Notes in 11GITDiseases

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::Cecum}} separates the SI and the LI
Published	07/30/2024	The Large intestine absorbs fluid and electrolytes, synthesizes vitamin {{c1::K}}, and stores feces
Published	07/30/2024	General substances secreted by the stomach:{{c1::pepsin}}{{c1::mucus}}{{c1::HCl}}{{c1::Intrinsic Factor}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Pain}} is the most common complaint for GI problems
Published	07/30/2024	Physical Assessment of GI System (in order){{c1::Inspection}}{{c1::Auscultation}}{{c1::Percussion}}{{c1::Palpation }}
Published	07/30/2024	The liver is palpable in the {{c1::RUQ::abdo quadrant}}
Published	07/30/2024	The intestines are {{c1::Palpable only when enlarged::Palpable/Non-palpable}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Non-palpable::Palpable/Non-palpable}} Pancreas
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::CBC}}Checks hemoglobin, bleeding, and infections
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::Stool exam and culture}}For any pathogenic related diseases such as salmonella typhi (common tool for patients with diarr…
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::Breath Test (Hydrogen and Urea)}}To determine ulcer problems, alcohol intoxication, and motility problems
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::Abdominal Ultrasonography}}For problems in the liver, pancreas, complaints of epigastric pain, jaundice, and gallstones i…
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::DNA Testing, CT Scan, and MRI}}Checks for lymph node involvement
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::CT Scan, and MRI}}Done only if X-ray and ultrasound is unsuccessful in looking for findings
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::CT Scan, and MRI}}Done when there is a tumor suspected or presence of metastasis, and suspicious densities
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::Gastric Analysis, Gastric Acid Stimulation Test, and pH monitoring}} For those presenting with Peptic Ulcer disease, g…
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::UGI endoscopy, proctosig- moidoscopy, colonoscopy }} Checks for ulceration, bleeding, erosion, or gastritis in ch…
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::Barium enema or series, Scout film of the abdomen}}For those with pain and suspicion of a small or large intestinal obstr…
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]Blood tests check for {{c1::amylase or lipase}} levels to check for pancreatitis
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Stomatitis::GI Disease}}Whitish gray pseudo membrane and outer erythematous ring or white plaque like lesions in the mouth
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::t::t/f}} Management of stomatitis is conservative and supportive
Published	07/30/2024	Oral cancer is manifested in the:{{c1::lips::most common}}
Published	07/30/2024	Oral cancer: {{c1::malignant::benign/malignant}}Stomatitis: {{c1::benign::benign/malignant}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Oral Cancer::GI disease}}Manifests as non-healing blisters and pain{{c2::less::less/ful}} sores, tumors in the tongue, and weight loss
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Radical neck dissection}} is a management for oral cancer that involves removal of all {{c2::cervical lymph nodes::first site of metastasis}} fr…
Published	07/30/2024	Esophagitis or Inflammation of the esophagus that can manifest as {{c2::pyrosis}} in the substernal area, pain {{c4::after::before/after}} eating or w…
Published	07/30/2024	Heartburn/pyrosis in esophagitis radiates to the {{c1::back, neck, or jaw}} while angina radiates to the {{c2::left arm}}
Published	07/30/2024	Diagnosis for Achalasia (aside from endoscopy):{{c1::Manometry}} - to identify pressure{{c2::Barium swallow}} - done through ingestion of a contrast d…
Published	07/30/2024	To manage Achalasia, {{c1::Botolinum toxin}} is used to paralyze muscles while {{c2::calcium channel blockers and nitrates}} are used as vasodila…
Published	07/30/2024	Surgical management of Achalasia include {{c1::Pneumatic dilation}} which dilates the unrelaxed LES, and {{c2::esophagomyotomy}} which enlar…
Published	07/30/2024	Another term for bloatedness is {{c1::Dyspepsia/Indigestion}}
Published	07/30/2024	Another term for loss of appetite is {{c1::Anorexia}} and can manifest secondary to {{c2::infection}}
Published	07/30/2024	Do all GI manifestations come from underlying GI diseases?{{c1::No. Metabolic diseases may result in GI manifestations::Y/N}}
Published	07/30/2024	Carcino-embryonic Antigen (CEA) is better used for {{c1::monitoring treatment::screening/monitoring}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Hernia}} - Protrusion of a part of an internal organ through an abnormal opening in the wall of the cavity that surrounds it
Published	07/30/2024	Factors in gallstone formation - {{c1::metabolic}}, {{c1::stasis of bile}}, {{c1::inflammation/infection}}
Published	07/30/2024	Common sites of hernia{{c1::Umbilical, Incisional, Inguinal, Femoral::4}}
Published	07/30/2024	[DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION]{{c1::Liver function test}}Detects levels of {{c2::ALT/SGPT & AST/SGOT::2}} enzymes
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Direct::Direct/Indirect}} Hernia - Weakness in fascial floor of inguinal canal
Published	07/30/2024	4Fs risk factors for {{c2::cholelithiasis}}:- F{{c1::atty meal}}- F{{c1::orty y/os}}- F{{c1::at}}- F{{c1::emale}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Indirect::Direct/Indirect}} Hernia - Weakness in fascial margin of internal inguinal ring
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Indirect::Direct/Indirect}} Hernia - Weak abdominal muscles
Published	07/30/2024	Fatty liver is commonly related to {{c1::food intake}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Indirect::Direct/Indirect}} Hernia - Increased intra-abdominal pressure
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Murphy}}'s sign is indicative of cholethiasis
Published	07/30/2024	Risk factors for hernia: {{c1::pregnancy, increased abdominal pressure, surgical incisions::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	Imaging options for suspected cholelithiasis include {{c1::ultrasound LGBPS::to document gallstones}} and {{c1::endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancrea…
Published	07/30/2024	Complications for hernia: {{c1::strangulation and intestinal obstruction::2}}
Published	07/30/2024	In hernia, IF PATIENTS {{c1::DO NOT::DO/DON'T}} HAVE STRANGULATION and the outpouching is already large and are at risk for those complications, …
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Bowel resection}} - management for hernia with obstruction or strangulation
Published	07/30/2024	Melena or hematochezia may require {{c1::lower::lower/upper}} GI procedures
Published	07/30/2024	A patient experiencing discomfort, anal pruritus, pain, bleeding especially during defecation, narrowing of stool, grapelike clusters around anus may …
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Anti-hemorrhoidals (like the one used in varicose veins)}} - conservative management for hemorrhoids
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Sclerotherapy (internal)}} - surgical management for hemorrhoids where sclerotic agent is used to make hemorrhoids smaller
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Cryosurgery}} - surgical management for hemorrhoids where there is freezing
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Photocoagulation}} - surgical management for hemorrhoids where there is burning of tissue
Published	07/30/2024	Pancreatitis is caused by {{c1::autodigestion of the trapped pancreatic enzymes}}
Published	07/30/2024	Two of the more common causes of pancreatitis are {{c1::chronic alcoholism and gallstones}}
Published	07/30/2024	Most common histology for oral cancer: {{c1::squamous cell carcinoma}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Gallstone::Cause of pancreatitis}} - Blocks {{c2::Ampulla of Vater::anatomical structure}} causing bile regurgitation to Duct of Wirsung an…
Published	07/30/2024	2 examples of drugs that could cause pancreatitis: {{c1::chlorothiazide (diuretic), glucocorticoid (steroid)}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Cullen’s sign::Pancreatitis manifestation}} - Grayish discoloration of abdomen and periumbilical area due to ongoing hemorrhage and necrosi…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Grey Turner’s sign::Pancreatitis manifestation}} - Bluish discoloration of the flanks
Published	07/30/2024	Manifestation of pancreatitis includes stready, severe {{c1::epigastric::abdomen region}} pain which may radiate to the {{c2::back}} and be aggravated…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Blumberg’s}} sign - Pain on abrupt release of steady pressure over site of suspected abdominal lesion; this is a sign of {{c2::peritonitis::diso…
Published	07/30/2024	Is it the advisable for the patient eat when they have pancreatitis?{{c1::N::Y/N}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::NGT insertion}} - management of pancreatitis to provide some form of decompression
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Meperidine (common brand name: Demerol)}} - analgesic of choice for pancreatitis
Published	07/30/2024	In Barrett's esophagus, the squamous epithelium of the esophagus is replaced by a {{c1::dysplastic::type}} epithelium, called Barrett's epitheliu…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::GERD}} → {{c2::Barret's Esophagus}} → {{c1::Esophageal Carcinoma}}
Published	07/30/2024	Processed foods are a risk factor for esophageal cancer because of the presence of {{c1::nitrosamines/nitrites::chemical}}
Published	07/30/2024	Aside from odynophagia, esophageal carcinoma may cause {{c1::substernal::body area}} pain or fullness
Published	07/30/2024	Most important treatment option for esophageal carcinoma is {{c1::surgery}}
Published	07/30/2024	To correct the malignancy, patients with stage {{c2::3 or 4}} esophageal carcinoma undergo {{c1::PEG}}, instead of surgery
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::NSAIDs}} are common pharmacologic agents that may cause gastritis
Published	07/30/2024	Is history and physical examination is sufficient to diagnose gastritis?{{c1::N::Y/N}}
Published	07/30/2024	Most common manifestation of gastritis is {{c1::abdominal discomfort}}
Published	07/30/2024	Most important management for gastritis is {{c1::diet modification}}
Published	07/30/2024	Peptic ulcer is most commonly associated with {{c1::H. pylori infection::risk factor}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Duodenal::Gastric/duodenal}} ulcer: caused by hyperacidity
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Gastric::Gastric/duodenal}} ulcer: pain occurs 1-2hrs after meals
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Gastric::Gastric/duodenal}} ulcer: pain is felt at the midline
Published	07/30/2024	If the cause of peptic ulcer is H. pylori, the regimen includes: {{c1::PPIs}}, {{c1::amoxicillin}}, and {{c1::clarithromycin}}
Published	07/30/2024	T/F: Anyone can contract inflammatory bowel disease{{c1::True}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Ulcerative colitis::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: occurs at 20 - 40 yrs old
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Ulcerative::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: Left colon is affected
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Chron's disease::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: extent of involvement is non-continuous
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Chron's disease::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: transmural inflammation
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Chron's disease::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: semisolid stools with mucus and possibly pus (no blood)
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Ulcerative colitis::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: abdominal cramping before bowel movement
Published	07/30/2024	Most common cause of intestinal obstruction is {{c1::adhesions}}
Published	07/30/2024	T/F: Swallowing fruit seeds / pits is a risk factor for intestinal obstruction{{c1::True}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Large bowel obs.::Small bowel obs./Large bowel obs.}}: fecal vomiting
Published	07/30/2024	One may suspect {{c1::Large bowel obs.::Small bowel obs./Large bowel obs.}} if the patient has not pooped / farted
Published	07/30/2024	Bowel sounds are decreased or absent when auscultated {{c1::distal::proximal/distal}} to large bowel obs.
Published	07/30/2024	Intestinal obstruction is documented using {{c1::X-ray / scout film}}
Published	07/30/2024	T/F: Patients with intestinal obstuction are given pain medication for relief{{c1::False}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)/Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR)}} - Backflow of gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus when gas…
Published	07/30/2024	The most common reason for GERD/LPR is {{c1::inappropriate LES relaxation}}
Published	07/30/2024	Diagnostic tests for GERD aside from endoscopy: {{c1::Barium swallow, Amulatory pH monitoring, Bilirubin monitoring::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	Food items to avoid to reduce GERD manifestations: {{c1::fat, caffeine, spicy, milk, beer, citrus, junk food}}
Published	07/30/2024	To prevent GERD, avoid eating {{c1::at least 2 hours before sleeping::time frame}}
Published	07/30/2024	Can weight reduction help treat GERD?{{c1::Y::Y/N}}
Published	07/30/2024	Elevate the head of the bed around {{c1::30°-45°}} to prevent reflux of gastric contents in GERD
Published	07/30/2024	Pharmacological treatment/s for GERD: {{c1::Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) sometimes w/ H2 blockers}}
Published	07/30/2024	Surgical treatment/s for GERD: {{c1::Fundoplication}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Gastric::Gastric/duodenal}} ulcer: caused by decreased mucus & normal acidity
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Duodenal::Gastric/duodenal}} ulcer: pain occurs 2-4 hrs after meals & at night
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Duodenal::Gastric/duodenal}} ulcer: pain is felt at the midline or at the right side
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Gastric::Gastric/duodenal}} ulcer: Relieved or worsened by food or antacid
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::UGI endoscopy::Diagnostic Test}} - Barrett's esophagus, Gastritis, Peptic ulcer Disease, Achalasia, Esophageal cancer, GERD
Published	07/30/2024	Bloody stool from the upper GI is called a {{c1::Melena}}
Published	07/30/2024	Bloody stool from the lower GI is called a {{c1::hematochezia}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Fecal occult blood::Diagnostic Test}} - For diagnosis of px with peptic ulcer disease using their melena
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Gastroenterostomy::surgical treatment}} – creates a passage between the body of the stomach and jejunum
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Antrectomy::surgical treatment}} – Reduces the acid secreting portion of the stomach; cells that secrete gastrin are excised
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Gastroduodenostomy::surgical treatment}} – Gastric reconstruction surgery known as Billroth {{c2::I}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Gastrojejunostomy::surgical treatment}} – Gastric reconstruction surgery known as Billroth {{c2::II}}
Published	07/30/2024	Patients who underwent a total gastrectomy need to be supplied with {{c1::intrinsic factor}} to prevent {{c2::megaloblastic}} anemia
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Chron's disease::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: occurs at 15 - 20 yrs old & 55 - 60 yrs old
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Chron's disease::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: Right colon is affected
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Ulcerative colitis::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: extent of involvement is continuous
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Ulcerative colitis::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: mucosal inflammation
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Ulcerative colitis::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: watery stools with mucus, pus, and blood
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Chron's disease::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: pain mimics appendicitis
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Chron's disease::Ulcerative colitis/Chron's disease}}: complications include fistrulas, strictures, abscesses, and perforations
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Intussusception}} - There is a slide/misalignment/outpouching of an adjacent segment of an intestine causing obstruction common in {{c1::pe…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Volvulus}} - Abnormal twisting or malrotation of intestines or mesentery
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Small bowel obs.::Small bowel obs./Large bowel obs.}}: non-fecal vomiting
Published	07/30/2024	Decompression of intestinal obstruction is performed by inserting a {{c1::Nasogastric tube (NGT)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Severe cases of intestinal obstruction may require a {{c1::colostomy bag}} which is used to collect fecal matter
Published	07/30/2024	Surgery should be performed on hemorrhoids when there is {{c1::bleeding}}
Published	07/30/2024	A patient with pancreatitis may require ventilation because of {{c1::reactive effusion}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Cholelithiasis::disorder}} is notable for pain that radiates to the back and tip of the scapula or right shoulder
Published	07/30/2024	To emulsify the cholesterol composition in cholelithiasis, one may administer {{c1::chenodeoxycholic acids}}
Published	07/30/2024	The best surgical method for cholelithiasis is a {{c1::laparoscopic cholecystectomy}}
Published	07/30/2024	Hepatitis {{c1::A}} is/are an acute inflammation/s of the liver
Published	07/30/2024	Hepatitis {{c1::A and E}} is/are transmitted through the fecal-oral route
Published	07/30/2024	Hepatitis {{c1::B, C, and D}} is/are transmitted through the parenteral route (blood products) and intimacy (sexual fluids) and usually yield to chron…
Published	07/30/2024	Hepatitis {{c1::B}} has the highest risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma
Published	07/30/2024	Vaccinated individuals against hepatitis will have the presence of {{c1::Anti-HBs (Surface antigen antibody)}} in their blood
Published	07/30/2024	Individuals with past hepatitis will have the presence of {{c1::Anti-HBs (Surface antigen antibody) and Anti-HBc (Core antigen antibody)}} in their bl…
Published	07/30/2024	Individuals with acute hepatitis infection will have the presence of {{c1::HBsAg (Surface antigen) and IgM Anti-HBc (Core antigen antibody)}} in their…
Published	07/30/2024	Individuals with chronic hepatitis infection will have the presence of {{c1::HBsAg (Surface antigen) and IgG Anti-HBc (Core antigen antibody)}} in the…
Published	07/30/2024	Fulminant hepatitis usually occurs in cases of {{c1::acute::acute/subclinical}} hepatitis B
Published	07/30/2024	Cirrhosis is characterized by {{c1::widespread fibrosis and nodule formation::2}}
Published	07/30/2024	4 Types of liver cirrhosis are {{c1::Laennec's, postnecrotic, biliary, and cardiac}}
Published	07/30/2024	Liver inflammation makes you eat {{c1::less::more/less}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Glycogenesis{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Glycogenolysis{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Gluconeogenesis{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Fatty acid and Triglyceride synthesis{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Fatty acid oxidation and Triglyceride release{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Edema and ascites{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Clotting factors{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Protein synthesis{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Conventional sexual characteristics{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Aldosterone levels{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Vitamins and minerals{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[VR] 1. Liver Cirrhosis 2. Fat and ADEK vitamins absorption{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	The {{c1::Alpha-1 Anti-Trypsin (A1AT)}} gene increases the risk of liver cirrhosis
Published	07/30/2024	Liver cirrhosis may proceed to {{c1::carcinoma, portal hypertension, or insufficiency::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Stage of hepatic encelopathy]Euphoria or depression, Mild confusion, Slurred speech, Disordered sleepStage {{c1::I}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Stage of hepatic encelopathy]+/- asterixisStage {{c1::I}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Stage of hepatic encelopathy]Lethargy, Moderate confusionStage {{c1::II}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Stage of hepatic encelopathy]Marked confusion, Incoherent speech, Sleeping but arousableStage {{c1::III}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Stage of hepatic encelopathy]ComaStage {{c1::IV}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Stage of hepatic encelopathy]Definite (+) asterixisStage {{c1::II and III}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Stage of hepatic encelopathy]Definite (-) asterixisStage {{c1::IV}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Stage of hepatic encelopathy]Initially responsive to noxious stimuli but later unresponsiveStage {{c1::IV}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Hepatorenal syndrome}} is a complication of liver cirrhosis where edema lowers blood pressure leading to kidney shutdown
Published	07/30/2024	Patients with liver cirrhosis should receive {{c1::branched::branched/straight}}-chain AAs that have a lower chance of being converted into ammonia
Published	07/30/2024	Liver cirrhosis patietns should be given {{c1::beta-blockers, stomatostatins, vasopressin}} to minimize the pressure within the varices since the…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Laxatives}} are given to patients with liver cirrhosis to decrease the time of contact with bacteria that may produce ammonia
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Rubber band ligation}} is a treatment for esophageal varices where blood supply will be cut off and eventually will be necrotic
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Sclerotherapy}} is a treatment for esophageal varices where a sclerosing agent is injected
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Paracentesis}} is a treatment for esophageal varices where a needle is poked in the abdominal area then the fluid in the peritoneal area is aspi…
Published	07/30/2024	Primary tumors that may cause metastatic liver cancer usually come from the {{c1::GI (colon), breasts, or lungs}}
Published	07/30/2024	Under the {{c1::direct}} pathway, {{c2::Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)}} leads to the inactivation of {{c3::P35}} leading hepatocellular carcinoma
Published	07/30/2024	Under the {{c1::histogenic}} pathway, alcohol and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis may cause  chronic inflammation that leads to regeneration and ev…
Published	07/30/2024	[Liver Cancer Staging]Only one tumor, which has grown into blood vessels, or multiple tumors, none more than {{c2::5}} cm acrossStage {{c1::II}}
Published	07/30/2024	[Liver Cancer Staging]Multiple tumors, at least one more than 5 cm or growing into the portal vein, hepatic vein, a nearby organ other than the gallbl…
Published	07/30/2024	patients with liver cancer usually last {{c1::6 months::prognosis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Elevated levels of {{c1::alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) or Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)::2}} are biomarkers for liver cancer
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Hemorrhoidectomy}} - surgical management where hemorrhoids are taken out through ligation
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Stomatitis::GI Disease}} painful single or multiple ulcerations secondary to viral ({{c2::HSV I & II::virus}}) or fungal ({{c2::Candidiasi…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Achalasia::GI Disease}} manifests as dysphagia (for both solids and liquids), regurgitation of ingested food, pyrosis, weight loss, and halitosi…
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