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Published	08/27/2024	Page 01What is the aim of surface anatomy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 01What does surface anatomy provide knowledge of?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 01What skills should be demonstrated to work productively with others in histology?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 02What is the primary composition of fascia?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 02What is the purpose of pathology?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 02What is a biopsy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 03What runs through the superficial fascia to attach dermis to deep fascia?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 02What is the difference between benign and malignant neoplasms?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 04What is investing fascia?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 04What is an intermuscular septum?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 06What is the function of a retinaculum?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 06What is the purpose of a bursa?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 06What is the role of tendon sheaths?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 09What are the two main divisions of the skeleton?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 09What are the components of the axial skeleton?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 04What are the three parts of tissue preparation?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 04What is the purpose of tissue fixation?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 04What is the commonly used fixative for tissue fixation?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 04What is a paraffin block used for?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 05What is the aim of tissue processing?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 05How is water removed from the tissue during tissue processing?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 05What is used to clear alcohol during tissue processing?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 05What is the sequence of steps in tissue processing using a tissue processor?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 05What is the material used for embedding tissue in tissue processing?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 11How would you describe a condyle in bone anatomy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 06What is the usual thickness of tissue sections?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 06What can create difficulty in diagnosis of tissue sections?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 12What is an epicondyle?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 06What can cause artifacts in tissue sections?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 06What is the process of adding color to tissue sections for microscopic examination?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 07How small is a micrometer (μm) in relation to a millimeter?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 13What does the term 'spine' refer to in bone anatomy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 07What is the diameter of a red blood cell in micrometers (μm)?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 07What is the internal ruler used while looking through the microscope?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 07What is another name for a micrometer (μm)?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 08What can dissolve mucus during tissue processing and staining?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 08What happens to goblet cells when mucus is dissolved in water?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 08What can dissolve fat during tissue processing and staining?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 08What happens to fat cells when fat is dissolved in alcohol?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 16What are the types of cartilage?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 16Where is hyaline cartilage found?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 16Where is elastic cartilage found?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 16Where is fibrocartilage found?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 10What component of the light microscope gives resolution?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 10Does the eye piece increase resolution in a light microscope?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 10How is lens power written in a light microscope?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 17What is the function of an aponeurosis?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 19What are the three types of muscle tissue?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20What are the two key attachment sites of a muscle?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20How are some muscles named based on function?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 10What is used between the objective and the tissue (slide) in a light microscope to achieve 100X oil immersion?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 10For what context is oil immersion used in a light microscope?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 11What is resolution in the context of viewing images?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 11What is the resolution with the naked eye?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 11What is the resolution with a light microscope?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 11What is the resolution with a scanning electron microscope?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 11What is the resolution with a transmission electron microscope?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 11What happens to the resolution when an image is enlarged?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21What is another name for circular muscles?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21What is the defining feature of multiheaded muscles?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 13What is virtual microscopy also known as?
Published	08/27/2024	How mobile are fibrous joints?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 17How is resolution defined?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 25What is the definition of a synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 25What are the structures of a synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 25What is the function of the synovial membrane in a synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 19What is the main purpose of performing a frozen section or intraoperative consultation on a previously confirmed malignancy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 19How long does it take from removing the tissue from the patient to giving a diagnosis during a frozen section?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 19What instrument is used to freeze the tissue and cut the frozen tissue for microscopic section during a frozen section?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What type of movement occurs in a plane synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What type of movement occurs in a hinge synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20What does H&E stand for in histology?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What type of movement occurs in a condyloid synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20What does TEM stand for in electron microscopy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20How do electrons interact with the tissue in TEM?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20What does SEM stand for in electron microscopy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20How do electrons interact with the tissue in SEM?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20What type of images does SEM provide?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 27What do parallelling veins do in relation to the blood supply of joints?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21What are some conditions that EM assists in diagnosing?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21What is the significance of dynein arms in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21Why do we use EM instead of HE stain in determining kidney disease?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 22What stain is used for electron microscopy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 22What is the term for areas where electrons pass freely through the section and produce a light appearance in electron microscopy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 23What is the Freeze Fracture technique also known as?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 24What is the purpose of illuminating the sample with polarized light?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 24What color birefringence does amyloid stained by Congo red show in polarized light?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 24What can a polarizing microscope detect in tissues?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 24Will suture material show birefringence in polarized light on an H&E stained slide?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 25What is the purpose of Confocal microscopy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What color does Hematoxylin stain the nucleus?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What type of substances does Hematoxylin bind to?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What color does Eosin stain the cytoplasm and cell membrane?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What type of substances does Eosin bind to?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What is made clearly visible by the staining with Eosin?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 28Why is it difficult to identify Helicobacter Pylori in HE stain?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 28What is another name for Silver stain?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 28What is impregnated with silver in Silver stain?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 28What should you know about reticular fibers in relation to silver stain?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 29What is Perls Prussian blue commonly used to stain for?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 29What does Prussian blue identify in a liver biopsy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 29What are liver cells also known as?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 31What is the dual function of osmium tetroxide?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 31What color does the reaction of osmium with lipid produce at the light microscopic level?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 32What does the oil red O (ORO) stain identify in tissues?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 32Why are cryostat sections of tissue necessary for oil red O (ORO) staining?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 32What is the advantage of oil red O (ORO) stain
Published	08/27/2024	Page 32In what type of tissue can oil red O (ORO) stain be useful in identifying fat emboli?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 33What is the clinical utility of injecting lower animals with trypan blue?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 33What is supravital staining used for in microscopy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 33How does trypan blue stain behave in live cells?
Published	08/27/2024	What color does trypan blue stain in incubated blood in supravital staining? What is stained?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 33What do supravital stains like new methylene blue or brilliant cresyl blue stain in blood smears?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 35What stains are commonly used to stain elastic material and elastic fibers?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 35What color does Verhoeff Van Gieson (vVG) stain elastic material and elastic fibers?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 35What color does aldehyde fuchsin stain elastic material and fibers?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 36What is the main purpose of Immunofluorescence (IF)?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 36How does the resolution of Immunofluorescence (IF) compare to immunohistochemistry (IHC)?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 36For what type of tissues is Immunofluorescence (IF) ideal?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 36What is a drawback of using Immunofluorescence (IF)?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 36What is the main purpose of immunohistochemistry (IHC)?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 36What is the role of Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in immunohistochemistry (IHC)?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 37What is the main clinical use of Immunofluorescence (IF) staining?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 37How is Immunofluorescence (IF) staining different from Immunohistochemistry (IHC)?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 37What is a drawback of Immunofluorescence (IF) staining other than being expensive?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 38What is the significance of the absence of basal cells in carcinoma of the prostate?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 38How can pathologists confirm the presence of basal cells in the prostate?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 38What color is a positive immunohistochemical stain typically seen as?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 38What are 34 βE12 and p63 considered as in the context of basal cells?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 39What is the process of removing calcium from tissues prior to embedding?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 39What is EDTA used for in tissue preparation?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 39Which tissues may contain calcium deposits that require decalcification?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 02What is fascia?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 02What are the functions of fascia?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 03What is fascia?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 03Where is the superficial fascia located?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 04What is deep fascia?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 04What is the function of deep fascia?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 09What are the components of the appendicular skeleton?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 09What are the characteristics of long bones?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 09Give an example of a short bone.
Published	08/27/2024	Page 09Which bones are considered flat bones?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 09Which bones are classified as irregular bones?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 09What are sesamoid bones and give an example?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 10What are the general features of the head of a bone?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 10What is the principal mass of a bone known as?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 10What is the shaft of a long bone also referred to as?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 12How is a crest different from a line?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 12What is a trochanter?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 12What is a malleolus?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 13What is a protuberance in relation to bone?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 13What is a "process" as defined in bone anatomy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 13What is a tubercle in bone anatomy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 13How is a tuberosity described in bone anatomy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 14What is a fossa?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 14How would you describe a fovea?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 14What is a notch in relation to bones?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 14What is a foramen in bone anatomy?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 14How would you define a groove or sulcus in bone structure?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 17What is the function of a tendon?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 17What is the function of a ligament?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 17What is the function of menisci?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20How are some muscles named based on attachment?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 20How are muscles classified by position and length?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21What are the characteristics of flat muscles?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21How are muscle fascicles arranged in pennate muscles?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21What is the shape of fusiform muscles?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21How do muscle attachments and tendons work in convergent muscles?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 21What are the characteristics of quadrate muscles?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 23Provide an example of a fibrous joint in the body involving an interosseous membrane.
Published	08/27/2024	Page 25What is the role of accessory ligaments in a synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 25What is the purpose of the joint cavity in a synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 25What is the function of articular cartilage in a synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What type of movement occurs in a saddle synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What type of movement occurs in a ball and socket synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 26What type of movement occurs in a pivot synovial joint?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 27What are anastomoses in relation to blood supply of joints?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 27Why do joints with large amounts of mobility have anastomoses?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 28What is Hilton's Law related to?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 28What do articular nerves transmit?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 28What is proprioception?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 31What movement occurs in the sagittal plane?
Published	08/27/2024	Page 31What movement occurs in the coronal/frontal plane?
Published	08/27/2024	Define Capacitation
Published	08/27/2024	c80e991a1d3d464198115acf88fe9d69-ao-1
Published	08/27/2024	What is the zona pelicida
Published	08/27/2024	How does sperm digest the zona pellucida? Then, what happens?
Published	08/27/2024	What are pronuclei? Female and Male
Published	08/27/2024	What is cleavage?
Published	08/27/2024	What do we call the 16-32 cell stage?
Published	08/27/2024	What is the group of cells that attach to the outside edge around day 6 of embryonic development?
Published	08/27/2024	What is the process by which the blastocyst burrows into and embeds within the endometrium around day 7 to late in the 2nd week?
Published	08/27/2024	What is another name for the embroblast?
Published	08/27/2024	what type of protein? What is their purpose?
Published	08/27/2024	What is the difference between the e-phase and the P-face? Which has more protein?
Published	08/27/2024	Why is it called Euchromatin?
Published	08/27/2024	What is the color difference between hetero and euchromatin?
Published	08/27/2024	Nucleolus stains intensely with ?, which stains ?
Published	08/27/2024	Which protein binds p53, a protein that regulates the cell cycle?
Published	08/27/2024	The nucleous is not always found in the same place of every cell. Therefore, how can we describe where the nucleus in a cell? (3)
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