Notes in Sleep Physiology

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/25/2024	During sleep, sensory impulses {{c1::can::can or cannot}} reach the CNS
Published	09/25/2024	The other circadian rhythms present in humans can be remembered by the mnemonic: HUG my Body{{c1::Hormone release::H}}{{c1::Urine produ…
Published	09/25/2024	{{c1::Zeitgebers}} are environmental cues that help maintain the circadian cycle
Published	09/25/2024	The absence of zeitegebers can cause the circadian rhythm to "{{c1::free-run}}" thereby shortening or lengthening the entire cycle
Published	09/25/2024	Retinal axons travel via the {{c1::retinohypothalamic}} tract to innervate the {{c2::suprachiasmatic nucleus}}
Published	09/25/2024	Which part of the visual pathway do axons traveling to the suprachiasmatic nucleus exit out of?{{c1::Optic chiasm}}
Published	09/25/2024	Circadian rhythm is regulated through expression of the {{c1::per}} and {{c1::cry}} genes
Published	09/25/2024	Activation of the per and cry genes requires {{c1::BMAL1}} and {{c1::CLOCK}} proteins to bind to promoter sequences
Published	09/25/2024	The PER protein resists degradation through the formation of {{c1::dimers}}
Published	09/25/2024	Which proteins inhibit transcription of the per and cry genes?{{c1::PER and CRY proteins}}
Published	09/25/2024	Degradation of PER proteins occurs through phosphorylation by {{c1::CK1ε}}
Published	09/25/2024	The {{c1::tau}} mutation in CK1ε {{c2::decreases::increases or decreases}} the degradation of PER proteins
Published	09/25/2024	The tau mutation in CK1ε {{c1::decreases::increases or decreases}} the length of the circardian cycle
Published	09/25/2024	Individuals with {{c1::familial advanced sleep phase syndrome (FASPS)}} have a mutation in the {{c2::hper2}} gene, resulting in a {{c3::shortened…
Published	09/25/2024	Activation of ML1 receptors result in {{c1::decreased::increased or decreased}} suprachiasmatic nucleus activity
Published	09/25/2024	A study on the effects of prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) found a decrease in {{c1::sleep latency}} for {{c2::elderly}…
Published	09/25/2024	{{c1::Orexin}} is a hormone produced in the lateral/posterior hypothalamus that aids in wakefulness
Published	09/25/2024	Suvorexant is a(n) {{c1::OXR1 and OXR2}} receptor {{c1::antagonist}}
Published	09/25/2024	The {{c1::Ascending Reticular Activating System (ARAS)}} is a network of neurons that processes sensory input to regulate alertnes…
Published	09/25/2024	The ARAS runs from the {{c1::brainstem}} to the {{c1::basal forebrain}}
Published	09/25/2024	During the REM stage of sleep, heart rate {{c1::increases::increases or decreases}}
Published	09/25/2024	During the {{c1::N3}} stage of sleep, heart rate is at its slowest
Published	09/25/2024	Sleep deprivation during the REM stage of sleep leads to {{c1::REM rebound}}
Published	09/25/2024	The initiation of the REM sleep stage is triggered by {{c1::pontine-geniculate occipital (PGO) spikes}}
Published	09/25/2024	Inhibition of the REM sleep stage occurs through activity from {{c1::5-HT}} neurons located in the {{c2::dorsal raphe nucleus}} and {{c2::pe…
Published	09/25/2024	Sleep loss leads to an overproduction of {{c1::inflammatory cytokines}} thereby decreasing wound healing
Published	09/25/2024	Sleep promotes the removal of {{c1::neurotoxic waste}} by enhancing the flow of CSF through the {{c2::glymphatic system}}
Status	Last Update	Fields