Notes in Biology

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::nucleoid}} region is found in {{c1::prokaryotes::eukaryotes or prokaryotes}} and contains {{c1::DNA}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::nucleolus}} makes {{c1::ribosomes}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Peroxisomes {{c1::break down}} material
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::rough::smooth or rough}} ER contains {{c2::ribosomes}}, where {{c3::mRNA}} attaches to enable {{c3::protein synthesis}}
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::smooth::smooth or rough}} ER is involved in {{c2::detox and also in lipid formation}}
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::Golgi Apparatus::organelle}} {{c2::modifies and distributes}} proteins
Published	03/29/2024	In the Vesicular Transport Model, the cis-, medial-, and trans-Golgi cisternae are {{c1::static}} structures
Published	03/29/2024	In the Cisternal Maturation Model, cisternae {{c1::evolve and mature}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Lysosomes}} are the {{c2::demolition}} and {{c2::recycling}} centers of the cell
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Centrioles}} contain 9 groups of {{c1::microtubules}} and they pull {{c1::chromosomes}} apart.
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::plasmid}} is a {{c2::small, circular prokaryotic}} DNA molecule separate from {{c2::chromosomal}} DNA.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Microfilaments}} are the smallest of the three main components that make up the cell's {{c1::cytoskeleton}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Microtubules}} help the cell {{c1::resist}} compression forces.
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::simple squamous}} epithelial tissue.
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::simple cuboidal}} epithelial tissue
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::simple columnar}} epithelial tissue
Published	03/30/2024	This is an example of {{c1::pseudostratified columnar}} epithelial tissue
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::stratified squamous}} epithelial tissue
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::stratified cuboidal}} epithelial tissue
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::stratified columnar}} epithelial tissue
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::transitional}} epithelial tissue
Published	03/30/2024	Bone, cartilage, tendon, blood, and adipose are examples of {{c1::connective}} tissue.
Published	03/29/2024	Epithelial tissue covers {{c1::internal}} and {{c1::external}} surfaces of the body
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::bacilli (rod)::shape}} bacteria
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::cocci (sphere)::shape}} bacteria
Published	03/29/2024	This is an example of {{c1::spirilla (spiral)::shape}} bacteria
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Obligate aerobes::type of microorganism}} require {{c2::O2}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Obligate anaerobes::type of microorganism}} die in {{c2::O2}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Facultative anaerobes::type of microorganism}} toggle between {{c2::aerobic}} and {{c2::anaerobic}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Aerotolerant anaerobes::type of microorganism}} do not use {{c2::O2}} but {{c2::tolerate}} it
Published	03/29/2024	Gram {{c2::+}} is {{c1::purple::color}} and has a {{c1::thick::thick or thin}} wall
Published	03/29/2024	Gram {{c2::-}} is {{c1::pink / red::color}} and has a {{c1::thin::thick or thin}} wall
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Transformation}} is when bacteria get genetic info from {{c2::the environment}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Conjugation}} is the transfer of genetic info via a/an {{c1::conjugation bridge}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Transduction}} is the transfer of genetic material using {{c2::a bacteriophage}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Transposons}} are {{c2::DNA sequences}} that can {{c3::change their position within a genome::do what?}}
Published	03/29/2024	In {{c2::eukaryotes}}, the electron transport chain takes place in the {{c1::inner mitochondrial membrane::cellular component}}.
Published	03/29/2024	In {{c2::prokaryotes}}, the electron transport chain takes place in the {{c1::cell membrane::cellular component}}
Published	03/29/2024	Eukaryotic cells reproduce via {{c1::mitosis}}
Published	03/29/2024	Prokaryotic cells reproduce via {{c1::binary fission}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Prions}} are {{c2::infectious proteins}} and can trigger {{c2::misfolding}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Viroids}} are {{c2::plant pathogens }}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Bacteriophages}} are bacteria viruses that use a {{c2::tail sheath}} to inject DNA / RNA
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::capsid}} is the {{c2::protein shell}} of a virus
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Virions}} are individual virus particles that are found {{c2::extracellular::where?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Viral}} genomes may be made of {{c2::DNA}} or {{c2::RNA}} and may be {{c2::single or double}} stranded
Published	03/29/2024	Retroviruses are {{c2::single}}-stranded {{c1::RNA}}.
Published	03/29/2024	In a {{c1::lytic}} bacteriophage life cycle, {{c2::virions are made until the cell lyses::this happens}}.
Published	03/29/2024	During the {{c1::G1 phase::cell cycle phase}}, cells {{c2::synthesize mRNA and proteins}}
Published	03/29/2024	A cell will enter {{c1::G0 phase::cell cycle phase}} if it {{c2::does not need to divide}}
Published	03/29/2024	At the {{c1::G1}} checkpoint, cells choose whether or not to {{c2::divide}}
Published	03/29/2024	DNA is {{c2::replicated}} in the {{c1::S phase::cell cycle phase}}
Published	03/29/2024	In the {{c1::G2 phase::cell cycle phase}}, cells {{c2::grow and make organelles}}
Published	03/29/2024	At the {{c1::G2}} checkpoint, the cell will check {{c2::that the DNA has replicated correctly}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Mitosis and cytokinesis::2 processes}} occur in the {{c1::M phase::cell cycle phase}}
Published	03/29/2024	The four phases of Mitosis:{{c1::Prophase}}{{c1::Metaphase}}{{c1::Anaphase}}{{c1::Telophase}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Interphase}} includes {{c1::G1, S, and G2 phases::cell cycle phases}}
Published	03/29/2024	In {{c1::prophase::mitosis phase}}, {{c2::the DNA condenses, centrioles migrate to opposite poles, and microtubules form::this happens 3 things}}
Published	03/29/2024	In {{c1::metaphase::mitosis phase}}, {{c2::chromosomes meet in middle of the cell}}
Published	03/29/2024	In {{c1::anaphase::mitosis phase}}, {{c2::sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles}}
Published	03/29/2024	In {{c1::telophase::mitosis phase}}, {{c2::chromosomes decondense, the nuclear membrane forms, and cytokinesis occurs::3 events}}
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::number of complete sets of chromosomes}} in a cell is referred to as the {{c1::ploidy}} of a cell
Published	03/29/2024	The phases of meiosis:{{c1::Prophase IMetaphase IAnaphase ITelophase IProphase IIMetaphase IIAnaphase IITelophase II}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Nondisjunction}} is when {{c2::sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes don’t separate properly::this happens}} during {{c2::a…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Crossing over}} is when {{c2::two chromosomes of a homologous pair exchange segments with each other}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Crossing over}} occurs in {{c1::prophase I::meiosis phase}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::The law of segregation}} states {{c2::that two alleles of each gene become separated}} and {{c2::only one allele from each parent will be p…
Published	03/29/2024	The law of segregation occurs in {{c1::anaphase I::meiosis phase}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Female chromosome pairs are {{c1::XX::XX or XY}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Male chromosome pairs are {{c1::XY::XX or XY}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::X-linked inheritance}} refers to genetic conditions associated with mutations in genes on the X chromosome.
Published	03/29/2024	In {{c2::males}} with an X-linked recessive mutation, the mutation {{c1::will::will or will not}} be expressed.
Published	03/29/2024	In {{c2::females}} that are carriers for an X-linked recessive mutation, the mutation {{c1::will not::will or will not}} be expressed&n…
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::SRY gene::gene}} is responsible for initiation of {{c2::male sex determination}} and codes for {{c2::testicles}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Semen}} is a combination of {{c1::sperm}} and {{c1::seminal fluid}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::bulbourethral gland}} makes {{c2::viscous fluid}} to {{c2::clean out the urethra::function}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Seminal vesicles}} and the {{c1::prostate gland}} make {{c2::alkaline fluid}} to help {{c2::sperm}} survive {{c3::the acidic envi…
Published	03/29/2024	Pathway of sperm during ejaculation:{{c1::SEVE(N) UP mnemonic}}
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::ovaries}} have {{c2::follicles}} that produce ova.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Oogenesis}} is the production of {{c2::female gametes}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Estrogen::Hormone}} develops {{c2::the female reproductive tract}} and thickens the {{c2::uterine wall}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Progesterone::Hormone}} {{c2::maintains and protects the endometrium::function}}
Published	03/29/2024	Female egg pathway:{{c1::Ovary → fallopian tube → Uterus → Cervix → Vagina}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Luteinizing Hormone (LH)}} {{c2::induces ovulation::function}} in females and, in males, it {{c2::initiates the production of testosterone.…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::GnRH}} stimulates the {{c3::anterior pituitary}} to release {{c1::FSH}} and {{c1::LH}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Fertilization}} occurs in the {{c1::fallopian tube}}.
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::morula}} is {{c2::a solid ball of cells}} resulting from {{c2::division of a fertilized ovum}}
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::blastula}} is a {{c2::hollow sphere of cells}}, referred to as {{c2::blastomeres}} that {{c2::implants in the endometrial lining.::doe…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Ectoderm::Germ layer}} develops into the {{c2::nervous system, skin, hair, nails, mouth, and anus}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Mesoderm::Germ layer}} develops into {{c2::musculoskeletal system, circulatory system, gonads, and adrenal cortex}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Endoderm::Germ layer}} develops into the {{c2::GI tract, respiratory tract, endocrine glands, bronchi, bladder, and stomach}}
Published	03/29/2024	The CNS and PNS derive from the {{c1::ectoderm, neural fold and neural tube to be more specfic::germ layer}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Totipotent}} stem cells have the potential to {{c2::develop into any cell found in the human body}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Pluripotent}} stem cells can be {{c2::any cell except those found in placental structures}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Multipotent}} stem cells can develop into {{c2::multiple specialized cell types}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Fetal}} hemoglobin has a {{c1::greater::greater or lesser}} affinity for O2 than adult hemoglobin.
Published	03/29/2024	Blood in the umbilical {{c2::artery}} is {{c1::deoxygenated::oxygenated or deoxygenated}}
Published	03/29/2024	Blood in the umbilical {{c2::vein}} is {{c1::oxygenated::oxygenated or deoxygenated}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Fraternal}} twins are {{c1::dizygotic}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Identical}} twins are {{c1::monozygotic}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Cell determination}} is when {{c2::a cell commits to becoming a certain type of cell }}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Cell differentiation}} is when {{c2::a cell acquires the structures and functions of a specialized cell}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Induction}} is when a group of cells {{c2::influence the fate of nearby cells::do what?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Autocrine signaling}} is when the cell secretes a hormone or chemical messenger that {{c2::binds to a receptor on itself}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Paracrine}} signaling is when a cell produces a signal to {{c2::induce changes in nearby cells}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Juxtacrine}} signaling is when a cell signals another cell that is {{c2::directly adjacent or attached}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Endocrine}} signaling releases signals into the {{c2::bloodstream}}, which carries them to {{c2::target cells in distant parts of the body}…
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::shunt}} is a {{c2::hole or a small passage}} which allows {{c2::fluid to move from one part of the body to another}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Foramen Ovale}} is a {{c2::shunt}} between the right and left atria that allows {{c3::blood to bypass the fetal lungs}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::ductus arteriosus}} is a {{c2::shunt}} that allows {{c3::blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus's non-functioning lungs}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Afferent}} neurons {{c2::ascend::ascend or descend}} the spinal cord and carry {{c3::sensory information}} to {{c3::the brain, aka CNS}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Efferent}} neurons {{c2::exit}} the spinal cord and bring signals from the {{c3::brain}} to the {{c3::muscles and glands}}
Published	03/29/2024	Neurons that {{c2::transmit impulses between other neurons}}, especially as part of a {{c2::reflex arc}}, are called {{c1::interneurons}}.
Published	03/29/2024	When {{c2::one}} presynaptic neuron(s) releases multiple neurotransmitters {{c3::over a period of time}} and trigger an action pot…
Published	03/29/2024	When {{c2::multiple}} presynaptic neuron(s) release neurotransmitters {{c3::at the same time}} and trigger an action potential, it is known …
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Action potential}} is the mechanism by which {{c2::electrical signals}} travel through the nervous system.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::amplitude}} of an action potential is {{c1::independent::dependent or independent}} of the amount of current that produced it…
Published	03/29/2024	Na+ concentration is {{c2::higher}} {{c1::outside::inside or outside}} the cell.
Published	03/29/2024	K+ concentration is {{c2::higher}} {{c1::inside::inside or outside}} the cell
Published	03/29/2024	A {{c2::polarized membrane}} has an electrical {{c1::potential difference}} across the cell membrane.
Published	03/29/2024	When a membrane is {{c3::depolariz}}ed, the {{c2::membrane potential}} becomes more {{c1::positive::positive or negative}} compared to its {{c2::…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Membrane potential}} is {{c2::an electrical potential difference between the inside and outside of a cell}}
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::resting membrane potential (voltage)}} of a cell is approximately {{c1::-70}} mV
Published	03/29/2024	When the membrane potential is {{c2::depolarized}} during an action potential, it reaches a peak of around {{c1::+40}} mV.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Depolarization}} occurs when {{c1::Na+}} ions flow {{c2::in.::where?}}
Published	03/29/2024	Na+ ions enter the cell through {{c1::voltage-gated Na+ channels}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Repolarization}} occurs when {{c1::K+}} ions exit the neuron.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Hyperpolarization}} is when the membrane potential {{c2::dips below the resting potential.::does what?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c3::Hyperpolarization}} occurs because {{c2::K+ channels}} are {{c1::slow to close}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The Na+/ K+ Pump moves Na+ and K+ in the following amounts and directions{{c1::3::amount}} {{c2::Na+}} {{c1::out of::direction}} t…
Published	03/29/2024	The cell membrane is {{c1::highly}} permeable to {{c2::K+}} and {{c1::slightly}} permeable to {{c2::Na+}}
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::synapse}} is a {{c2::junction}} between two nerve cells
Published	03/29/2024	At a chemical synapse, {{c3::an action potential}} triggers the {{c2::presynaptic neuron}} to release {{c1::neurotransmitters}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Ca2+}} enters the {{c2::presynaptic cell}} and allows {{c3::vesicles with neurotransmitters}} inside to {{c3::fuse with the …
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::chemical synapse::type of synapse}} communicates using {{c2::chemical messengers (neurotransmitters)}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Ca2+ enter the {{c2::presynaptic}} cell through {{c1::voltage-gated calcium channels}} in the cell membrane.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::An excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)::Type of postsynaptic potential}} {{c1::depolarizes::depolarizes or hyperpolarizes}} the cell.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::An inhibitory post-synaptic potential (IPSP)::Type of postsynaptic potential}} {{c1::hyperpolarizes::depolarizes or hyperpolarizes}} the ce…
Published	03/29/2024	Give 3 ways the signal in a synapse can be {{c2::terminated::_______-ed}}:{{c1::Breakdown}} by enzymes{{c1::Reuptake}} by presynaptic n…
Published	03/29/2024	The cells in {{c2::an electrical}} synapse are connected by {{c1::gap junctions}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Electrical}} synapses are {{c1::faster::faster or slower}} than {{c2::chemical}} synapses.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Neurotransmitters}} are stored in {{c2::synaptic vesicles}} and are released when {{c3::Ca2+}} enters the {{c3::axon terminal}} in res…
Published	03/29/2024	The primary neurotransmitter at {{c2::neuromuscular junctions}} is {{c1::Acetylcholine}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The main {{c2::excitatory}} transmitter in the {{c3::CNS}} is {{c1::Glutamate}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The main {{c2::inhibitory}} neurotransmitter in the {{c3::brain}} is {{c1::GABA}}
Published	03/29/2024	The main {{c2::inhibitory}} neurotransmitter in the {{c3::spinal cord}} is {{c1::glycine}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Ionotropic}} receptors operate via {{c1::direct::direct or indirect}} neurotransmitter action.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Metabotropic}} receptors operate via {{c1::indirect::direct or indirect}} neurotransmitter action
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Glial cells}} {{c2::surround}} neurons and provide {{c2::support and insulation}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Astrocytes}} form the {{c2::blood-brain barrier}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Ependymal cells}} form {{c2::the barrier between cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid of the CNS}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Microglia}} {{c2::digest waste in CNS.::functions to do what?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Schwann cells}} make {{c2::myelin in PNS}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Oligodendrocytes}} make {{c2::myelin in CNS}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Myelinated sheaths}} make up the {{c1::white::white or grey}} matter in the brain.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Cell bodies and dendrites (unmyelinated)}} make up the {{c1::grey::white or grey}} matter in the brain.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::brain and spinal cord}} make up the {{c1::central}} nervous system.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::The nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord is::What makes up}} the {{c1::peripheral}} nervous system.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::sympathetic}} nervous system controls our {{c2::fight or flight}} response.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::parasympathetic}} nervous system controls our {{c2::rest and digest}} functions.
Published	03/29/2024	Hormones can be grouped into three main types:{{c1::Peptide hormones}}{{c1::Amine hormones}}{{c1::Steroid hormones}}
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::peptide hormone::... hormone}} is a hormone that consists of {{c2::amino acids}}.
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::steroid hormone::... hormone}} is {{c2::a steroid that acts as a hormone}}
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::amine hormones::... hormones}} are relatively small hormones derived from {{c2::the amino acids tyrosine and t…
Published	03/29/2024	Insulin and glucagon are {{c1::peptide hormones::... hormones}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::G-Protein Coupled Receptor (GPCR)}} is a membrane receptor with 7 transmembrane domains that {{c2::transfers a signal from outside the cell to t…
Published	03/29/2024	A/an {{c1::G-protein coupled receptor}} is a membrane receptor that interacts with a special protein called a G-protein.
Published	03/29/2024	GPCRs are {{c2::integral membrane proteins}} that possess {{c1::seven::#}} {{c3::membrane-spanning domains or …
Published	03/29/2024	The G-Protein is classified as a {{c2::heterotrimeric}} protein because {{c1::it is made up of 3 subunits: α, β, γ}}.
Published	03/29/2024	In the term G-protein, the "G" refers to {{c1::the fact that they bind GTP and GDP}}.
Published	03/29/2024	Give the steps in the GPCR sequence:1 - {{c1::Ligand binds to GPCR}}2 - {{c1::GPCR undergoes conformational change}}3 - {{c1::Alpha subunit exchanges …
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Adrenergic receptors::... receptors}} are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targeted by {{c2::catecholamines like norepinephr…
Published	03/29/2024	In an adrenergic receptor sequence, {{c2::adenylyl cyclase}} {{c3::removes 2 phosphates from::does this to}} {{c1::ATP}} to produce&nbs…
Published	03/29/2024	In the GPCR sequence, {{c2::cAMP}} is a second messenger which {{c1::triggers a response inside the cell}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::cAMP}}, {{c2::Ca2+}}, and {{c2::inositol phosphates}} are {{c1::common 2nd messengers}}.
Published	03/29/2024	cAMP signaling is turned {{c3::off}} when {{c1::phosphodiesterase::enzyme}} {{c2::breaks the ring of cAMP and turns it into AMP.::…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Direct hormones::... hormones}} act {{c2::directly on the target tissue or organ.::how?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Tropic hormones::... hormones}} are hormones that act on {{c2::endocrine glands}}, {{c2::usually inducing them to secrete other hormon…
Published	03/29/2024	Type {{c1::1::#}} diabetes is a {{c2::chronic::time period}} condition in which {{c2::the pancreas produces little or no insulin.::what occurs?}}
Published	03/29/2024	Type {{c1::2::#}} diabetes is a {{c2::chronic::time period}} condition in which {{c3::insulin receptors become desensitized and are not responsive to …
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::hypothalamus::brain structure}} is in charge of {{c2::homeostasis}} and the {{c2::4 F’s}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Gonadotropin-releasing hormone::... hormone}} stimulates the {{c2::anterior pituitary}} to release {{c2::FSH and LH}}.
Published	03/30/2024	{{c1::Growth hormone-releasing hormone::... hormone}} stimulates the {{c2::anterior pituitary}} to release {{c2::GH}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Thyrotropin-releasing hormone::... hormone}} stimulates the {{c2::anterior pituitary}} to release {{c2::TSH}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Corticotropin-releasing hormone::... hormone}} stimulates the {{c2::anterior pituitary}} to release {{c2::ACTH}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Dopamine}} {{c2::inhibits}} {{c3::prolactin}} release from the {{c3::anterior pituitary}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)}} promotes {{c1::increased::increased or decreased}} {{c3::water retention}} and {{c1::decreased:…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Oxytocin}} stimulates {{c2::uterine contractions}} and {{c2::breast milk EJECTION}} among other functions.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::anterior pituitary::brain structure}} releases hormones that regulate {{c2::stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::FSH::Hormone}} has the following effects:In males, it {{c2::triggers spermatogenesis and stimulates Sertoli cells.}}In females, i…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::LH::Hormone}} is a {{c2::gonadotropin}} that {{c2::induces ovulation.::does what?}}
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::ACTH::Hormone}} stimulates the {{c3::adrenal gland}} to produce and release {{c2::cortisol}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::TSH::Hormone}} stimulates the {{c2::thyroid}} to produce {{c3::Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3)}}, which will stimulate {…
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Prolactin::Hormone}} stimulates {{c2::milk PRODUCTION}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Endorphins}} are released from the {{c2::anterior pituitary}} and {{c2::decrease pain::function}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c1::Growth hormone::Hormone}} stimulates {{c2::growth and cell reproduction}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c1::posterior pituitary::brain structure}} releases {{c2::oxytocin}} and {{c2::antidiuretic hormone (ADH)}}.
Published	03/29/2024	The {{c2::pancreas}} secretes {{c3::digestive}} enzymes into the {{c1::duodenum}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::α}}-islet cells of the pancreas release {{c1::glucagon}}.
Published	03/29/2024	{{c2::ß}}-islet cells of the pancreas release {{c1::insulin}}.
Status	Last Update	Fields