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Notes in 04 Arterial interventions

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Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : General ConsiderationsSolid organ traumatic injury management is dependent on: 1. {{c1::severity}} of injur…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : General ConsiderationsConservative management in trauma is best for {{c2::stable::clinical status}} patients wit…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : General ConsiderationsIR angiography and embolization in trauma is indicated with:{{c1::Stable::clinical status}} pat…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : General ConsiderationsIR embolization is effective with {{c1::either contained or uncontained::contained, uncont…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: TraumaThe gold standard for evaluating suspected traumatic aortic injury is {{c1::CTA}}
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: TraumaThe gold standard treatment for acute traumatic aortic injury is {{c1::open surgical repair::surgical/endovascular/…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: TraumaCase: TraumaYellow arrows: {{c1::Fusiform}} dilation of the {{c4::aortic isthmus}}, distal to the {{c5::brachioceph…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal TraumaRenal trauma classifications:{{c1::blunt::most common type, over 80% of injuries}}, {{c2::penetrating (i.…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal TraumaMost common renal trauma symptom is {{c1::hematuria}}, regardless of etiology
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal TraumaTraumatic renal injury is more common with {{c1::horseshoe kidney::variant anatomy}} because it is n…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal TraumaNon-OIS AAST classification renal vascular injuries: traumatic renal artery {{c1::thrombosis}} …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Trauma Indications for endovascular treatment in the setting of renal trauma: {{c1::active extravasat…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Trauma Case: Renal TraumaRenal DSA Angiogram Findings: {{c1::lower pole devascularization::overall}} …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Arteriovenous FistulasRenal AVFs are usually {{c1::acquired::general etiology, i.e. spontaneous, acquired,…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Arteriovenous FistulasRenal AVFs are usually {{c1::asymptomatic::symptomatic or asymptomatic}} and often {{c2::…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Arteriovenous Fistulas{{c1::Hematuria}} is the most common symptom of renal AVFSevere sympyoms of renal AV…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Arteriovenous FistulasRenal Arteriogram with {{c1::early venous filling::finding}} is indicative of renal AVF
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Arteriovenous FistulasRenal AVF treatment is {{c1::embolization}}, with ({{c2::coils, glue, or alcohol::specifi…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pelvic Vascular Trauma {{c1::Catastrophic::?severity}} hemorrhage can result from pelvic vascular trauma It {{c1::is…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pelvic Vascular TraumaAngiography is usually performed {{c1::prior to::prior to or after}} orthopedic surgery in the sett…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pelvic Vascular Trauma: TreatmentStep 1: {{c1::Access (either CFA, usually)}}Step 2:  {{c3::Non-selective pelvic::where}}…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pelvic Vascular TraumaIn the setting of pelvic hemorrhage with hemodynamic instability, superselective embolization is {{c1:: …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pelvic Vascular TraumaIn the setting of pelvic hemorrhage with hemodynamic instability, rapid {{c1::nonselective::selective/no…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pelvic Vascular TraumaCASE: Pelvic TraumaPelvic RadiographYellow Arrows: {{c1::Diastasis}} of the pubic symphysisCon…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pelvic Vascular TraumaCASE: Pelvic Trauma DSAYellow Arrow: {{c1::Active extravasation::Finding}} from the {{c2::righ…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive HemoptysisThe definition of massive hemoptysis: {{c1::300-600 mL of blood in 24hrs::volume / time}}.The most severe co…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive Hemoptysis90% of massive hemoptysis cases arise from {{c1::bronchial::bronchial or pulmonary}} arteries&nbsp…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive HemoptysisPatient position: affected lung side {{c3::down::up/down}} to improve {{c1::oxygenation}} and reduce {{c2::f…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : General ConsiderationsLevel 1 trauma centers require {{c1::24 hour::how often}} availability of IR procedures
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive Hemoptysis Massive Hemoptysis risk factors: {{c1::Smoking}}, {{c2::cystic fibrosis}}, or {{c3::vasculitis}}
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive Hemoptysis Most common causes of massive hemoptysis in US: {{c1::cystic fibrosis or thoracic malignancy::two…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Bronchial Artery Embolization for HemoptysisCASE: Massive HemoptysisImage 1: Coronal Chest CTFindings: Right {{c2::thorac…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Bronchial Artery Embolization for HemoptysisCASE: Massive HemoptysisImage 2: Initial DSA {{c1::Nonselective::selective/no…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Bronchial Artery Embolization for HemoptysisBronchial Artery origin is {{c1::variable,::not variable/variable}} originating fr…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Bronchial Artery Embolization for HemoptysisIn BAE, embolization is performed with a {{c1::distal::proximal/distal}} embolic a…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pulmonary Massive HemoptysisPulmonary Angiogram:Required workup: {{c1::EKG}}, to rule out a {{c2::left bundle branch block (LB…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pulmonary Massive HemoptysisPulmonary AngiogramNormal right heart pressures: Right atrium: {{c1::0–8::range}} mmHgPulmonar…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation (PAVM)PAVM is a {{c1::right to left}} shunt due to abnormal connection between {{c2:…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive Hemoptysis{{c1::Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT)}}, aka Osler-Weber- Rendu syndrome, may have multiple pulm…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation (PAVM)PAVMs must be embolized using {{c1::coils}}{{c1::Particles}} are contraindicat…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: HemorrhageThe most common causes of antepartum hemorrhage are caused by {{c1::placenta previa}},&n…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: HemorrhageAntepartum hemorrhage is usually treated with urgent {{c1::Caesarean section}} or&n…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: HemorrhageThe role of IR in antepartum hemorrhage includes placing {{c1::balloon catheters}} …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: HemorrhageCommon causes of postpartum hemorrhage are caused by {{c1::urterine inversion}}, {{c2::uterin…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: HemorrhageIR can be of use in postpartum hemorrhage by interrogating the {{c1::internal iliac}} arterie…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: HemorrhageThe {{c1::uterine}} artery is often the souces of postpartum hemorrhage 
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: PseudoaneurysmUterine artery pseudoaneurysms (UAPs) typically present {{c1::several weeks::timeline}} a…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: PseudoaneurysmUterine artery pseudoaneurysms (UAPs) are usually diagnosed by {{c1::ultrasound}} or {{c1…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: PseudoaneurysmUterine artery pseudoaneurysms (UAPs) intervention includes bilateral {{c1::internal ilia…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric Emergencies: PseudoaneurysmLast resort treatment for uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) is {{c1::hysterectomy}}
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Upper GI bleedingUpper GI bleeding is described anatomically as above the {{c1::ligament of Tr…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Upper GI bleeding{{c1::Endoscopy}} is the best initial procedure for acute upper GI bleeding a…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Upper GI bleedingIR embolization for upper GI bleeding can be considered if there is a clear b…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Upper GI bleedingIR {{c1::embolization}} for upper GI bleeding can be considered if the patien…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Upper GI bleedingA negative angiogram in the context of an upper GI bleed could be due to copi…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Upper GI bleedingEmpiric {{c2::embolization}} of a {{c1::gastric}} artery or the {{c1::gastrod…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Lower GI bleedingIn a hemodynamically stable patient with a lower GI bleed, initial evalu…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Lower GI bleedingIn lower GI bleed, a bleeding rate of {{c1::0.5 - 1.0}} mL/min is genera…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Lower GI bleedingIn a hemodynamically unstable patient with a lower GI ble…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Lower GI bleedingIntra-{{c1::arterial}} infusion of {{c2::vasopressin (ADH)}} can often c…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Lower GI bleedingIntra-arterial infusion of vasopressin (ADH) for lower GI bleed is most …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Lower GI bleedingMajor complications of intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin (ADH) are …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Lower GI bleedingVasopressin for lower GI bleed is infused directly into the {{c1::SMA}} …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding{{c1::Diverticulosis}} is the most common cause of lower GI bleeding in older adults
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Diverticular Bleed{{c2::Unstable}} or failed {{c2::medical managment}} diverticular bleeds can…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Diverticular BleedPotential IR thearpies for diverticular bleeds include superselective {{c1::…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Angiodysplasia{{c1::Angiodysplasia}} a small {{c2::age}}-related vascular malformation and com…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: AngiodysplasiaAngiodysplasia is most commonly located in the {{c1::cecum}} and {{c2::ascending…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Angiodysplasia{{c2::Heyde's}} syndrome is classic association of aortic valve {{c1::steno…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Hemorrhoidal BleedThe advantages of coil occlusion of the distal branches of the superior rect…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Hemorrhoidal BleedHemorrhoidal bleeds can be treated endovascularly by {{c1::coil occlusion}} …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Hemorrhoidal Bleed{{c2::Particle}} embolization for hemorrhoidal bleeds may involve more {{c3:…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Mesenteric Ischemia {{c2::Mesenteric ischemia}} is inadequate blood supply to the {{c1::bowe…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Mesenteric Ischemia Mesenteric ischemia is seen most commonly in the {{c1::elderly::age grou…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Mesenteric Ischemia Causes of mesenteric ischemia are commonly: acute arterial {{c1::embolis…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Mesenteric Ischemia For the purposes of interventions, the etiologies of mesenteric ische…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Acute Mesenteric IschemiaAcute mesenteric ischemia typically presents as catastrophic {{c1::ab…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Acute Mesenteric IschemiaAn SMA embolism distal to the {{c1::middle colic}} artery carries the…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Acute Mesenteric IschemiaThe middle colic artery anastomoses with the {{c1::IMA}} via the {{c2…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Acute Mesenteric IschemiaTreatement for acute mesenteric ischemia includes:1. Surgical {{c1::r…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Acute Mesenteric IschemiaEndovascular therapy with {{c1::thrombolysis}} or {{c1::suction embol…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Acute Mesenteric IschemiaNonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is a {{c1::more::more/less}} …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Acute Mesenteric IschemiaPrimary treatment of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is direc…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Acute Mesenteric Ischemia{{c1::Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI)}} is also known as “int…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Chronic Messenteric IschemiaChronic mesenteric ischemia is usually caused by {{c1::atheroscler…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Chronic Messenteric IschemiaClassic clinical presentation of {{c1::chronic}} mesenteric i…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Chronic Messenteric IschemiaMesenteric angiography in {{c3::chronic}} mesenteric ischemia…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Chronic Messenteric IschemiaThe {{c1::lateral::view}} aortogram is the most useful view t…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Chronic Messenteric IschemiaDue to extensive mesenteric {{c2::collaterals}}, at least {{c1::tw…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Chronic Messenteric IschemiaChronic mesenteric ischemia can be treated with endovascular {{c1:…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease{{c2::Aneurysms}} are when an artery is {{c1::1.5}} times the size of the normal vessel
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal DiseaseA {{c1::true}} aneurysm involves  {{c2::all three}} layers of the arterial wall
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal DiseaseThe three layers of the arterial wall are: {{c1::intima::innermost}}, {{c1::media}} and {{c1::adventitia::ou…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal DiseaseA pseudoaneurysm contains {{c1::one to two}} layers of the vessel wall
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal DiseaseA pseudoaneurysm occurs in the setting of {{c1::trauma::injury}}, {{c2::malignancy::disease process}} or {{c…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal DiseaseManagement decisions for aneurysms should be based on the risk of {{c1::rupture}}
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal Disease{{c1::Minimally invasive endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)}} is a widely accept…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseaseInterventional radiology is best suited for treating {{c1::endoleaks::aneurysm re…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseaseType {{c1::I}} endoleaks result from failure of the stent graft to form…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseasePrompt management is indicated in Type {{c1::1}} and {{c1::3}} endoleaks
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseaseType {{c1::2}} endoleaks are the most common type in aortic aneurysm
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseaseType {{c1::II}} endoleaks  result from retrograde filling of the {…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseaseType {{c1::2}} endoleaks usually do not change in size or may even decrease in si…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseaseType {{c1::III}} endoleaks are {{c3::uncommon::common/uncommon}} and re…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseaseManagement of type 3 endoleaks consists of promptly deploying {{c1::a new stent g…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Visceral Artery AneurysmThe most common location of visceral artery aneurysm is at the {{c1::spenic}}&nbsp…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery Aneurysm{{c1::Splenic}} artery aneurysm is the most common {{c2::visceral}} aneurysm
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery AneurysmRisk factors for spenic artery aneurysm are:1. {{c2::Multiparity}}2. {{c1::Portal H…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery AneurysmSplenic artery aneurysms have an increased risk of rupture during {{c1::pregnancy}}…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery AneurysmSplenic artery pseudoaneurysm may be the result of {{c1::trauma}} or {{c1::pancreat…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery AneurysmIndications for treatment of a splenic artery aneurysm include:1. Presence of {{c2:…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery AneurysmThe prefered method of treatment of splenic artery aneurysm is {{c1::endovascular c…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery Aneurysm{{c1::Proximal:proximal or distal}} splenic embolization is less {{c3::painful}} an…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery AneurysmEmbolization for spenic artery aneurysm should be performed in the {{c1::mid::where…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery Aneurysm{{c2::Distal}} embolization of spenic artery aneurysm causes {{c1::more}} tissue ne…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Hepatic Artery Aneurysm{{c1::Hepatic}} artery aneurysm is the second most common visceral aneurysm 
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Hepatic Artery AneurysmIndications for treatment of a hepatic artery aneurysm are the same as {{c1::spenic…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Hepatic Artery AneurysmEmbolization for hepatic artery aneurysm is preferred at the {{c1::right hepatic}} …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Hepatic Artery AneurysmEmbolization proximal to the cystic artery for hepatic artery aneurysm increases th…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Renal Artery Stenosis:{{c1::Atherosclerosis}} is the most common cause of renal artery stenosis in older adults 
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Renal Artery Stenosis:RAS resulting from {{c2::atherosclerotic}} disease typically involves the {{c1::ostium}} and {{c1::proxi…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Renal Artery Stenosis:Angioplasty ± stenting for RAS may be advocated in the setting of:1. {{c1::Hemodynamically significant R…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe subclavian artery gives rise to five main branches: 1. {{c1::Vertebral}} artery2. {{c2::In…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe {{c2::subclavian}} artery continues as the {{c1::axillary}} artery after it crosses the la…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe {{c3::axillary}} artery is divided into {{c1::3}} parts and {{c2::6}} major branches that …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyOnce the axillary artery crosses the inferior lateral margin of the {{c3::teres major muscle}}…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe axillary artery gives rise to the {{c1::deep brachial}} artery and anteriorly in the …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe {{c1::radial recurrent::branch off radial artery}} artery and the {{c2::posterior and ante…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe common interosseous artery divides into {{c1::anterior}} and {{c1::posterior}} branches
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyIn the lateral forearm, the radial artery courses to the wrist, traverses the {{c2::snuffbox}}…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyIn the medial forearm, the ulnar artery arises from the {{c1::common interosseous}} artery and…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular Anatomy: Hypothenar hammerThe classic clinical history of {{c3::hypothenar hammer}} syndrome is a {{c…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular Anatomy: Hypothenar hammerTreatment of hyothenar hammer syndrome is {{c1::surgical}} as there is ofte…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular Anatomy: Buerger diseaseBuerger disease is a {{c1::small- and medium-::size}} vessel vasculitis that …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular Anatomy: Buerger diseaseBuerger disease more commonly involves the {{c1::legs::body part}} but may al…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular Anatomy: Buerger diseaseTypical features of Buerger disease are {{c1::small}} vessel occlusions …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular Anatomy: Raynaud Disease{{c1::Raynaud disease}} is small arterial vasospasm triggered by {{c2::cold t…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular Anatomy: Raynaud DiseaseIn Raynaud disease there is {{c1::decreased}} perfusion of the distal {{c2::d…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular Anatomy: Raynaud DiseaseRaynaud disease is associated with {{c1::scleroderma and other connective tis…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe lower extremity vascular tree begins when the {{c3::external iliac}} artery continues into…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe common femoral artery branches into the {{c1::profunda femoris}} posteriorly and the {{c1:…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe profunda femoris artery supplies the {{c1::medial}} and {{c1::posterior}} thigh as we…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe SFA continues in the {{c1::adductor}} canal of the {{c4::anterior}} compartment of the thi…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower Extremity Vascular AnatomyAfter the popliteal artery courses past the inferior border of the {{c2::popliteus}} muscle, i…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe anterior tibial artery (ATA) passes through the {{c1::interosseous membrane}} and courses …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe tibioperoneal trunk divides into the {{c1::peroneal}} artery, which supplies the {{c2…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe posterior tibial artery enters the {{c1::tarsal tunnel}} with the {{c3::tibial}} nerve, an…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal Disease Similar to aortoiliac disease, the second {{c1::TransAtlantic Inter-Soc…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal DiseaseFemoropopliteal lesions are classified into {{c1::4}} types of lesions
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal DiseaseType A Femoropopliteal lesions are {{c1::single::simgle or multiple}} sten…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal DiseaseType A Femoropopliteal lesions are treated with {{c1::endovascular treatme…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal DiseaseType B Femoropopliteal lesions are treated with {{c1::endovascular treatme…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal DiseaseType C Femoropopliteal lesions are treated with {{c1::Surgery; depending o…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal DiseaseType D Femoropopliteal lesions are treated with {{c1::Surgery}}
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal DiseaseType B Femoropopliteal lesions are {{c1::multiple lesions::single or multi…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal DiseaseType C Femoropopliteal lesions are {{c1::multiple::single or multiple}} st…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Femoropopliteal DiseaseType D Femoropopliteal lesions are {{c1::chronic total occlusion::type of …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disease{{c1::Acute limb ischemia}} is an emergency and is often associated w…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disease{{c1::Blue toe syndrome}} is acute thromboembolism in the toes
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disese:Blue toe syndrome is {{c1::acute thromboembolism}} in the toes. 
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disese:The characteristic imaging feature of acute thromboembolic disease in…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disese:Thromboembolic disease of the upper extremities is most commonly caus…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disese:If the source of emboli is {{c2::central (such as the heart)}}, {{c1:…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disese:Angiography in acute thromboembolic disease shows {{c1::an acute…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disese:Treatment options for acute thromboembolic disease include surgical {…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disese:While receiving intra-arterial tPA, the patient must be cared for in …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pehipheral Vascular Disease: Acute thromboembolic disese:TPA infusion should be slowed if the {{c2::fibrinogen}} decreases to …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : General ConsiderationsIR emergencies are most commonly due to {{c1::trauma}}. 
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Trauma AAST OIS GradingGrades I–III: {{c1::nonexpanding}} hematomas or parenchymal {{c3::lacerat…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Trauma AAST OIS GradingGrade IV: - deep parenchymal {{c1::laceration}} which extends to the {{c3::collecti…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Trauma : Renal Trauma AAST OIS GradingGrade V: {{c2::shattered}} kidney with {{c3::avulsion}} of the renal {{c4::hilum}}T…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Pelvic Vascular TraumaA {{c1::3}} cm diastasis of the pubic symphisis doubles the potential intra-pelvic volume to appoximatel…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive Hemoptysis In the setting of massive hemoptysis, pre-procedure {{c1::bronchoscopy}} or {{c1::CTA}} are usefu…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive HemoptysisIf a patient continues to bleed after evaluation of bronchial and pulmonary arteries, the {{c1::subclavian}}…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Bronchial Artery Embolization for HemoptysisInitial angiography in BAE should carefully evaluate for the presence of {{c2::lef…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Bronchial Artery Embolization for Hemoptysis{{c1::Paralysis}} is a rare complication of BAE, due to non-target embolization of…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive HemoptysisCase: Yellow arrow: {{c1::feeding}} arteryRed arrow: {{c1::draining}} veinDiagnosis: {{c…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive HemoptysisMost pulmonary AVMs have {{c1::a single::single/multiple}} feeding artery(s) and coiling of {{c2::inflow art…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Massive HemoptysisInidications for treatment in pulmonary AVM include a symptomatic lesion (prior {{c1::infarct}} of brain {{c…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Obstetric EmergenciesCase: DSA of internal iliac artery (A) early arterial; (B) delayedYellow arrow: focal contrast …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper GI BleedingWhy can you empirically embolize (gastric/gastroduodenal artery) in upper GI bleed, but not in lower GI bleed…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower GI BleedingCase: Selective DSA angiogram of the SMAYellow arrow: active extravasation in a distal branch of th…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Lower GI BleedingCase: Selective IMA runoff showing the {{c1::superior rectal}} artery branchesYellow arrow: Contras…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding: Acute Mesenteric IschemiaAcute mesenteric ischemia is most commonly caused by a{{c1::n SMA emb…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Gastrointestinal (GI) BleedingCase: 79-year-old female with AMS, bowel wall thickening and multifocal thrombus of the SMA on C…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseasePrompt intervention of type 1 endoleaks involve:- {{c1::Balloon angioplasty}} at …
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Aortic Aneurysmal DiseaseIntervention of type 2 endoleaks involve:- Accessing the sac via {{c1::transarter…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal Disease: Splenic Artery AneurysmWith endovascular coil embolization, in general, coils are first placed {{c1::dista…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Aneurysmal DiseaseCase: LUQ painYellow arrow: Outpuching of contrast in proximal splenic artery = {{c1::aneurysm}}--…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyThe upper extremity vascular tree begins at the aortic arch branching into the {{c1::brachioce…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyCase: Normal upper extremity arterial DSABlue arrow (A): third part of the {{c1::axi…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyIn hypothenar hammer syndrome, chronic repetitive trauma causes the {{c1::ulnar}} artery to ch…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyImaging of hypothenar hammer syndrome shows occlusion of the ulnar artery with dista…
Published 05/01/2023 Arterial Interventions: Upper Extremity Vascular AnatomyCase: Hand painBlue arrowheads: segmental occlusion of the {{c1::ulnar}} arteryDiagn…
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