Notes in L03 - Tumour Biology: Mechanism of Mutations

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Published	02/02/2025	What are the two ways cancers can spread from their original primary site?
Published	02/02/2025	What are the three steps for the metastasis and survival of a new tumour?
Published	02/02/2025	Describe oxygen levels in tumour tissue.What are aerobic cells and normoxic regions?What are hypoic viable cells and hypoxic regions?
Published	02/02/2025	What is HIF?What are its subunits?What does it do in normoxic conditions?What does it do in hypoxic conditions?What other factors affect it?What are v…
Published	02/02/2025	How do cells in normoxia get ATP?Why do cells undergo glycolytic switching?How do they achieve this?
Published	02/02/2025	Why do cancer cells like doing glycolysis even in aerobic conditions? (Warburg effect)
Published	02/02/2025	What are the main steps of the metastatic cascade and what do they require?
Published	02/02/2025	What are the components of an adherens junction?
Published	02/02/2025	What is E-cadherin anchorage to the cytoskeleton of the cell dependent on?What can happen to this protein?How is it regulated?
Published	02/02/2025	How can B-catenin end up being accumulated?What does this lead to?
Published	02/02/2025	Where is EMT normally implicated?Is it reversible?What does it describe?What is it regulated by?How is it linked to hypoxia?What are the affected mark…
Published	02/02/2025	What do cancer cells require to invade the extracellular matrix? Where are these normally found?What does invasion also require?What are the thre…
Published	02/02/2025	How does intravasation occur?What are tumour cell arrests?
Published	02/02/2025	What are the two competing explanations for cancer colonisation and survival?Which one's correct? Use examples.
Published	02/02/2025	What is the metastatic niche?How can cancer cells build one?What are its stages of formation?
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