Notes in Async Sleep Disorders

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	04/30/2024	What is the effect of SSRIs on REM sleep?{{c1::Decreased REM sleep}}
Published	04/30/2024	Caffeine reduces sleep drive by antagonizing {{c1::adenosine::neurotransmitter}}
Published	04/30/2024	What neurotransmitter mediates atonia in REM sleep?{{c1::Glycine (inhibitory)}}
Published	04/30/2024	REM sleep is characterized by {{c1::irregular}} respiratory rate and {{c1::irregular}} tidal volume
Published	04/30/2024	What is the most common sleep disorder?{{c1::Insufficient sleep syndrome}}
Published	04/30/2024	The elderly tend to go to sleep at {{c1::earlier}} times
Published	04/30/2024	{{c1::Zeitgeber}} is a term that describes external cues that we use to set our circadian rhythms
Published	04/30/2024	The most important zeitgeber is {{c1::light}}
Published	04/30/2024	A patient's {{c1::Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI)}} score measures their # apneas + # hypopneas per hour of sleep
Published	04/30/2024	Aside from people with iron deficiency anemia and chronic kidney disease, Restless Leg Syndrome is also more prevalent in patients who are {{c1::…
Published	04/30/2024	What is the best test to diagnose restless leg syndrome?{{c1::Clinical criteria (NO sleep study)}}
Published	04/30/2024	Consciousness is a state of {{c1::awareness}} of one's {{c1::self}} and one's relationship to the {{c1::environment}}
Published	04/30/2024	Lesion studies suggest that the {{c1::pons::midbrain, pons, or medulla}} is responsible for maintaining arousal of the brain
Published	04/30/2024	{{c1::Sleep apnea}} is defined as repeated (>5x/hr) cessation of breathing > {{c2::10}} seconds during sleep
Published	04/30/2024	{{c1::Obstructive}} sleep apnea is caused by respiratory effort against an airway obstruction
Published	04/30/2024	Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with {{c3::increased neck circumference::#1 association}}, {{c1::obesity::risk factor}}, loud {{…
Published	04/30/2024	Treatment for obstructive sleep apnea includes {{c2::weight loss}}, surgery, and {{c1::CPAP}}
Published	04/30/2024	What EEG waveform is emitted when awake with eyes open? {{c1::Beta (highest frequency, lowest amplitude)}}
Published	04/30/2024	What EEG waveform has the highest frequency and lowest amplitude? {{c1::Beta}}
Published	04/30/2024	What EEG waveform is emitted when awake with eyes closed? {{c1::Alpha}}
Published	04/30/2024	What EEG waveform is emitted during light sleep (N1)? {{c1::Theta waves}}
Published	04/30/2024	What EEG waveforms are emitted during deeper sleep (N2)? {{c1::Sleep spindles and K complexes::2}}
Published	04/30/2024	What EEG waveform is emitted during deep "slow wave" sleep (N3)? {{c1::Delta (lowest frequency, highest amplitude)}}
Published	04/30/2024	What sleep EEG waveform has the lowest frequency and highest amplitude? {{c1::Delta}}
Published	04/30/2024	Which stage of sleep is associated with loss of motor tone?{{c1::REM sleep}}
Published	04/30/2024	REM sleep is characterized by {{c1::increased}} brain O2 use and variable pulse and blood pressure
Published	04/30/2024	REM sleep may play a role in {{c1::memory}} processing
Published	04/30/2024	What neurotransmitter is increased during REM sleep? {{c1::Acetylcholine (thus increased vagal tone)}}
Published	04/30/2024	Extraocular movements during REM sleep are due to activity of the {{c1::paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF)}}
Published	04/30/2024	On average, REM sleep occurs every {{c1::90}} minutes, with increasing duration through the night
Published	04/30/2024	Depression is associated with {{c1::increased}} total REM sleep
Published	04/30/2024	Sleep in the elderly is associated with {{c1::decreased}} REM sleep
Published	04/30/2024	What is the effect of benzodiazepines and barbiturates on REM and slow-wave sleep (N3)?{{c1::Decreased REM and slow-wave sleep}}
Published	04/30/2024	What is the effect of alcohol on REM and slow-wave sleep (N3)?{{c1::Decreased REM and slow-wave sleep}}
Published	04/30/2024	What is the effect of norepinephrine on REM sleep?{{c1::Decreased REM sleep}}
Published	04/30/2024	{{c1::Benzodiazepines}} may be used to treat parasomnias in children, such as sleep walking and night terrors
Published	04/30/2024	{{c1::Sleep terror}} disorder is characterized by inconsolable periods of terror with screaming in the middle of the night (stage N3 sleep)
Published	04/30/2024	What are the first-line medical treatments for chronic persistent symptoms of restless legs syndrome?{{c1::Gabapentin or pregabalin (alpha-2-delt…
Published	04/30/2024	What neurological disorder is associated with iron deficiency and chronic kidney disease?{{c1::Restless legs syndrome}}
Published	04/30/2024	Symptoms of restless legs syndrome typically worsen or only occur during the {{c1::night}}time
Published	04/30/2024	Symptoms of restless legs syndrome are partially or totally relieved by {{c1::movement}}
Published	04/30/2024	Restless legs syndrome is characterized by {{c1::unpleasant sensations}} in the legs, and an uncontrollable urge to move when at {{c2::rest}}
Published	04/30/2024	What stage of sleep has an EEG waveform with a low voltage pattern that often appears "saw toothed"?{{c1::REM sleep}}
Published	04/30/2024	What is the recommended treatment for a child with intermittent sleep terrors?{{c1::Reassurance}}
Published	04/30/2024	What is the treatment of choice for chronic insomnia?{{c1::Cognitive behavioral therapy}}
Published	04/30/2024	{{c2::Chronic insomnia}} is defined as difficulty initiating/maintaining sleep or early-morning awakening with inability to return to sleep that occur…
Published	04/30/2024	Excessive fatigue, sleep disturbance, impaired concentration/irritability in an obese person can be suggestive of {{c1::obstructive sleep apnea::diagn…
Published	04/30/2024	{{c1::Severe}} obstructive sleep apnea ≥ 30 AHI/hour{{c1::Moderate}} obstructive sleep apnea 15-30 AHI/hour{{c1::Mild}} obstructive sleep apnea 5-15 A…
Status	Last Update	Fields