Macrophages2. Dendritic cells3. Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)}}
Published 07/30/2024 {{c1::Lymhoid follicles or lymphoid nodules}} are spherical clusters of densely packed lymphocytes in lymph nodes
Published 07/30/2024 The lighter-staining centers of lymphoid follicles{{c1::germinal centers}}
Published 07/30/2024 Where the lymphocytes* ploriferate within the lymphoid follicle{{c1::Germinal center}}
Published 07/30/2024 Each lymphoid follicle derives from the activation of a {{c1::single B cell}}
Published 07/30/2024 1 lymphoid follicle is to {{c1::1}} B cell
Published 07/30/2024 Which type of lymphocyte is found in lymphoid follicles?{{c1::B cell}}
Published 07/30/2024 lymphocytes maturing mean they become {{c1::immunocompetent}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymphoid organs are grouped into two:{{c1::1. Primary lymphoid organs2. Secondary lymphoid organs}}
Published 07/30/2024 Where immunocompetent lymphocyte and memory cells are stored{{c1::Secondary lymphoid organs}}
Published 07/30/2024 Secondary lymphoid organs{{c1::1. Lymph nodes2. Spleen3. Tonsils*4. Aggregated lymphoid nodules in the small intenstine*5. Appendix*}}
Published 07/30/2024 What has the MALT{{c1::1. Tonsils2. Aggregated lymphoid nodules in the small intenstine3. Appendix}}
Published 07/30/2024 Primary lymphoid organs{{c1::1. Thymus2. Red bone marrow}}
Published 07/30/2024 686d973b60cd44bf9e72c1c5d8aaa290-ao-1
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Published 07/30/2024 How many lobes does the thymus have {{c1::2}}
Published 07/30/2024 2 thymic hormones{{c1::1. Thymosin2. Thymopoietin}}
Published 07/30/2024 What causes T lymphocytes to gain immunocompetence{{c1::Thymic hormones}}
Published 07/30/2024 When does the thymus being to atrophy{{c1::Late adolescence}}
Published 07/30/2024 THYMUSAge: {{c1::20}}Functional tissue left: {{c2::80%}}
Published 07/30/2024 THYMUSAge: {{c1::40}}Functional tissue left: {{c2::5%}}
Published 07/30/2024 THYMUSAge: {{c1::old age}}Functional tissue left: {{c2::2%}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FThe thymus ceases to produce immunocompetent cells once adulthood is reached{{c1::F}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FEven as the thymus atrophies over time, it continues to produce immunocompetent cells throughout adulthood at a reduced rate{{c1::T}}
Published 07/30/2024 Types of T cells{{c1::1. Cytotoxic T cell2. Helper T cell3. Regulartory T cell}}
Published 07/30/2024 Type of T cell that prevents {{c2::autoimmune responses}}{{c1::Regulatory T cell}}
Published 07/30/2024 Part of thymus that functions in the development of regulatory T cells{{c1::Thymic corpuscles}}
Published 07/30/2024 Layer of thymus lobule packed with T cells gaining immunocompetence{{c1::Cortex}}
Published 07/30/2024 QCT cell content1. Thymus lobule cortex2. Thymus lobule medulla{{c1::1 > 2}}
Published 07/30/2024 The only lymphoid organ that does not directly fight antigens{{c1::Thymus}}
Published 07/30/2024 It keeps bloodborne antigens from leaking out of thymic capillaries and prematurely activating the immature thymic lymphocytes{{c1::Blood thymus barri…
Published 07/30/2024 Blood thymus barrier prevents what {{c2::prematurely activating the immature thymic lymphocytes}}
Published 07/30/2024 T/FThe thymus contains only a few B cells{{c1::F}}
Published 07/30/2024 The thymus is different from other lymphoid organs in 2 ways:{{c1::1. Functions only in maturation, not fighting antigens2. Basic tissue framework is …
Published 07/30/2024 {{c1::Thymic corpuscles}} are structres found in the {{c2::medulla}} of the thymus formed from concentrically arranged {{c3::epithelial reticular cell…
Published 07/30/2024 What produces the thymic hormones{{c1::Epithelial reticular cells}}
Published 07/30/2024 Where the lymphatic system and immune system intersect{{c1::Lymph nodes}}
Published 07/30/2024 Histoligcally distinct regions of the lymph nodes{{c1::1. Cortex2. Medulla}}
Published 07/30/2024 Lymphoid follicles, B cells occupy primarily which region of the lymph nodes{{c1::Superficial Cortex}}
Published 07/30/2024 T cells (helper T cells) occupy primarily which region of the lymph nodes{{c1::Deep Cortex}}
Published 07/30/2024 T cells, B cells and plasma cells primarily occupy which region of the lymph nodes{{c1::Medulla (Medullary cords)}}
Published 07/30/2024 Where most antigens meet not only T cells but also B cells along its circulation{{c1::Lymph nodes}}
Published 07/30/2024 Region of spleen consisting entirely of lymphoid tissue{{c1::white pulp}}
Published 07/30/2024 Largest lymphoid organ{{c1::Spleen}}
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