Notes in 04 Vaccine Development

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Published	01/31/2024	Toxins that require passive immunity in exposed, unvaccinated patients may be remembered with the mnemonic "To Be Healed Very Rapidly": T: {{c1::Tetan…
Published	01/31/2024	Administration of vaccines is an example of {{c1::active}} immunization
Published	01/31/2024	Which type of vaccine induces a strong, often lifelong immunity? {{c1::Live, attenuated vaccines}}
Published	01/31/2024	Which type of vaccine has the potential to revert to a virulent form? {{c1::Live, attenuated vaccines}}
Published	01/31/2024	Live attenuated vaccines are often contraindicated in {{c1::pregnancy}} and {{c2::immunodeficiency}}
Published	01/31/2024	Do live attenuated vaccines induce cellular or humoral responses?{{c1::Both cellular and humoral :)}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the varicella vaccine? {{c1::Live attenuated}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the BCG vaccine? {{c1::Live attenuated}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the intranasal influenza vaccine? {{c1::Live attenuated}}
Published	01/31/2024	Which type of vaccine is a pathogen that has been inactivated by heat or chemicals? {{c1::Inactivated/killed vaccine}}
Published	01/31/2024	What is an advantage of inactivated vaccines compared to live attenuated? {{c1::Inactivated vaccines are safer}}
Published	01/31/2024	Which types of vaccine induce a relatively weak immune response? {{c1::Inactivated/killed vaccines and Subunit vaccine::2}}
Published	01/31/2024	Do killed/inactivated vaccines induce cellular or humoral responses?{{c1::Humoral}}
Published	01/31/2024	What part of an antigen should be preserved to elicit an immune response when given as an inactivated/killed vaccine? {{c1::Epitope}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the rabies vaccine? {{c1::Inactivated/killed}}
Published	01/31/2024	Some killed vaccines are conjugated to a(n) {{c1::protein}} to elicit a stronger immune response (e.g. immunologic memory)
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the MMR vaccine?{{c1::Live, attenuated}}
Published	01/31/2024	Which type of vaccine has the lowest chance of adverse reactions?{{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	Which types of vaccines usually requires booster shots?{{c1::Killed/inactivated vaccine}}
Published	01/31/2024	Which type of vaccine is typically the most expensive?{{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	Which type of vaccine includes only the antigens which best stimulate the immune system? {{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the HBV vaccine? {{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the HPV vaccine? {{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine? {{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine are the Meningococcal vaccines? {{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	Is the conjugate vaccine or the polysaccharide vaccine the only meningococcal vaccine indicated for people older than 55?{{c1::*Conjugate}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine are the pneumococcal vaccines? {{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the Hib vaccine? {{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	Which type of vaccine protects against bacterial toxins?{{c1::Toxoid}}
Published	01/31/2024	Which type of vaccine may require a booster?{{c1::Toxoid}}
Published	01/31/2024	Toxoid vaccines are composed of a denatured bacterial toxin with an intact {{c1::receptor binding site}}
Published	01/31/2024	Does administration of the Toxoid vaccine itself have any potential for causing disease?{{c1::No}}
Published	01/31/2024	To actually have vaccines elicit immune responses in the elderly, an {{c1::increased}} dose or the addition of {{c1::adjuvants}} is necessary.
Published	01/31/2024	{{c2::Herd}} immunity is the idea that if >85% of people are vaccinated, even {{c1::unvaccinated}} people are protected
Published	01/31/2024	Vaccines include {{c1::adjuvants}} to provide danger signals that activate PRRs of the {{c2::innate}} immune system
Published	01/31/2024	{{c1::Alum}} is the most common adjuvant used in modern vaccines. It works by producing {{c2::DAMPs::PAMPs/DAMPs}}
Published	01/31/2024	The suboptimal time for boosting is early in the vaccine response, when {{c1::effector::memory/effector}} cells are dominating the immune re…
Published	01/31/2024	A hapten will generate an immune response when conjugated to a {{c1::carrier}} protein
Published	01/31/2024	The optimal time for boosting is late in the vaccine response, when {{c1::memory::memory/effector}} cells are dominating the immune res…
Published	01/31/2024	{{c1::Antigen depot}} is a substance that aggregates antigen into large complexes and releases antigen slowly over an extended period of time
Published	01/31/2024	Live, attenuated vaccines are the most effective vaccine type against {{c1::viral}} pathogens
Published	01/31/2024	According to BCM lecture, what type of vaccine is the pneumococcal vaccine?{{c1::Carrier}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine are the J&J and AstraZeneca COVID vaccines?{{c1::Recombinant}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine are the Pfizer and Moderna COVID vaccines?{{c1::mRNA}}
Published	01/31/2024	Prior to COVID-19, {{c1::live, attenuated}} vaccines were the only way to get memory killer T cells, because these vaccines led to the production…
Published	01/31/2024	A polysaccharide-only subunit vaccine cannot produce memory cells because it lacks a {{c1::carrier protein}}
Published	01/31/2024	A patient with no B cells but working T cells would be able to respond to what classic type of vaccines?{{c1::Live, attenuated}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is the HBV vaccine?{{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	In the last twenty years, one of the most effective ways we have reduced global child mortality is through {{c1::vaccination programs}}
Published	01/31/2024	Polio has been eradicated from every country in the world except {{c1::Nigeria, Pakistan, and Afghanistan::3}}
Published	01/31/2024	What type of vaccine is Dr. Hotez's Corbevax for COVID-19?{{c1::Subunit}}
Published	01/31/2024	The most broad and least specific system we have to monitor vaccine side effects is {{c1::VAERS}}
Published	01/31/2024	If parents lose the judgment in the "Vaccine Court," can they sue the manufacturer in civil court?{{c1::Yes}}
Published	01/31/2024	Since the "vaccines cause autism" claim has been thoroughly debunked, the majority of modern anti-vaccine sentiment revolves around the {{c1::"he…
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