Notes in Cell Biology of the Nervous System 1

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/07/2023	The most prominent cytoplasmic organelle of neuronal cell bodies is {{c1::the rough endoplasmic reticulum - referred to as Nissl bodies}}
Published	09/07/2023	Histologically, neuronal cell bodies are often {{c1::large, with large, pale staining nuclei and a prominent nucleolus}}
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Dendrites}} are short processes that emanate from the cell body and function as the main sites for {{c2::receiving incoming signals from ot…
Published	09/07/2023	Histologically, the primary differentiating factor between axons and dendrites is {{c1::the presence of Nissl bodies}}
Published	09/07/2023	T/F: Axons contain many microtubules whereas dendrites do not.
Published	09/07/2023	Anterograde movement of cargo toward the axon terminal is accomplished by {{c1::kinesins (toward plus end)}} and retrograde movement toward the c…
Published	09/07/2023	The {{c1::axon hillock}} is the site of action potential initiation.
Published	09/07/2023	Axons can synapse with {{c1::cell body, dendrite, or axon of another neuron}}.
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Glutamate}} is the primary excitatory neurotransmittor while {{c1::GABA}} is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Acetylcholine}} is the neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction.
Published	09/07/2023	As the action potential from the presynaptic neuron travels to the axon terminal, {{c1::calcium}} is released from {{c1::voltage-gated calci…
Published	09/07/2023	In an excitatory synapse, upon neurotransmitter binding, ion channels are opened that let {{c1::positively-}}charged ions into the cell which {{c…
Published	09/07/2023	The glial cells in the PNS include {{c1::Schwann cells and satellite cells}}.
Published	09/07/2023	The glial cells in the CNS include {{c1::oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglia, and ependymal cells.}}
Published	09/07/2023	Schwann cells function to {{c1::insulate peripheral axons and form the myelin sheath}}.
Published	09/07/2023	PNS myelination is achieved by {{c1::Schwann}} cells, whose {{c2::cell membrane}}'s concentrically wrap around the axon.
Published	09/07/2023	{{c2::Schmidt-Lanterman}} clefts are {{c1::rings of Schwann cell cytoplasm that encircle the axon between the myelin}}
Published	09/07/2023	The {{c1::node of Ranvier}} is the {{c2::junction between two adjacent Schwann cells}}.
Published	09/07/2023	Saltatory conduction is achieved by alternating areas of {{c1::myelination}} with {{c1::voltage-gated channels at the nodes of Ranvier}}.
Published	09/07/2023	T/F: only myelinated PNS axons contain associated Schwann cells
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Satellite cells}} provide support to peripheral ganglia neurons
Published	09/07/2023	Astrocytes have many functions. These include {{c1::neurotransmitter reuptake, induction of synapse formation, conveying nutrients and waste to/f…
Published	09/07/2023	The end feet of astrocyte processes contact {{c1::neurons, synapses, capillaries, and the outer surface of the CNS}}.
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Microglia}} are {{c2::neuronal phagocytic cells which engulf cellular debris.}}
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Ependymal cells}} function to secrete CSF. Histologically, you can identify them by {{c2::their (generally) simple columnar shape and prese…
Published	09/07/2023	CNS components are derived from {{c1::neural plate}} whereas PNS components are derived from {{c1::neural crest}}.
Published	09/07/2023	The three types of morphological neuron classifications are {{c1::multipolar, bipolar, and pseudounipolar}}.
Published	09/07/2023	Multipolar neurons have {{c1::multiple processes}}
Published	09/07/2023	Bipolar neurons have {{c1::a dendrite on one end and an axon on the other}}
Published	09/07/2023	Pseudounipolar neurons have {{c1::axons on both ends}}
Published	09/07/2023	Each neuron is surrounded by a plasma membrane and an {{c1::extraceullar basal lamina}}
Published	09/07/2023	Dendritic spines function to {{c1::increase the surface area for synaptic contact}}
Published	09/07/2023	Dendrites have a {{c1::larger}} (larger/smaller) diameter than axons and thus can propagate signals faster.
Published	09/07/2023	Axon hillocks are subject to {{c1::graded potentials}} which, if above a certain threshold, activates {{c2::voltage-gated Na+ channels}}.
Published	09/07/2023	Dendrites generate {{c1::graded}} potentials
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Oligodendrocytes}} myelinate the neurons of the brain and spinal cord.
Status	Last Update	Fields