Notes in 01_Pulmonary Hypertension

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Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Pulmonary Hypertension}} is {{c2::elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arterial tree usually secondary to Right Heart Failure, also known as…
Published	02/10/2024	A mean pulmonary artery pressure of {{c1::≥ 25}} mmHg at rest is considered pulmonary hypertension
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Pulmonary Hypertension}} {{c1::Exertional dyspnoea and syncope}} {{c1::Chest tightness}} {{c1::Peripheral oedema}} {{c1::Haemopt…
Published	02/10/2024	Signs of Pulmonary Hypertension {{c1::Fluid retention (e.g. Ankle oedema, Ascites, Elevated JVP)}} {{c1::Loud pulmonary second heart sound (P2) and sp…
Published	02/10/2024	Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension {{c1::Idiopathic}} {{c1::Left Heart Disease (e.g. Left ventricular systolic/diastolic failure, Mitral stenosis)}} {{c…
Published	02/10/2024	Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Hypertension in COPD {{c1::Pulmonary vasoconstriction (due to hypoxia, intimal muscular hypertrophy and fibrosis which re…
Published	02/10/2024	ECG of {{c2::right ventricular hypertrophy}} shows:  {{c1::Right axis deviation}} {{c1::Dominant R wave in V1}} {{c1::Dominant S wave in V5 or V6…
Published	02/10/2024	ECG showing {{c1::right ventricular hypertrophy}}
Published	02/10/2024	Advise women with pulmonary hypertension to avoid {{c1::pregnancy}} as it will be associated with a 15% maternal death rate
Published	02/10/2024	Treat peripheral oedema in Pulmonary Hypertension with {{c1::Diuretics}}
Published	02/10/2024	Give {{c1::Oxygen/LTOT}} for Pulmonary Hypertension if underlying Chronic lung disease and/or Hypoxia
Published	02/10/2024	Manage Pulmonary Hypertension due to thrombosis with {{c1::anticoagulation (LMWH, DOACs)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Definitive Diagnosis of Pulmonary Hypertension{{c1::Right heart catheterisation (right heart catheter with pulmonary capillary wedge pressures)}}{{c1:…
Published	02/10/2024	Right heart catheterisation measures {{c1::pulmonary artery pressure}} and {{c1::wedge pressure}}
Published	02/10/2024	Results of Vasodilator Trial for Pulmonary Hypertension {{c1::Reactive (pulmonary vessels relax and the PAP falls)}} {{c1::Fixed (shows a fi…
Published	02/10/2024	Vasodilator Trial for Pulmonary Hypertension involves patient inhales {{c1::nitric oxide}} during catheterisation to assess the vasculature
Published	02/10/2024	Management of Pulmonary Hypertension (if reactive pulmonary vasculature following vasodilator trial) Give {{c1::high-dose CCB (e.g. diltiazem)}} or {{…
Published	02/10/2024	Management of Pulmonary Hypertension (if fixed pulmonary vasculature following vasodilator trial) {{c1::Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (e.g. sliden…
Published	02/10/2024	Consider giving {{c1::Riociguat}} for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)
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