Notes in bone.marrow

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Published	12/13/2024	The normal ratio of myeloid to erythroid cells in the bone marrow is {{c1::2-4:1}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Normal bone marrow biopsy.Arrow 1 depicts?{{c1::Erythroid precursors}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Normal bone marrow biopsy.Arrow 2 depicts?{{c1::Myeloid precursors}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Normal bone marrow biopsy.Arrow 3 depicts?{{c1::Megakaryocytes}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Bone marrow biopsy.Most likely diagnosis?{{c1::Chronic myeloid leukemia}}.
Published	12/13/2024	What is the general differential for a hypercellular bone marrow?1. {{c1::Reactive (response to anemia, infection, etc.)}}.2. {{c2::Infeffective hemat…
Published	12/13/2024	What is the general differential for a HYPOcellular bone marrow?1. {{c1::Aplastic anemia}}.2. {{c2::Chemotherapy}}.3. {{c4::Infection}}.4. {…
Published	12/13/2024	The {{c1::forward}} scatter of light measured by flow cytometry gives a surrogate measure of {{c2::cell size}} and these metrics a…
Published	12/13/2024	The {{c1::side}} scatter of light measured by flow cytometry gives a surrogate measure of {{c2::internal complexity/granularity}} …
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry results from a normal bone marrow.What cell type is depicted in blue?{{c1::Lymphocytes}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry results from a normal bone marrow.What cell type is depicted in green?{{c1::Granulocytic cells}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry results from a normal bone marrow.What cell type is depicted in pink?{{c1::Monocytes}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry results from a normal bone marrow.What cell type is depicted in aqua/red?{{c1::Hematogones/myeloid blasts, respectively (immaturit…
Published	12/13/2024	Blasts make up <{{c1::2}}% of the normal bone marrow (hematopoietic stem cells, myeloblasts, lymphoblasts).
Published	12/13/2024	As erythroid cells mature in the bone marrow the chromatin changes from {{c1::fine}} to {{c1::condensed}}.
Published	12/13/2024	As erythroid cells mature in the bone marrow the cytoplasm changes from {{c1::blue}} to {{c1::red}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Bone marrow core biopsies should be ideally >= {{c1::1.5}} cm in length.
Published	12/13/2024	Bone marrow aspirate is best for assessing (relative to core biopsy):1. {{c1::Blast percentage}}.2. {{c2::Iron status}}.3. {{c3::Cytology}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Cases of multiple myeloma where the paraprotein is {{c2::light chain-only}} are referred to as {{c1::Bence-Jones}} proteins.
Published	12/13/2024	{{c1::Dutcher bodies}} in plasma cells are aggregates of {{c2::immunoglobin}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is classified as:1. {{c1::Non-IgM MGUS}}.2. {{c1::IgM MGUS}}.3. {{c1::Light chain MGUS}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Non-IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is classified as:1. {{c1::Serum IgG/IgA <3 g/dL}}.2. {{c2::Clonal plasma cell <1…
Published	12/13/2024	Light chain monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is classified as:1. {{c1::NO heavy chain on immunofixation}}.2. {{c4::Urine m…
Published	12/13/2024	IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is classified as:1. {{c1::Serum IgM <3 g/dL}}.2. {{c2::Clonal plasma cell <10%}…
Published	12/13/2024	The risk of progression from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance is:1. Non-IgM: {{c1::1}}% / year to {{c5::multiple myeloma, plasmacyto…
Published	12/13/2024	Plasma cell leukemia is defined as:1. {{c2::Plasma cells are >20% of peripheral WBCs}}.OR2. {{c1::>2x10^9 peripheral plasma cells / L}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry results suggestive of plasma cell leukemia are:1. {{c1::CD138: +}}.2. {{c3::CD19: -}}.3. {{c2::CD56: +/-}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry of bone marrow.What cell population is demarcated blue?{{c1::Granulocytes}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry of bone marrow.What cell population is demarcated red?{{c1::Lymphocytes}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry of bone marrow.What cell population is demarcated pink?{{c1::Nucleated RBCs}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry of bone marrow.What cell population is demarcated by the black arrow?{{c1::"Blast hole"}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Flow cytometry of bone marrow.What cell population is demarcated green?{{c1::Monocytes}}.
Published	12/13/2024	The common positive antigens/immunophenotype for {{c6::monocytes}} include:1. {{c1::CD11b}}.2. {{c7::CD13}}.3. {{c2::CD14}}.4. {{c3::CD33}}.…
Published	12/13/2024	The common positive antigens/immunophenotype for {{c6::granulocytes}} include:1. {{c1::CD15}}.2. {{c2::CD16}}.3. {{c3::CD33}}.4. {{c5::CD64}…
Published	12/13/2024	Non-blast cells that can be found in the "blast hole" of a flow cytometry plot of side scatter vs CD45 include:1. {{c1::Basophils}}.2. {{c2::Hypogranu…
Published	12/13/2024	{{c6::Follicular helper T}} cells (specific) have an immunophenotype positive for:1. CD3.2. {{c1::CD4}}.3. {{c2::CD57}}.4. {{c3::BCL6}}.5. {…
Published	12/13/2024	In general, {{c1::memory T cells}} are {{c2::positive}} for {{c3::CD45RO}} and {{c2::negative}} for {{c3:…
Published	12/13/2024	In general, {{c1::naive T cells}} are {{c2::negative}} for {{c3::CD45RO}} and {{c2::positive}} for {{c3::…
Published	12/13/2024	Bone marrow biopsy from a 40 year old female present with marked thrombocytosis.Most likely diagnosis?{{c1::Essential thrombocytosis}}.
Published	12/13/2024	Key microscopic features of {{c2::essential thrombocytosis}} on bone marrow biopsy include:1. {{c1::Hyer}}-cellular bone marrow.2. Incr…
Published	12/13/2024	Key microscopic features suggestive of {{c1::essential thrombocytosis}} on perpheral blood include:1. Thrombo-{{c2::cytosis}}.2.&n…
Published	12/13/2024	Diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma include:1. Biopsy proven {{c1::plasmacytoma}} and/or >={{c2::10% clonal plasma cells}} in bone marrow.2.&n…
Published	12/13/2024	Normal plasma cells tend to have a kappa : lambda ratio of {{c1::2-3}}:{{c1::1}}.
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