Notes in Exam III

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Published	03/30/2025	{{c1::Eosinophils}} are important for dealing with {{c2::allergic}} and {{c2::parasitic}} diseases{{c1::Mast}} cells are the primary source of {{c2::h…
Published	03/26/2025	For eosinophils, what is the primary chemoattractant?
Published	03/28/2025	How do mass cells cause degranulation?
Published	03/26/2025	{{c1::Resident macrophages}} can be found in multiple tissues. What are the names of the {{c1::resident macrophages}} found in the following tissues?1…
Published	03/26/2025	What are 3 functions of macrophages? (At least what Dr. Baldwin listed as important...)
Published	03/27/2025	Natural killer cells are associated with the {{c1::innate immune system}}, while Cytotoxic T cells are associated with the {{c1::adaptive immune syste…
Published	03/28/2025	How do NK and cytotoxic T cells kill?
Published	03/26/2025	List the 5 categories of acute inflammatory exudates that may be present, from least to most severe
Published	03/26/2025	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.2394:top=.9013:width=.2598:height=.0583:oi=1}}{{c2::image-occlusion:rect:left=.3707:top=.5212:width=.2484:height=.065…
Published	03/26/2025	{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.118:top=.4147:width=.2469:height=.0532:oi=1}}{{c1::image-occlusion:rect:left=.3707:top=.4147:width=.2484:height=.0481…
Published	03/26/2025	What are the concurrent conditions associated with chronic inflammation?
Published	03/26/2025	What are the primary characteristics of chronic inflammation?
Published	03/26/2025	Match or describe the following acute inflammatory exudates{{c1::Serous}}: {{c2::Low protein fluid}}{{c1::Catarrhal}}: {{c2::Mucus}}{{c1::Suppura…
Published	03/26/2025	Define or describe the cell/tissue type associated with the following chronic inflammation classifications: {{c1::Lymphocytic}}: {{c2::Prima…
Published	03/26/2025	Granulomatous inflammation has two organizations: {{c1::Granulomas}}: {{c2::Nodular or distinct masses}}{{c1::Generalized granulomatous …
Published	03/26/2025	During the four stages of granuloma formation, how does cell composition change?
Published	03/28/2025	How do TH1 vs TH2 cells contribute to granulomatous inflammation?
Published	03/26/2025	What is the cell organization of a tuberculoid granuloma, deep to superficial?
Published	03/26/2025	What are the specialized forms of granuloma, and what is unique about them?
Published	03/28/2025	Most acute inflammatory mediators are active in {{c1::seconds to minutes}} and last {{c1::minutes to hours}}. They have {{c1::short}} half lives.&nbsp…
Published	03/27/2025	What is the source, degranulation stimulus, and action of histamine?
Published	03/28/2025	What is the source, degranulation stimulus, and actions of serotonin?
Published	03/28/2025	What is the source and actions of Bradykinin?
Published	03/30/2025	Why is Kallikrein important?
Published	03/27/2025	What are the actions of Thromboxane?
Published	03/28/2025	Define/describe the actions of the following arachadonic acid product families:{{c1::Prostaglandin family}}: {{c2::vasodilation, increased vascular pe…
Published	03/28/2025	What is the orgin and effects of the complement system?
Published	03/27/2025	Define/describe the mechanism for the following complement system pathways:{{c1::Classical pathway}}: {{c2::IgM or IgG + C1 -> C3 convertase }…
Published	03/28/2025	What is the effector mechanism for complement using C3 convertase?
Published	03/27/2025	What are the actions of C3a and C5a?
Published	03/28/2025	What activity is each complement protein associated with? C3b and C4b: {{c1::Opsonization }}C5a, C3a, C4a: {{c1::Chemotaxis and leukocyte ac…
Published	03/28/2025	Describe the Archidonic acid (AA) pathway:
Published	03/27/2025	The following are products of the {{c2::prostaglandin}} family in the AA pathway.{{c1::Prostacyclin}}: {{c2::causes vasodilation, inhibits platelet ag…
Published	03/28/2025	Medical intervention of the Arachadonic Acid Pathways{{c1::Steroids}} inhibit {{c2::phospholipases}}. As a consequence, there is no {{c2::arachidonic …
Published	03/27/2025	{{c1::COX-1}} is constitutively expressed in {{c2::almost all tissues}}. It is important for for {{c2::perfusion}} and {{c2::gastric mucosal protectio…
Published	03/28/2025	Broadly describe the organization of diffuse granulomatous inflammation
Published	03/28/2025	Abscesses form following {{c1::failed elimination of a stimulus}}. The observed pus forms due to {{c1::neutrophils liquefying tissues, themselves, and…
Published	03/28/2025	What are the two broad categories of abscess?
Published	03/28/2025	Are abscesses typically chronic or acute?
Published	03/28/2025	What are the detrimental effects of chronic inflammation? How long can it take to occur?
Published	03/28/2025	Briefly describe the phases in which hypersensitivity reactions are developed
Published	03/28/2025	Type {{c1::1}} hypersensitivity is mediated by {{c2::IgE sensitized mast cells}}. This type can be observed {{c3::systematically}} via …
Published	03/28/2025	Type {{c1::2}} hypersensitivity is mediated by {{c2::antibodies}}, which target {{c2::cell surface antigens}}. This type acts via {{c3::opsonizat…
Published	03/28/2025	Type {{c1::3}} hypersensitivity is mediated by high amounts of {{c2::immune complex formation}}, which then deposit in {{c2::sites of blood flow …
Published	03/28/2025	Of the 4 types of hypersensitivity, which can occur locally, systemically, or both?
Published	04/03/2025	What is the only hypersensitivity that is not antibody mediated?
Published	04/03/2025	{{c1::Type 4}} hypersensitivity is mediated by {{c2::antigen activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells}}. {{c1::Delayed-type hypersensitivity}} i…
Published	04/03/2025	With type 4 hypersensitivity, how does activation of CD4+ cells lead to cellular damage?
Published	04/03/2025	With type 4 hypersensitivity, how does activation of CD8+ T cells lead to cellular damage?
Published	04/03/2025	{{c1::Autoimmune diseases}} involve {{c2::autoreactive T cells}} and {{c2::immune responses to self antigens}}. They often have {{c2::genetic}} and {{…
Published	04/03/2025	What are the proposed mechanisms resulting in autoimmune diseases?
Published	04/03/2025	What is the sequence of wound healing?
Published	04/03/2025	Define/describe the following for the sequence of wound healing: {{c1::Hemostasis}}: {{c2::control of bleeding }}{{c1::Inflammation}}: {{c2:…
Published	04/03/2025	{{c1::Primary wounds}} are {{c2::clean, uninfected, surgical like incisions}} with {{c2::minimal}} epithelial loss and connec…
Published	04/03/2025	What are some differences between primary and secondary wounds?
Published	04/03/2025	What is the composition, purpose, and fate of granulation tissue?
Published	04/03/2025	What two processes lead to granulation tissue formation?
Published	04/03/2025	What is the process by which new blood vessels are formed from existing ones, and why is it important for granulation tissue?
Published	04/03/2025	What does the local dehydration of a wound lead to the formation of?
Published	04/03/2025	What are the roles of macrophages in wound healing?
Published	04/03/2025	How do cytokines promote wound healing?
Published	04/03/2025	What is the appearance of healthy granulation tissue?
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