Notes in 14 Molecular Pathology

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	Two main composition of human genome {{c1::Nuclear Genome Mitochondrial genome}}
Published	07/30/2024	Percentage composition of nuclear genome componentsExtragenic DNA: {{c1::74%}}Gene-Related: {{c1::26%}}
Published	07/30/2024	Percentage of Gene-Related SequencesCoding DNA: {{c1::5%}}Non-coding DNA: {{c1::95%}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Locus}} - Position or location of a gene or genetic marker on a chromosome
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Allele}} - Alternative version of a gene at a given locus
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Non-coding sequences1. Exon 2. Intron{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Highly conserved1. Exon 2. Intron {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Enhancer1. CAAT/GC box2. TATA box {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Promoter1. CAAT/GC box2. TATA box {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Adenine::Purine}} binds to {{c1::Thymine::Pyrimidine}} with {{c2::2::number}} hydrogen bonds between them
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Guanine::purine}} binds to {{c1::Cytosine::pyrimidine}} with {{c2::3::number}} hydrogen bonds between them
Published	07/30/2024	Highest form of RNA in human genome{{c1::rRNA}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::AUG (Methionine)}} - Start codon
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::UAA, UAG, UGA}} - Stop codon
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Between AUG and stop codon}} - Threshold for open reading fram
Published	07/30/2024	The Wobble hypothesis states that the 2nd base of mRNA codon can undergo a non-Watson-Crick base pairing with the 1st base of a tRNA anticodon{{c1::Fa…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Reverse transcriptase}} - Enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of DNA from either an RNA or DNA template
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::DNA ligase}} - Enzyme that join DNA fragments
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Digests in the middle of the molecule1. Endonuclease2. Exonuclease{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Restriction endonucleases}} - Enzymes that recognizes specific short DNA sequences and cleaves DNA at these specific sites
Published	07/30/2024	Beta-thalassemia genome contain which type of DNA mutation {{c1::Non-sense mutation}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cystic fibrosis contain what type of DNA mutation ?{{c1::Deletion mutation - the nucleotide TTT got deleted}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Insertion & Frame-shift mutation}} - DNA mutation which changes the reading frame
Published	07/30/2024	What type of DNA mutation is found in Tay Sachs Disease?{{c1::Insertion / Frame-shift mutation}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. DNA mutationsChange in base w/o change in amino acid A. Silent Mutation B. Missense Mutation C. Non-sense Mutation D. Deletio…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. DNA mutationsChange in base which results in a different amino acidA. Silent Mutation B. Missense Mutation C. Non-sense Mutation D…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. DNA mutationsChange in base which gives rise to a stop codonA. Silent Mutation B. Missense Mutation C. Non-sense Mutation D. Delet…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. DNA mutationsA type of mutation that involves the loss of 1 or more nucleotidesA. Silent Mutation B. Missense Mutation C. Non-sense Mut…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. DNA mutationsChanges the reading frameA. Silent Mutation B. Missense Mutation C. Non-sense Mutation D. Deletion Mutation E. I…
Published	07/30/2024	Diseases associated with CGG trinucleotide repeat{{c1::Fragile XFragile site 11BFragile XE MR}}
Published	07/30/2024	Diseases associated with GAA trinucleotide repeat{{c1::Friedrich’s ataxia}}
Published	07/30/2024	Diseases associated with CAG trinucleotide repeat{{c1::SCAHuntington diseaseSpinal and bulbar atrophyMachado-Joseph disease}}
Published	07/30/2024	Diseases associated with CTG trinucleotide repeat{{c1::Myotonic dystrophy}}
Published	07/30/2024	First step in DNA extraction after obtaining the source{{c1::Cell lysis via physical or chemical}}
Published	07/30/2024	List cell components that are removed in sequential order for DNA extraction {{c1::Membrane lipisProteinsRNA}}
Published	07/30/2024	Final step in Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism {{c1::Electrophoresis for blotting of fragments}}
Published	07/30/2024	Clinical use of RFLP{{c1::Family studiesCrime Scene Investigation}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] DNA1. Positive charge2. Negative charge{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] DNA separation 1. Southern blot 2. Northern blot {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Denaturation needed1. Southern blot 2. Norther blot {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Nitrocellulose filter membrane1. Southern blot 2. Norther blot {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Amino benzyloxymethyl filter paper1. Southern blot 2. Norther blot {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] DNA-DNA Hybridization1. Southern blot 2. Norther blot {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] RNA-DNA Hybridization1. Southern blot 2. Norther blot {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Protein1. Southern blot 2. Norther blot {{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	PCR temperature for each stepDenaturation:{{c1:: 94°C – 95°C}}Annealing: {{c1::55°C – 65°C}}Extension: {{c1::72°C}}
Published	07/30/2024	Primers range from {{c1::15 to 30}} nucleotides
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Taq DNA Pol::enzyme}} amplify DNA from primer by pol chain reaction in presence of {{c1::Mg::cofactor}}
Published	07/30/2024	Substance added to DNA segments during Annealing phase of PCR cycle {{c1::Primers}}
Published	07/30/2024	End product of rtPCR{{c1::cDNA}}
Published	07/30/2024	Clinical application of rtPCR{{c1::Quantification of RNA virus}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Amplicon}} - PCR amplification product
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Utilize fluorescent-labeled probes1. rtPCR2. Real-time PCR{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	What particle is amplified in nucleic acid probe amplification to be detected?{{c1::Probe nucleic acid that hybridize with the target segment}}
Published	07/30/2024	Sanger DNA sequence workflow {{c1::PCR Amplification}} - {{c2::PCR Clean-Up}} - {{c1::Cycle Sequencing}} - {{c2::Sequencing Clean-up}} - {{c1::Ca…
Published	07/30/2024	Multiple primers in a single go → identify a lot of pathogens in just one swab{{c1::DNA Microarrays}}
Published	07/30/2024	For Southern hybridizations, the DNA must be purified with {{c1::minimal::maximum/minimal}} shearing
Published	07/30/2024	Expected visible change in hybridization techniques for positive result{{c1::Change in color }}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Hydbridization formatsProbe and target nucleotide strands in solution A. Solution formatB. Solid suport formatC. Southern blot hybridization…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Hydbridization formatsEither probe or target nucleic acids can form complex to a solid A. Solution formatB. Solid suport formatC. Southern b…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Hydbridization formatsTarget nucleic acid bands are transferred to a membrane and exposed to probe nucleic acidA. Solution formatB. Solid suport …
Published	07/30/2024	Template material for In-Situ Hybdridization {{c1::Cell DNA of patient}}
Published	07/30/2024	In DNA microassay,  what particles is attached to stationary phase?{{c1::Fixed probes that will attach px dna sample}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. DNA Microarray No hybridizationA. GreenB. RedC. Yellow D. Gray {{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. DNA Microarray Hybridization on both cellsA. GreenB. RedC. Yellow D. Gray {{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. DNA Microarray Hybridization on normal cells onlyA. GreenB. RedC. Yellow D. Gray {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. DNA Microarray Hybridization in pathological cellsA. GreenB. RedC. Yellow D. Gray {{c1::B}}
Status	Last Update	Fields