Notes in Gametes

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Published	08/28/2024	Which phase of the cell cycle are primary oocytes arrested in until ovulation?{{c1::Prophase I (of meiosis I)}}
Published	08/28/2024	Which phase of the cell cycle are secondary oocytes arrested in until fertilization?{{c1::Metaphase II (of meiosis II)}}
Published	08/28/2024	In oogenesis, every time an oocyte splits (once in meiosis I, and again in meiosis II), it makes a {{c1::polar body --> degenerates}}
Published	08/28/2024	At birth, female has ~ {{c1::1-2 million}} primary oocytes.At puberty, many apoptose, so only {{c1::1/3}} remainDuring lifetime, only {…
Published	08/28/2024	In the mature Graafian Follicle, what layer surrounds the secondary oocyte?{{c1::Zona Pellucida}}
Published	08/28/2024	In the Mature Graafian Follicle, which two layers of granular cells surround the secondary oocyte?The corona {{c1::radiata}} andThe cumulus {{c1:…
Published	08/28/2024	In the Graafian Follicle, which two layers of stroma (supportive tissue) are there?The {{c1::Theca interna}} andThe {{c1::Theca externa}}
Published	08/28/2024	What does LH do to the Graafian Follicle?Thecal cells contract and release {{c1:: proteases}}.Follicle ruptures out of ovary, and "swept up" by t…
Published	08/28/2024	After Oocyte --> Fallopian Tube, the granulosa and thecal cells remain --> form {{c1::corpus luteum}}
Published	08/28/2024	How does the corpus luteum maintain the uterine lining (endometrium)?Secretes {{c1::progesterone and estrogen}}
Published	08/28/2024	What does LH stimulate in males?Makes {{c1::Leydig}} cells produce {{c1::testosterone}}
Published	08/28/2024	What are the 3 parts of the sperm?Head --> {{c1::contains haploid genome}}Middle --> {{c1::contains mitochondria}}Tail --> {{c…
Published	08/28/2024	IVF overview:1) Woman stimulated w FSH/LH to make many Graffian Follicles.2) Follicles harvested and mature to {{c1::Metaphase II (w/in Meiosis I…
Published	08/28/2024	What procedure do you do if sperm can't penetrate eggs?{{c1::Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)}}
Published	08/28/2024	What procedure places an egg + sperm --> Fallopian Tube, due to defeciency in sperm motility?{{c1::Gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT)}}
Published	08/28/2024	1. In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF): retrieval of eggs during an IVF cycle for fertilization by sperm in a petri dish until it becomes an embryo. It is th…
Published	08/28/2024	Name 3 of the 6 causes of female infertility.
Published	08/28/2024	Name two of the 4 causes of male infertility.
Published	08/28/2024	Sertoli cells secrete Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor {{c1::GDNF}} to cause differentiation of spermatogonia into spermatocytes and contin…
Published	08/28/2024	{{c1::Monosomy}} results from fertilization of one normal haploid gene and one 0n gamete. This can be d/t meiosis I or meiosis II nondisjunction.…
Published	08/28/2024	{{c1::Trisomy}} results from fertilization of 1n (normal) and 2n gametes. Can be d/t meiosis I nondisjunction or meiosis II nondisjunction.
Published	08/28/2024	A trisomy with mixed chromosomes is likely due to a {{c1::meiosis I}} nondisjunction, while a trisomy with the same chromosomes from one parent is l…
Published	08/28/2024	In the {{c1::luteal}} phase, right after ovulation, thick cervical mucuous is screted from glands at the {{c1::neck of the cervix}}. Sperm must pass t…
Published	08/28/2024	The syncytiotrophoblast is the {{c1::immature}} part of the {{c1::placenta}}.
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