Notes in Molecular

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De novo pyrimidine and purine synthesis pathway
Purine Salvage Pathway

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/05/2023	in {{c3::chromatin}}, {{c4::DNA}} loops {{c5::twice}} around a {{c1::histone}} {{c2::octamer}} to form a {{c6::nucleosome}}.  {{c7::H1}} binds to…
Published	09/05/2023	DNA has {{c2::negative}} charge from {{c1::phosphate}} groups
Published	09/05/2023	Histones are large and have {{c2::positive}} charge from {{c1::Lys}} and {{c1::Arg}}
Published	09/05/2023	DNA and histone synthesis occurs during {{c1::S}} phase of mitosis
Published	09/05/2023	{{c3::Mitochondria::organelle}} have their own {{c2::DNA}} which is {{c1::circular::shape}} and does not utilize {{c1::histones}}
Published	09/05/2023	4c218f3b9eb344298798aa601011c88f-ao-1
Published	09/05/2023	4c218f3b9eb344298798aa601011c88f-ao-2
Published	09/05/2023	4c218f3b9eb344298798aa601011c88f-ao-3
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::Heterochromatin}} appears {{c2::darker}} on EM and is sterically {{c3: inaccessible}} and therefore transcriptionally {{c3::inactive}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::Heterochromatin}} has increased {{c2::methylation}} and decreased {{c2::acetylation}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::Barr Bodies}} - {{c2::inactive X chromosomes}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::Euchromatin}} appears {{c2::lighter}} on EM.  It is sterically {{c3::accessible}} and therefore transcriptionally {{c3::active}}
Published	09/05/2023	DNA methylation represses {{c1::transcription}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::Methylation}} within gene {{c2::promoter}} such as {{c3::CpG islands}} represses {{c4::gene transcription}}
Published	09/05/2023	dysregulated {{c2::DNA methylation}} is implicated in {{c1::Fragile X syndrome}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c2::Histone acetylation}} causes removal of histone's {{c3::positive}} charge which leads to {{c1::relaxed DNA coiling}} and increased {{c1::transcr…
Published	09/05/2023	Thyroid hormone receptors alter thyroid hormone synthesis by {{c1::acetylation}}
Published	09/05/2023	Does histone acetylation make DNA active or inactive? {{c1::active}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::histone deacetylation}} is the removal of {{c2::acetyl groups}} which leads to {{c3::tightened}} DNA coiling and {{c4::decreased}} transcription
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::histone deacetylation}} may be responsible for the altered gene expression in {{c2::Huntington disease}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c2::Purines}} have {{c1::2}} ring/s
Published	09/05/2023	{{c2::Pyrimidines}} have {{c1::1}} ring/s
Published	09/05/2023	What are the purines? {{c1::A and G}}
Published	09/05/2023	What are the pyrimidines? {{c1::C, U, and T}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::Uracil}} is found in {{c2::RNA}} but {{c1::Thymine}} is found in {{c2::DNA}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c3::Methylation}} of {{c1::uracil}} makes {{c2::thymine}}
Published	09/05/2023	8a9621e23f3c4b4886ed1fe660d8f6d6-ao-1
Published	09/05/2023	02c5aac0b787419aba49f4b93120562d-ao-1
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::nucleoside}} - base + sugar
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::Nucleotide}} - base + sugar + phosphate
Published	09/05/2023	what is one of the major cause of autosomal recessive SCID? {{c1::Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency}}
Published	09/05/2023	What causes lesch-nyhan syndrome?defective {{c1::purine salvage}} due to absent {{c1::HGPRT}}
Published	09/05/2023	symptoms of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome:{{c1::H - HyperuricemiaG - GoutP - Pissed offR - Red/Orange cystals in urineT - Tense muscles (dystonia)}}
Published	09/05/2023	"beads on a string" = {{c1::nucleosome}}
Published	09/05/2023	In mitosis, DNA condenses to form {{c1::chromosomes}}
Published	09/05/2023	what are the 4 core histones?- {{c1::2 H2A}}- {{c1::2 H2B}}- {{c1::2 H3}}- {{c1::2 H4}}
Published	09/05/2023	Methylation most commonly occurs at {{c1::CpG islands}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::CpG islands}} are found in {{c2::promoter}} regions and are regions of DNA enriched for repeating segments of a {{c3::cytosine:: nucleotide}} th…
Published	09/05/2023	Deamination reactions:{{c1::Cytosine}} - {{c2::uracil}}{{c1::Adenine}} - {{c2::hypoxanthine}}{{c1::Guanine}} - {{c2::xanthine}}{{c1::5-methylcystosine…
Published	09/05/2023	Amino acids necessary for purine synthesis:- {{c1::Glycine}}- {{c1::Aspartate}}- {{c1::Glutamine}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c2::C-G}} bonds have {{c1::3}} H bonds.  {{c2::A-T}} bonds have {{c1::2}} H bonds.
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase}} = CPS
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::CPS1}} is found in {{c2::mitochondria::organelle}}, is used in the {{c2::urea cycle::pathway}}, and is located in {{c2::liver}} and {{c2::kidney…
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::CPS2}} is found in {{c2::cytosol::cell location}}, is used in {{c2::pyrimidine}} synthesis, and is found in most cells
Published	09/05/2023	{{c1::purine}} synthesis requires {{c2::2 THF}}
Published	09/05/2023	{{c3::Adenosine Deaminase}} deficiency results in decreased {{c1::lymphocytes}} which is why it is one of the major causes of {{c2::autosomal recessiv…
Published	09/05/2023	{{c2::Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome}} is X-linked {{c1::Recessive::dominant/recessive}}. Typical presentation: Male with {{c3::intellectual disability, self mu…
Status	Last Update	Fields