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Last Update
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Published
02/10/2024
Respiration involves two processes:• a {{c1::physical}} process : ventilation which involves inspiratory and expiratory movement of chest wall • a {{c…
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02/10/2024
The total distance for gas exchange between the alveoli and the capillary is {{c1::0.2}} microns
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02/10/2024
The respiratory system consists of four main layers:1. {{c1::Mucosa}} - epithelium and supporting lamina propria 2. {{c1::Submucosa}} - seromucous gla…
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02/10/2024
The trachea is a wide flexible tube that contains {{c1::20 C-shaped tracheal cartilages}}, which are hyaline in nature, keeps the lumen patent.
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02/10/2024
The gaps between the rings of cartilage are filled by the {{c1::trachealis}} muscle and {{c1::fibroelastic}} tissue.
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02/10/2024
The respiratory mucosa and submucosa are adapted to {{c1::warm and moisten}} the air, and to {{c1::trap foreign particles}} in mucous.
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02/10/2024
The mucosal layer of the Trachea contains {{c1::ciliated pseudostratified columnar}} epithelium with {{c1::goblet}} cells.
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02/10/2024
The submucosal layer of the Trachea contains {{c1::mixed-seromucous glands}} for humidification and trapping particles and bacteria.
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02/10/2024
The {{c1::adventitia}} layer of the Trachea connects and supports it to surrounding tissue.• Contains nerves, vessels and adipose tissue.
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02/10/2024
The Trachea branches into two primary bronchi, then into secondary, then tertiary.As you go down from extra to intra pulmonary bronchi it contains les…
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02/10/2024
Bronchioles have a diameter of 1mm or less ciliated columnar epithelium (non-ciliated and cuboidal in smaller bronchioles, eg. terminal bronchiol…
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02/10/2024
Bronchi vs Bronchioles
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Describe the organization of respiratory tubes.
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The epithelia of larger bronchioles (1 mm diameter) is made up of {{c1::ciliated columnar}} epithelium, while smaller bronchioles e.g. respirator…
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02/10/2024
The epithelium of the alveoli, contains two main types of cells[1] {{c1::Type I pneumocytes}} → gas exchange[2] {{c1::Type II pneumocytes}} …
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02/10/2024
Macrophages are known as {{c1::dust}} cells due to their brownish appearance
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02/10/2024
Gaseous exchange takes place between the {{c1::endothelial cell of the capillary, basement membrane and type I pneumocyte}}
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02/10/2024
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02/10/2024
Conducting portion vs Respiratory portion
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02/10/2024
Summary of Respiratory System (revision)
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02/10/2024
The type II pneumocyte represents some {{c1::60%}} of cells in the lining epithelium
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02/10/2024
C → {{c1::C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage}}T → {{c1::trachealis muscle}}LM → {{c1::longitudinal muscle}}
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