Notes in 09 Pharmacokinetics

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Published	12/13/2023	The glomerulus cannot filter {{c1::large}} molecules or {{c1::negatively charged}} molecules.
Published	12/13/2023	Which cytochrome P450 enzyme is responsible for the most metabolism (50%)?{{c1::CYP 3A4}}
Published	12/13/2023	Inhibition of CYP 450 {{c1::decreases::increases/decreases}} drug clearance.
Published	12/13/2023	The {{c1::phenylpiperidine}} class of opioids is metabolized by CYP-{{c2::3A4}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Benzodiazepines are metabolized by CYP-{{c1::3A4}}.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Theophylline::bronchodilator}} is metabolized by CYP-{{c2::1A2}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Phenytoin {{c1::induces::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::2D6}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Dexamethasone {{c1::induces::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::2D6}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Tobacco, cannabis, and ethanol {{c1::induces::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::2D6}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Rifampin {{c1::induces::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::3A4}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Isoniazid {{c1::inhibits::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::2D6}}.
Published	12/13/2023	SSRIs {{c1::inhibits::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::2D6 and 3A4}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Grapefruit juice {{c1::inhibits::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::3A4}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Erythromycin {{c1::inhibits::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::3A4 and 1A2}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Ciprofloxacin {{c1::inhibits::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::1A2}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Azole antifungals {{c1::inhibits::inhibits/induces}} CYP-{{c1::3A4}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Medications given intravenously have a bioavailability of {{c1::1 (100%)}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Lipophilic drugs are associated with a {{c1::steeper}} slope of the α distribution.
Published	12/13/2023	The rate constant for drug transfer from central → peripheral compartments is {{c1::k12}}.
Published	12/13/2023	The rate constant for drug transfer from peipheral → central compartments is {{c1::k21}}.
Published	12/13/2023	The rate constant for drug elimination is {{c1::ke}}.
Published	12/13/2023	How does aging affect α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) levels?{{c1::Increased}}
Published	12/13/2023	How does physiologic stress affect α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) levels?{{c1::Increased}}
Published	12/13/2023	How does rheumatoid arthritis affect α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) levels?{{c1::Increased}}
Published	12/13/2023	How does pregnancy affect α1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) levels?{{c1::Decreased}}
Published	12/13/2023	Drugs with a {{c1::low}} extraction ratio are cleared by the liver in proportion to {{c2::metabolic capacity}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Drugs with a high extraction ratio must have oral doses increased due to {{c1::first pass metabolism}}.
Published	12/13/2023	What paralytic demonstrates a low extraction ratio?{{c1::Rocuronium}}
Published	12/13/2023	What opioid demonstrates a low extraction ratio?{{c1::Alfentanil}}
Published	12/13/2023	In general, anticonvulsants (e.g. thiopental, phenytoin, benzodiazepines) demonstrate a {{c1::low}} extraction ratio.
Published	12/13/2023	What paralytic demonstrates an intermediate extraction ratio?{{c1::Vecuronium}}
Published	12/13/2023	What bronchodilator demonstrates a low extraction ratio?{{c1::Theophylline}}
Published	12/13/2023	Rocuronium has a {{c1::low}} extraction ratio.
Published	12/13/2023	Methadone has a {{c1::low}} extraction ratio.
Published	12/13/2023	Most opioids demonstrate a {{c1::high}} extraction ratio.
Published	12/13/2023	Propofol has a {{c1::high}} extraction ratio.
Published	12/13/2023	Ketamine has a {{c1::high}} extraction ratio.
Published	12/13/2023	Local anesthetics have a {{c1::high}} extraction ratio.
Published	12/13/2023	β-blockers (e.g. propanolol, alprenolol, metoprolol) have a {{c1::high}} extraction ratio.
Published	12/13/2023	Calcium channel blockers (e.g. nifedipine, diltiazem, verapamil) have a {{c1::high}} extraction ratio.
Published	12/13/2023	What diuretics are transported in the proximal tubule via organic anion transporters (OAT)?{{c1::Furosemide and thiazide diuretics::2}}
Published	12/13/2023	What antibiotics are transported in the proximal tubule via organic anion transporters (OAT)?{{c1::Penicillin}}
Published	12/13/2023	What opioids are transported in the proximal tubule via organic cation transporters (OCT)?{{c1::Morphine and meperidine::2}}
Published	12/13/2023	What neurotransmitters are transported in the proximal tubule via organic cation transporters (OCT)?{{c1::Dopamine}}
Published	12/13/2023	Furosemide and thiazide diuretics are transported in the proximal tubule via organic {{c1::anion}} transporters.
Published	12/13/2023	Penicillin is transported in the proximal tubule via organic {{c1::anion}} transporters.
Published	12/13/2023	Morphine and meperidine are transported in the proximal tubule via organic {{c1::cation}} transporters.
Published	12/13/2023	Dopamine is transported in the proximal tubule via organic {{c1::cation}} transporters.
Published	12/13/2023	Consumption of {{c1::cranberry juice}} will acidify the urine.
Published	12/13/2023	Do plasma enzymes undergo enzyme induction?{{c1::No}}
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