Notes in 06 Limbic System

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	Three structures included in the hippocampal formation {{c1::HippocampusDentate gyrusSubiculum}}
Published	07/30/2024	Two remnants of hippocampal formation as they travel inferiorly to temporal lobe of cerebral cortex{{c1::Medial & lateral longitudinal striaeIndus…
Published	07/30/2024	The hippocampus initially originates {{c1::dorsally}}, then migrates into a more ventral and medial position in the temporal lobe.
Published	07/30/2024	Determine the structures labeled as 1, and 2Context: 5 - lateral geniculate body 6 - temporal horn of lateral ventricle{{c1::1 - Dentate gyr…
Published	07/30/2024	Determine the structures labeled as 3 and 4Context: 5 - lateral geniculate body 6 - temporal horn of lateral ventricle{{c1::3 - Subiculum&nb…
Published	07/30/2024	Transition zone between hippocampus proper and parahippocampal gyrus{{c1::Subiculum}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Layers of Hippocampal formation Composed of PRINCIPAL NEURONS: glutaminergic (excitatory)A. Molecular B. Pyramidal C. Stratum Orie…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Layers of Hippocampal formation Composed of INTRINSIC NEURONS: basket cells (inhibitory)A. Molecular B. Pyramidal C. Stratum Orien…
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Participate in outflow tract of hippocampal formation 1. Pyramidal layer 2. Polymorphic layer {{c1::A}}
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Published	07/30/2024	General content of molecular layer {{c1::Axons and dendrites from cells layer below}}
Published	07/30/2024	T or FTo differentiate the dentate gyrus from the hippocampus proper, the output tract of the dentate gyrus leaves the hippocampal formation{{c1::Fals…
Published	07/30/2024	The fornix is the output pathway of the hippocampus, but the axons does not only come from the hippocampus but also the {{c1::subiculum}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Contribute to output of hippocampal formation 1. Subiculum 2. Dentate{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Most hypoxic sensitive part of the hippocampal formation {{c1::Cornu ammonis of hippocampus (CA1)}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Medium vulnerability to hypoxia 1. CA1 field of hippocampus2. CA4 field of hippocampus{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Hippocampal field that is termed as the Sommer's sector{{c1::Cornu Ammonis (CA) 1}}
Published	07/30/2024	Hippocampal field that is termed as the Bratz sector{{c1::Cornu Ammonis (CA) 4}}
Published	07/30/2024	Specific region of the parahippocampal gyrus that send synapse to hippocampus{{c1::Cells of the entorhinal cortex (anterior part of parahippocampal gy…
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Main input to hippocampus1. Perforant pathway 2. Alvear pathway {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Receives multimodal sensory input regarding sensory1. Perforant pathway 2. Alvear pathway {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Subicular area1. Perforant pathway 2. Alvear pathway {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Ventricular surface1. Perforant pathway 2. Alvear pathway {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Gatewaby between cerebral cortex and hippocampus {{c1::Entorhinal area of parahippocampus}}
Published	07/30/2024	Which hippocampal formation structure contain mossy fibers?{{c1::Dentate gyrus - granular layer}}
Published	07/30/2024	4cde5efaf81d4a509fd405d9564415ac-oa-1
Published	07/30/2024	4cde5efaf81d4a509fd405d9564415ac-oa-2
Published	07/30/2024	The fornix arises from neurons in the {{c1::subiculum}} and the {{c1::hippocampus}}
Published	07/30/2024	As the fornix approaches the anterior commissure, it divides into:{{c1::small precommissural bundle - derived from hippocampuslarge postcommissural bu…
Published	07/30/2024	Output from the hippocampus would mainly consist of axons from the subiculum and hippocampus to form the {{c1::FORNIX}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Postcommissural fornix1. Originate from subiculum2. Originate from hippocampus{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Most of postcommissural fornix terminate in these three structures:{{c1::● Medial mammillary nucleus (MAJORITY)● Ventromedial nucleus of the hypothala…
Published	07/30/2024	At some point, fornix will divide into postcommissural and precommissural fornix at level of {{c1::ANTERIOR COMMISSURE}}
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Published	07/30/2024	Internal Pathway of Entohirnal CircuitryLimbic association areas → Entorhinal cortex → {{c1::Dentate Granule}} Cells → Mossy fibers (granule cell axon…
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Published	07/30/2024	53b1d9fee852480bbb08dc162d5411b3-oa-2
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Amygdalar nuclei: Related to olfaction1. Basolateral group2. Corticomedial-central group{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Amygdalar nuclei: well developed in humans for emotional significance1. Basolateral group2. Corticomedial-central group{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Regulating visceral responses to emotional stimuli1. Basolateral cell group2. Corticomedial-central cell group{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Receive hypothalamic input1. Corticomedial-central cell group2. Basolateral cell group {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	What are the 2 major efferent pathways of amygdaloid complex?{{c1::Ventral Amygdalofugal PathwayStria Terminalis}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Ventral Amygdalofugal Pathway: descend diffusely in the brainstem1. basolateral cells2. central nucleus{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Ventral Amygdalofugal Pathway: synapse in the hypothalamus and septal nuclei1. basolateral cells2. central nucleus{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Structure along ventral amydalofugal pathway that receive synapse from basolateral cells and project to cortex for respond stimuli {{c1::Substant…
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Arise from corticomedial nuclei of amygdala  efferent connection1. Stria terminalis2. Ventral amygdalofugal {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	What connects the frontolimbic area to the habenula in the midbrain?{{c1::Stria Medullaris Thalami}}
Published	07/30/2024	Stria Medullaris Thalami Connections Hippocampus and amygdala → {{c1::Septal nuclei }}→ Habenular nuclei → {{c1::Midbrain}}
Published	07/30/2024	Familiarize Septal Nuclei Connections{{c1::}}
Published	07/30/2024	b6b58f79ca644058ae441fe9b6582a80-oa-1
Published	07/30/2024	b6b58f79ca644058ae441fe9b6582a80-oa-2
Published	07/30/2024	Two main functions of hippocampus {{c1::Mediation of learning Formation of memory}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Preserved in people with Alzheimer’s disease1. Episodic memory 2. Semantic memory {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Memory of culturally and educationally1. Episodic memory 2. Semantic memory {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Personally experience facts1. Episodic memory 2. Semantic memory {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Remote Memory1. Short term memory 2. Long term memory {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Working Memory1. Short term memory 2. Long term memory {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Two forms of explicit memory {{c1::Episodic memory Semantic memory}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Procedural memory1. Implicit memory 2. Explicit memory{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Factual information1. Implicit memory 2. Explicit memory{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. No new information is retained beyond the span of 40-60 seconds1. Anterograde amnesia2. Retrograde amnesia{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Preserved in Alzheimer's disease1. Episodic memory 2. Implicit memory {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Two structures of limbic system that is CRITICAL for episodic memory {{c1::HippocampusParahippocampal gyrus}}
Published	07/30/2024	The process that makes the temporarily stored and still labile information more stable{{c1::Consolidation}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Repetition}} is the key to long-term potential
Published	07/30/2024	Main inherent limbic system pahway that is responsible for long term potentiation{{c1::Perforant pathway in the dentate gyrus and at the CA3-CA1 synap…
Published	07/30/2024	Ion/NT that hinders long term potentiation{{c1::Magnesium block on NMDA receptor of post-synaptic neuron}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cerebral cortex lobe associated with long-term memory consolidation {{c1::Medial temporal lobes}}
Published	07/30/2024	Which two specific areas of limbic system is FIRST affected in patients with Alzheimer's disease{{c1::SubiculumEntorhinal cortices}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Entorhinal cortex}} is the link between the hippocampal formation to your cerebral cortex that is why it can consolidate your memory to a long t…
Published	07/30/2024	Deficient nutrient in patients with Korsakoff syndrome{{c1::Thiamine (B1) deficiency}}
Published	07/30/2024	Clinical manifestation of patients with Korsakoff syndrome{{c1::DementiaConfabulation}}
Published	07/30/2024	Limbic system components affected in patients with Korsakoff syndrome{{c1::Mammillary bodiesDM nucleus of thalamusColumns of fornixHippocampal formati…
Published	07/30/2024	T or FKorsakoff syndrome progression is reversible {{c1::False}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Acute form 1. Wernicke encephalopathy2. Korsakoff syndrome {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Reversible1. Wernicke encephalopathy2. Korsakoff syndrome {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Subiculum and entorhinal cortices primary affected1. Alzheimer's disease2. Korsakoff syndrome {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Mamillary bodies primarily affected1. Alzheimer's disease2. Korsakoff syndrome {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Aside from the dementia, there is glaze palsies and ataxiaA. Alzheimer's diseaseB. Korsakoff syndromeC. Wernicke encephalopathy {{c1::C…
Published	07/30/2024	Limbic system regions associated with aversion/aggressive behavior {{c1::Hippocampus Amygdala}}
Published	07/30/2024	Limbic system regions associated with gratification/addiction{{c1::Nucleus accumbens}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Activation of hippocampal formation close to amygdala1. Induce aggression2. Suppress aggression{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Activation of hippocampal formation close to septal formation1. Induce aggression2. Suppress aggression{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Specific limbic system area affected in patients with Kluver-Bucy syndrome {{c1::Amygdaloid complex}}
Published	07/30/2024	Clinical manifestation of cingulate gyrus {{c1::Akinetic mutismMemory }}
Published	07/30/2024	Clinical condition: May not show fear or anger even when such a reaction is appropriate{{c1::Placidity}}
Published	07/30/2024	Clinical condition: Inability to recognize objects by touch despite intact proprioception and cutaneous sensation{{c1::Tactile agnosia}}
Published	07/30/2024	Clinical condition: Compulsion to intensively explore the immediate environment{{c1::Hypermetamorphosis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Old term for temporal lobe seizure{{c1::Psychomotor seizure}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cause of complex partial seizure{{c1::Damage to the mesial temporal lobes}}
Published	07/30/2024	Sensory associated symptom with temporal seizure{{c1::Gustatory or olfactory hallucinations}}
Published	07/30/2024	Seizures that start in the area of the uncus may be associated with {{c1::olfactory or gustatory}} hallucinations
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Second level of limbic system Implicated in certain addictive behaviorsA. Nucleus accumbensB. Nuclei of hypothalamus C. Amygdaloid comp…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Second level of limbic system Functional part of the limbic system because of its intimate interconnectionsA. Nucleus accumbensB. Nucle…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Second level of limbic system Major role in formation of emotions and driveA. Nucleus accumbensB. Nuclei of hypothalamus C. Amygdaloid …
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Second level of limbic system Primary cholinergic source of our brain so we are able to process properly and wake upA. Nucleus accumbensB. N…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Second level of limbic system Contains nucleus basalis of MeynertA. Nucleus accumbensB. Nuclei of hypothalamus C. Amygdaloid complexD. …
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Second level of limbic system Role in behavior and spatial learningA. Habenular nuclei B. Ventral tegmental areaC. Periaqueductal gray&…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Second level of limbic system Responsible for behavior and proper behavior in social normsA. Habenular nuclei B. Ventral tegmental area…
Published	07/30/2024	Main efferent bundle of limbic system{{c1::Fornix}}
Published	07/30/2024	Primary output fiber of the amygdaloid complex{{c1::Ventral amygdalofugal pathway}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Major category of cerebral cortex1. Neocortex/Isocortex2. Allocrotex{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Most structures of the limbic system1. Neocortex2. Allocortex{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	c81c2b6cd0c642e8ad7c4d026d9860c1-oa-1
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Published	07/30/2024	General brain region that are/is supplied by anterior cerebral artery {{c1::Anterior and medial regions}}
Published	07/30/2024	General brain region that are/is supplied by Middle Cerebral Artery{{c1::Lateral Region}}
Published	07/30/2024	General brain region that are/is supplied by Posterior Cerebral Artery{{c1::Posterior lobeBrain stemCerebellum}}
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