Notes in Clin_Epi

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	11/07/2024	A highly Sensitive test, when Negative, helps us rule {{c1::out::in/out?}} a disease.
Published	11/07/2024	A highly Specific test, when Positive, helps us rule {{c1::in::in/out?}} a disease
Published	11/07/2024	Specificity is the probability that someone {{c1::without::with/without?}} the disease has a {{c1::negative::positive/negative?}} test for the disease…
Published	11/07/2024	Sensitivity is the proportion of people {{c1::with::with/without?}} the disease whohave a {{c2::positive::positive/negative?}} test for the disease
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Positive predictive value}} is the post-test probability of disease given a positive test.
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Negative predictive value}} is the post-test probability ofNO disease among those with a negative test.
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::1-NPV}} is the post-test probability of disease among those with a negative test.
Published	11/07/2024	Only the {{c1::predictive value (PPV, NPV, 1-NPV)}} varies depending on the initial prevalence of the condition.
Published	11/07/2024	Prevalence is the {{c1::proportion of a group of people having a disease at a given point in time}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Incidence is based on {{c1::new}} cases of disease.Prevalence is based on {{c1::all (new and old)}} cases of disease.
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Incidence}} is based on cases that develop over a specified period of time.{{c1::Prevalence}} is based on cases that exist at a single poi…
Published	11/07/2024	Cumulative incidence is the {{c1::number of new cases of disease in the population at risk of getting the disease over a given period of time.}}
Published	11/07/2024	Case fatality rate = {{c1::# deaths from a disease in a given time period / number of persons who have that disease}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Mortality rate = {{c1::# deaths in a given time period / population at risk of dying}}.
Published	11/07/2024	YOU CANNOT INTERPRET THE MEANING OF A DIAGNOSTIC TEST RESULT WITHOUT KNOWING THE {{c1::PRE-TEST PROBABILITY}}.
Published	11/07/2024	Primary prevention intervenes {{c1::before}} disease.
Published	11/07/2024	Secondary prevention involves measures that help {{c1::identify and treat}} disease while in the asymptomatic phase.
Published	11/07/2024	Tertiary prevention involves measures that {{c1::treat}} disease.
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Lead time}} bias occurs when a condition is found earlier by screening, but the actual time the person would have lived (lifespan) is not…
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Length time}} bias (or {{c1::length}} bias) is an overestimation of survival duration due to the relative excess of cases detected th…
Published	11/07/2024	Randomized controlled trials minimize lead-time bias by comparing “{{c1::mortality}} rates” instead of "survival rates".
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Medical Sub Headings}} (MeSH) terms are the primary way that MEDLINE organizes and indexes individual articles in the medical literature.
Published	11/07/2024	A good focused clinical question has four components (PICO): {{c1::patient/problem, intervention, comparison, outcome.}}
Published	11/07/2024	LOWERING a cut-off value results in {{c1::higher::higher/lower}} {{c2::sensitivity::sensitivity/specificity}} and {{c2::NPV::PPV/NPV}}.As well as a {{…
Published	11/07/2024	RAISING a cut-off value results in {{c1::lower::higher/lower}} {{c2::sensitivity::sensitivity/specificity}} and {{c2::NPV::PPV/NPV}}.As well as a…
Published	11/07/2024	Criteria in order to implement a screening test:1. {{c1::Disease: The disease must cause a substantial burden of suffering, must be relatively co…
Published	11/07/2024	{{c1::Screening}} is testing for a health problem when there are no recognized signs or symptoms that would indicate the presence of the problem.
Status	Last Update	Fields