Notes in 04_hemostasis

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Published	12/28/2023	What is the goal of primary hemostasis? What process mediates primary hemostasis?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the goal of secondary hemostasis? What process mediates secondary hemostasis?
Published	12/28/2023	How is damage to a vessel wall repaired?
Published	12/28/2023	Where is von Willibrand factor stored (2 locations)?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the 4 steps of primary hemostasis (pay attention to chemical mediators of each)?
Published	12/28/2023	What happens after platelets adhere to the surface of injured vessels? What mediators are involved?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the function of ADP after it is released from an activated platelet?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the function of TXA2 (thromboxin A2) after it is released from an activated platelet?
Published	12/28/2023	What is GPIIb/IIIa's function?
Published	12/28/2023	Is the primary platelet plug a durable or weak structure?
Published	12/28/2023	Disorders of primary hemostasis are due to dysfunction of what?  How are these disorders broadly classified?
Published	12/28/2023	What are classical mucosal symptoms of primary hemostasis (platelet) disorders (5)?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the classic skin bleeding symptoms of primary hemostatic (platelet) disorders (4)? Which of these symptoms is not expected to be seen in pati…
Published	12/28/2023	What is a normal platelet count? How low must it be for symptoms to manifest?
Published	12/28/2023	What can a blood smear tell you about a disorder of primary hemostasis?
Published	12/28/2023	Why do a bone marrow biopsy when dealing with suspected disorder of primary hemostasis?
Published	12/28/2023	What is Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura? How prevalent is it?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the two types of ITP? What initiates each? What is the natural history of each?
Published	12/28/2023	Where are antibody-bound platelets destroyed?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the lab findings of ITP (3)?Platelet count:PT/PTT:Bone marrow biopsy:
Published	12/28/2023	How is ITP (immune thrombocytopenic purpura) treated (3)?
Published	12/28/2023	What can be seen on this peripheral blood smear? What underlying conditions might cause this pathology?
Published	12/28/2023	What is Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura? Who is at risk? What is the pathogenesis?
Published	12/28/2023	What is Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome usually a consequence of?
Published	12/28/2023	What are clinical findings of HUS and TTP (5)?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the laboratory/histological findings for TTP and HUS (4)?
Published	12/28/2023	How are HUS and TTP treated?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the qualitative platelet disorders?
Published	12/28/2023	What causes Bernard-Soulier syndrome? What is the classic finding on blood smear? What results do you expect from a ristocetin cofactor assay?
Published	12/28/2023	What causes Glanzmann thrombasthenia? What result do you expect from a ristocetin cofactor assay?
Published	12/28/2023	How does uremia affect coagulation? What lab values do you expect?
Published	12/28/2023	What does the coagulation cascade ultimately generate?
Published	12/28/2023	Where are the factors of the coagulation cascade produced?
Published	12/28/2023	What does activation of the coagulation cascade factors require (3 options)?
Published	12/28/2023	What usually causes disorders of secondary hemostasis?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the 2 clinical features of disorders of secondary hemostasis?
Published	12/28/2023	What does the PT test stand for and what does it measure?
Published	12/28/2023	What does PTT stand for and what does it measure?
Published	12/28/2023	What is Hemophilia A? Mode of inheritence?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the laboratory findings of Hemophilia A (4)?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the treatment for Hemophilia A?
Published	12/28/2023	What is Hemophilia B (AKA "Christmas disease")?
Published	12/28/2023	What is coagulation factor inhibitor?
Published	12/28/2023	How does one distinguish between Coagulation Factor VIII Inhibitor and Hemophilia A?
Published	12/28/2023	What is Von Willebrand Disease? What is its inheritance pattern? What is the most common subtype?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the laboratory findings of the most common type of Von Willebrand Disease (4)?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the treatment for von Willebrand disease?
Published	12/28/2023	How does Vitamin K deficiency cause secondary coagulation problems?
Published	12/28/2023	3 causes/cases of vitamin K deficiency?
Published	12/28/2023	What is hemorrhagic disease of the newborn?
Published	12/28/2023	Why can liver failure cause a secondary hemostasis issue?  How do we monitor liver failure-related secondary hemostasis issues?
Published	12/28/2023	Why does large-volume transfusion result in secondary hemostasis disorder?
Published	12/28/2023	What is Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia?
Published	12/28/2023	What is DIC?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the two main problems associated with DIC?
Published	12/28/2023	What are 5 common causes of DIC?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the laboratory findings of DIC (5)?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the best screening test for DIC?
Published	12/28/2023	How is disseminated intravascular coagulation treated?
Published	12/28/2023	What is fibrinolysis?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the functions of plasmin (3)?
Published	12/28/2023	What are disorders of fibrinolysis due to?
Published	12/28/2023	How can a radical prostatectomy cause a disorder of fibrinolysis?
Published	12/28/2023	How does cirrhosis of the liver result in a disorder of fibrinolysis?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the laboratory findings of disorders of fibrinolysis (3)?
Published	12/28/2023	How are disorders of fibrinolysis treated?
Published	12/28/2023	What two features distinguish a premortem thrombus from a postmortem clot?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the three major risk factors for thrombosis?
Published	12/28/2023	What is this a picture of?
Published	12/28/2023	Why does disruption in normal blood flow cause thrombosis?
Published	12/28/2023	5 ways in which endothelial cells prevent thrombosis?
Published	12/28/2023	How do cobalamin (vitamin B12) and folate (vitamin B9) deficiencies increase the risk for thrombosis?
Published	12/28/2023	How does a protein C or S deficiency result in a hypercoagulable state?  What complication is associated with protein C or S deficiency?
Published	12/28/2023	How does AT III deficiency result in a hypercoagulable state? How does AT III deficiency affect heparin dosing?
Published	12/28/2023	Why are oral contraceptives associated with a hypercoagulable state?
Published	12/28/2023	What is an embolism?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the most common source of an embolism?
Published	12/28/2023	What are the 5 types of emboli?
Published	12/28/2023	What is the classic presentation of an amniotic fluid embolus (3)?
Published	12/28/2023	What is a pulmonary embolism (PE) typically caused by?
Published	12/28/2023	How do pulmonary embolisms typically present?
Published	12/28/2023	When will a pulmonary embolism cause pulmonary infarction?
Published	12/28/2023	When will a pulmonary embolus cause sudden death? Why does death occur?
Published	12/28/2023	What diagnostic findings would you expect for a patient with a PE (3)?
Published	12/28/2023	What is factor V Leiden and how does it produce a hypercoagulable state?
Published	12/28/2023	What is prothrombin 20210A and how does it impact coagulation?
Published	12/28/2023	A fat embolus is associated with what inciting event? How does it clinically present?
Published	12/28/2023	2 causes of gas emboli?
Published	12/28/2023	3 clinical symptoms of decompression sickness?
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