Notes in 03 Common Congenital Heart Diseases

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Published	10/11/2023	For treating tetralogy of fallot, you want to do {{c1::surgery}} to close the {{c2::VSD}} and open up the {{c2::RV outflow tract}}
Published	10/11/2023	What's the diagnosis of a 5 year old boy with persistent systemic hypertension in the upper extremities, hypotension in the lower extremities, and low…
Published	10/11/2023	In coarctation of the aorta: It is associated with {{c1::Turner's}} syndrome{{c1::Activation::activation/inhibition}} of RAAS can exacerbate upper ext…
Published	10/11/2023	In coarctation of the aorta, if sufficient collateras are present, treament {{c1::is::is vs. is not}} still necessary
Published	10/11/2023	Coarctation of the aorta is caused by the {{c1::narrowing}} of the thoracic aorta usually at the level of the aortic isthmus
Published	10/11/2023	Coarctation of the aorta is often associated with a {{c1::bicuspid}} aortic valve
Published	10/11/2023	To treat coarctation of the aorta, you do {{c1::surgical}} repair (in newborns) or {{c1::catheter based ballon dilation with stent placement}} (in old…
Published	10/11/2023	PE signs for coarctation of the aorta: Hypertension in the {{c1::upper}} extremities and hypotension + diminished pulses in the {{c1::lower}} ext…
Published	10/11/2023	Coarctation of the aorta is caused by the constriction of the {{c1::patent ductus arteriosus}} after birth, and if there is extra tissue in the PDA, t…
Published	10/11/2023	The amount of {{c1::cinching}} of the patent ductus arteriosus is related to how severe coarctation of the aorta is
Published	10/11/2023	Does systemic hypertension persists for life even after successful repair of coarctation of the aorta?{{c1::Yes}}
Published	10/11/2023	Can you get recoarctation of the aorta?{{c1::Yes}}
Published	10/11/2023	Does coarctation of the aorta run in families? {{c1::No}}
Published	10/11/2023	In transposition of the great arteries, the {{c2::aorta}} arises form the {{c1::right ventricle}} and the {{c2::pulmonary artery}} arises from the {{c…
Published	10/11/2023	In transposition of the great arteries, you have 2 {{c1::parallel}} circulations (rather than in series)
Published	10/11/2023	Transposition of the great arteries is only ompatible with life if there is {{c1::mixing}} on the atrial level (bringing oxygenated blood into the sys…
Published	10/11/2023	A {{c1::patent ductus arteriosus}} or {{c1::ventricular septal defect}} can help transposition of the great arteries by {{c2::increasing}} pulmonary b…
Published	10/11/2023	You treat transposition of the great arteries by {{c1::balloon atrial septostomy}}
Published	10/11/2023	What's the diagnosis for an infant with a holosystolic murmur at 1 week of life at the L sternal border where they are tachypneic at rest and working …
Published	10/11/2023	Ventricular septal defects typically show {{c1::failure to thrive}} while Atrial septal defects do not
Published	10/11/2023	Puimonary edema occurs in VSD because there is a {{c1::L to R}} shunt
Published	10/11/2023	VSD shows more pronounced pulmonary edema than {{c1::ASD}}
Published	10/11/2023	Transposition of the great arteries is a {{c1::cyanotic::cyanotic vs. acyanotic}} disease
Published	10/11/2023	The main concern with VSD is {{c1::worsening respiratory insufficiency}} and {{c1::failure to thrive}}
Published	10/11/2023	Eisenmenger syndrome develops {{c1::years later::when?}} in patients with VSD
Published	10/11/2023	In treating VSD, you want to give {{c2::fortification of feeds}} and {{c2::diuretics}} (to drain the pulmonary edema), and if they are still symptomat…
Published	10/11/2023	VSD does not always require {{c1::surgery}}, but the larger they are, the more likely you will need surgery
Published	10/11/2023	Some {{c1::VSDs::what disease?}} can spontaneously close over time
Published	10/11/2023	The clinical presentation of VSD depends on the {{c1::size}}
Published	10/11/2023	VSD can also cause {{c1::pulmonary hypertension}} from pulmonary vascular disease
Published	10/11/2023	In {{c1::tetralogy of fallot,}} there is systemic arterial desaturation
Published	10/11/2023	Tetralogy of fallot has a {{c1::R}} to {{c1::L}} shunt
Published	10/11/2023	What is the diagnosis for a 2-day old infant with central cyanosis, 80% O2 saturation, clear lungs, systolic ejection murmur, and is well perfused thr…
Published	10/11/2023	Biggest issue in tetrolagy of fallot is {{c1::insufficient pulmonary blood flow}}
Published	10/11/2023	In tetralogy of fallot, the {{c1::lungs}} are working correctly but they are just not getting sufficient blood flow
Published	10/11/2023	{{c1::Tetralogy of fallot}} is the most common congenital heart defect
Published	10/11/2023	Tetralogy of fallot presents with 4 symptoms:{{c1::VSD with malalignment}}{{c1::Overriding aorta}}{{c1::RV hypertrophy}}{{c1::Pulmonary stenosis}}
Published	10/11/2023	In tetralogy of fallot, the degree of {{c1::pulmonary stenosis}} determines the degree of cyanosis
Published	10/11/2023	A holocystolic murmur is associated with the {{c1::VSD}}
Published	10/11/2023	A systolic ejection murmur is present in {{c1::ASD}} and {{c1::tetralogy of fallot}}
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