Notes in 1. Physiology

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	02/10/2024	Important Substances for RBC Production include {{c1::Iron}} {{c1::B12}} {{c1::Folic acid}} {{c1::Erythropoietin}}
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Erythropoietin}} is a hormone made in kidney in response to hypoxia which stimulates release of RBCs
Published	02/10/2024	Normal RBC Lifespan is {{c1::120 days}}
Published	02/10/2024	Oxygen Dissociation Curve to the Right (Affinity and Causes) {{c1::Right (Generous) — right path, gives more, so less affinity Decreased pH (Acidosis…
Published	02/10/2024	Oxygen Dissociation Curve to the Left (Affinity and Causes){{c1::Left (Selfish) — left path, gives less, so more affinity Increased pH Decreased…
Published	02/10/2024	Total body Iron is approx. {{c1::4g}}
Published	02/10/2024	The control of Iron is by {{c1::absorption from the duodenum}} approx 1-2 mg per day
Published	02/10/2024	Iron is absorbed by binding to {{c1::mucosal ferritin}} or transported by {{c1::ferroportin}} across the basement membrane
Published	02/10/2024	Iron is bound to {{c1::Transferrin}} in {{c2::Plasma}} and then stored as {{c1::Ferritin}} mainly in the {{c2::Liver}}
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Hepcidin}} blocks {{c2::ferroportin}} in the duodenal basement membrane in response to increased iron levels and inflammationto reduce intestina…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Coagulation}} is the process by which {{c2::blood changes from a liquid into a blood clot, to cause the cessation of blood loss from a blood ves…
Published	02/10/2024	Coagulation involves the {{c1::activation}}, {{c1::adhesion}} and {{c1::aggregation}} of platelets, and the {{c1::deposition}} of fibrin.
Published	02/10/2024	Normal Haemostatic Response Primary: {{c1::Platelet Plug Formation, Platelets, vWF, Wall}} Secondary: {{c1::Fibrin Plug Formation}}
Published	02/10/2024	Stages of Haemostasis {{c1::Vascular}} Phase {{c1::Platelet}} Phase {{c1::Coagulation}} Phase
Published	02/10/2024	Describe the Vascular Phase {{c1::Vasoconstriction when damage occurs to the vessel’s wall}} {{c1::It can last from 30 mins to a few hrs and can compl…
Published	02/10/2024	Describe the Platelet Phase (Within 15 seconds of injury) {{c1::Platelets are able to: contract because they contain actin and myosin produce prostagl…
Published	02/10/2024	Describe the Coagulation Phase (Within 30 seconds of injury) {{c1::This describes the process by which fibrinogen becomes fibrin Fibrinogen becomes ac…
Published	02/10/2024	Describe the Intrinsic Pathway in the Coagulation Phase Begins in the blood stream when the blood is exposed to collagen {{c1::Factor XII → XIIa due t…
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c2::Intrinsic}} Pathway ultimately produces {{c1::IXa + VIIIa → Factor X activating factor (Tenase)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Describe the Extrinsic Pathway in the Coagulation Phase Beings in the vessel wall when damaged endothelial cells release {{c1::factor III (T…
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c2::Extrinsic}} Pathway ultimately produces {{c1::TF-VIIa complex}}
Published	02/10/2024	The First Step of the Common Pathway involves {{c1::X}} → {{c1::Xa (Prothrombinase)}} under {{c2::TF-VIIa}} or {{c2::IXa-VIIIa (Tenase)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Describe the Common Pathway in the Coagulation Phase{{c1::X → Xa (Prothrombinase) under TF-VIIa or IXa-VIIIa (Tenase)}}{{c1::Xa + Va is an i…
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c2::Common}} Pathway ultimately causes {{c1::Cross-Linking of Fibrin strands when Fibrinogen → Fibrin under Thrombin}}
Published	02/10/2024	Regulation of the Pathways (Intrinsic, Extrinsic, Common) {{c1::Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)}} — protein that directly inhibits {{c2::Xa (Pr…
Published	02/10/2024	Examples of Natural Anticoagulants {{c1::Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)}} {{c1::Protein C and S}} {{c1::Antithrombin}}
Published	02/10/2024	Describe the Process of Fibrinolysis{{c1::Release of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) by damaged endothelial cells}}{{c1::Plasminogen → Plasmin unde…
Published	02/10/2024	The {{c1::Extrinsic}} pathway of Coagulation relies on {{c2::tissue factor (III)}}
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Prothrombin Time (PT)}} is a measurement of how quickly a small clot forms, which relies on the {{c2::extrinsic}} pathway.
Published	02/10/2024	{{c2::Warfarin}} is a medication monitored using the {{c1::INR}} which uses {{c1::Prothrombin Time (PT)}} to measure how quickly a clot forms, wh…
Published	02/10/2024	Normal INR is between {{c1::0.9}} and {{c1::1.3}}
Published	02/10/2024	Warfarin INR Target is between {{c1::2}}-{{c1::4}}
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPPT)}} is a measurement of the time it takes for a clot to form in a blood sample, which relies on the {…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Heparin}} is a medication monitored using the {{c2::Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPPT)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Partial in Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPPT) is used to indicate the lack of {{c1::tissue factor (III)}}
Status	Last Update	Fields