Notes in 8_4 Cell_Structure

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Published	08/28/2024	What are the three main categories of cytoskeletal structures?
Published	08/28/2024	When it comes to nuclear organization, 1. the {{c1::nuclear envelope}} encloses the nucleus, and is composed of concentric inner and outer membra…
Published	08/28/2024	The nucleolus is a structure within the nucleus and is critical for {{c1::ribosome biogenesis.}} Disruption of this structure is associated with …
Published	08/28/2024	The mitochondria is composed of an inner and outer membrane. The inner membrane is folded into cristae and is the site of 5 complexes ({{c1::4}} …
Published	08/28/2024	Name four functions of the smooth ER.
Published	08/28/2024	Translation is catalyzed by {{c1::ribosomes}}.
Published	08/28/2024	Protein modifications begin in which cellular structure?
Published	08/28/2024	Name three categories of protein modification that occur in the RER.
Published	08/28/2024	Most of the proteins that move through the RER are transported to other regions of the cell. Before doing so, they are transported through the {{…
Published	08/28/2024	Name three types of coated vesicles.
Published	08/28/2024	{{c1::Lysosomes}} remove waste products and unwanted materials from the cell. Their intracellular environment is acidic due to the presence of proton …
Published	08/28/2024	Three general autophagic pathways include: {{c1::Macroautophagy}} - nonspecific, destroys organelles, simulated by expression of autophagy-relate…
Published	08/28/2024	{{c1::Proteasomes}} are cytoplasmic and nuclear protein complexes. They are made of Myriad proteases, enzymes that cut up proteins into small peptides…
Published	08/28/2024	Peroxisomes are similar to lysosomes, but they are smaller and contain {{c1::oxidases}}. They are the primary site of {{c2::fatty acid degenerati…
Published	08/28/2024	Cytoskeletal structures{{c1::Microtubules}} are dynamic and used in cell transport. {{c1::Intermediate filaments}} are stable and used in interna…
Published	08/28/2024	Within the mitochondria,the {{c1::intermembrane space}} is proton rich, and is the site of the electron transport change. the {{c1::matrix}} is t…
Published	08/28/2024	Lysosomes contain {{c1::proton pumps}} within the membrane to ensure the environment is acidic.
Published	08/28/2024	Lysosomes form when {{c1::late endosomes}} receive enzymes from the golgi.
Published	08/28/2024	{{c1::Acid phosphatase}} and {{c1::lipofuscin}} are examples of substances making up undigested substrate that can accumulate as lysosomal residual bo…
Published	08/28/2024	{{c1::Endosomes}} are formed when EGF binds to the EGF receptor on the plasma membrane. The complex of EGF and the EGF receptor are endocytosed i…
Published	08/28/2024	Kinesin is an {{c1::anterograde (towards axon terminal)}} transporter while dinesin is a {{c1::retrograde}} transporter
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