Notes in Pregnancy

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Published	03/15/2025	What phase of meiosis is the secondary oocyte arrested in before fertilization?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the name of the glycoprotein layer surrounding the secondary oocyte?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the most common site of fertilization in the female reproductive tract?
Published	03/15/2025	How many sperm are typically released during ejaculation?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the first cell stage after sperm and oocyte chromosomes align?
Published	03/15/2025	How many chromosomes does a mature ovum contain before fertilization?
Published	03/15/2025	What triggers the completion of meiosis II in the oocyte?
Published	03/15/2025	What reaction prevents multiple sperm from fertilizing the oocyte?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the chromosomal composition of a fertilized zygote?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the name of the fluid-filled cavity that forms in the blastocyst?
Published	03/15/2025	Which outer cell layer of the blastocyst facilitates implantation and later forms the placenta?
Published	03/15/2025	What hormone does the trophoblast produce?
Published	03/15/2025	What does the embryoblast give rise to?
Published	03/15/2025	What are the three phases of implantation?
Published	03/15/2025	What layer of the uterus is called the decidua in pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What are the three layers of the uterus?
Published	03/15/2025	What keeps contractile proteins in check during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What are the three parts of the decidua?
Published	03/15/2025	What structure invades parental blood vessels to form lacunae?
Published	03/15/2025	What do mesenchymal cells form when they protrude into lacunae?
Published	03/15/2025	By which month of gestation are chorionic villi confined to the chorion?
Published	03/15/2025	What two structures together form the placenta?
Published	03/15/2025	What structure carries oxygenated blood to the fetus?
Published	03/15/2025	What separates fetal and parental blood in the placenta?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the major mechanism by which oxygen crosses the placenta?
Published	03/15/2025	How does glucose cross the placenta in late pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What is actively transported from the parent to the fetus via transferrin receptors?
Published	03/15/2025	What placental hormone is detected early in pregnancy tests?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the peak secretion time for hCG during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	Which placental hormone promotes parental insulin resistance?
Published	03/15/2025	What hormone reduces uterine contractility during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What gland enlarges during pregnancy but maintains normal TSH levels?
Published	03/15/2025	What hormone increases to meet fetal calcium demand?
Published	03/15/2025	Why does the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis remain suppressed in pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What hormone increases twofold due to placental CRH and ACTH stimulation?
Published	03/15/2025	What hormone stimulates the RAS system to increase vascular volume?
Published	03/15/2025	What two hormones contribute to increased red cell volume by stimulating erythropoiesis?
Published	03/15/2025	How does cardiac output change during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What vascular change increases the likelihood of oedema in pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What respiratory parameter increases due to progesterone's effect on respiratory centers?
Published	03/15/2025	What compensatory mechanism keeps pH normal despite mild respiratory alkalosis?
Published	03/15/2025	What lung volume is reduced due to uterine displacement?
Published	03/15/2025	Which coagulation factors increase during pregnancy, contributing to hypercoagulability?
Published	03/15/2025	What hormone increases renal blood flow by reducing renal vascular resistance?
Published	03/15/2025	What is a consequence of increased GFR during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	Why are pregnant individuals more prone to glycosuria and UTIs?
Published	03/15/2025	Which two hormones activate the renin-angiotensin system during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What hormone is responsible for insulin resistance later in pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What happens to maternal metabolism in late pregnancy to prevent hyperglycemia?
Published	03/15/2025	Why does reflux become more common during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What is a long-term consequence of increased calcium metabolism during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What ocular change occurs due to progesterone during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What causes skin hyperpigmentation in pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following structures does a sperm need to penetrate first to fertilize an oocyte?
Published	03/15/2025	What event occurs immediately after sperm binds to the zona pellucida receptor?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the correct sequence of implantation events?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the role of the syncytiotrophoblast (SC)?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the correct order of placental development?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following crosses the placenta via facilitated diffusion?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is a function of hCG?
Published	03/15/2025	Which hormone regulates fuel availability by promoting parental insulin resistance?
Published	03/15/2025	Why do pregnant individuals have high circulating T4 levels but normal free T3 and T4 levels?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the main reason for increased plasma volume during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the primary mechanism by which pregnancy leads to mild respiratory alkalosis?
Published	03/15/2025	Why does pregnancy induce a hypercoagulable state?
Published	03/15/2025	Why does pregnancy increase the risk of oedema despite activation of the renin-angiotensin system?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following contributes to insulin resistance in late pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	Why does gallbladder tone decrease during pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the stages of early embryonic development in the correct order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following events in the correct order during myometrial remodeling in pregnancy:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following events in placental development in the correct order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the sequence of hCG function during pregnancy:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the sequence of cardiovascular adaptations in pregnancy:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the sequence of metabolic adaptations in pregnancy:
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: physiology of pregnancy 1
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: physiology of pregnancy 2
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: physiology of pregnancy 3
Published	03/15/2025	Zygote \| Morula \| Blastomere \| Ampulla
Published	03/15/2025	Blastocele \| Trophoblast \| Embryoblast \| Syncytiotrophoblast \| Decidua
Published	03/15/2025	Decidua basalis \| Chorionic villi \| Umbilical vein \| Umbilical arteries \| GLUT-1 transporter
Published	03/15/2025	hCG \| hPL \| Oestrogen \| Progesterone \| PTH \| Cortisol
Published	03/15/2025	Increases calcium levels for fetal ossification \| Increases due to placental CRH and ACTH
Published	03/15/2025	Zygote \| Morula \| Blastomere \| Ampulla
Published	03/15/2025	Blastocele \| Trophoblast \| Embryoblast \| Syncytiotrophoblast \| Decidua
Published	03/15/2025	Decidua basalis \| Chorionic villi \| Umbilical vein \| Umbilical arteries \| GLUT-1 transporter
Published	03/15/2025	hCG \| hPL \| Oestrogen \| Progesterone \| PTH \| Cortisol
Published	03/15/2025	Increased tidal volume \| Hypercoagulability \| Reduced peripheral resistance \| Elevated cardiac output \| Increased red cell volume
Published	03/15/2025	Increased GFR \| Activation of RAS system \| Insulin resistance in late pregnancy \| Reduced oesophageal tone \| Reduced intraocular pressure
Published	03/15/2025	The [Acrosomal] reaction dissolves the zona pellucida and allows sperm entry.The first mitotic division of a zygote produces two [Blastomeres].The [Zo…
Published	03/15/2025	The [Decidua basalis] is the part of the placenta that is derived from the parent.The chorionic villi are initially spread widely but later become con…
Published	03/15/2025	Fetal CO2 is transported across the placenta by [Simple diffusion].[Iron] is actively transported across the placenta via transferrin receptors.[hCG] …
Published	03/15/2025	Oestrogen stimulates the [Renin-angiotensin (RAS)] system, promoting sodium and water retention and increasing plasma volume.The increase in [Progeste…
Published	03/15/2025	Renal blood flow increases in pregnancy due to [Progesterone], which reduces renal vascular resistance.Increased GFR can lead to [Glycosuria], which m…
Status	Last Update	Fields