Notes in Haemostasis LECTURE 26

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Published	01/07/2025	what is haemostasis?mechanism ensuring {{c1::blood remains fluid while damaged vessels are quickly fixed to stop excess loss}}There is not an {{c1::ex…
Published	01/07/2025	what are the types of haemostasis?describe them.{{c1::primary: interactions between platelets and vascular endothelial cells}}{{c1::secondary: clottin…
Published	01/07/2025	megakaryocytesWhere are they found?reside in the {{c1::bone marrow}}What is the process via which they form platelets?form platelets via {{c1::endomit…
Published	01/07/2025	platelet - granules:Highly specialised {{c1::anucleate}} cells, with lots of structures inside including:{{c1::alpha granules}}: fibrinogen, von Wileb…
Published	01/07/2025	how does a primary haemostasis happen?{{c1::injury}} causes destruction to endothelial cellsplatelets come in contact with the {{c1::collagen fib…
Published	01/07/2025	what is the Von Willebrand factor?a larger multimeric {{c1::glycoprotein}}Binds to exposed {{c1::collagen fibres}} after injury to the endothelia…
Published	01/07/2025	which glycoprotein complex sticks to von Willebrand multimeres and FIBRINOGEN?{{c1::GPIIbIIIa}}do not stick to {{c1::collagen fibres}}
Published	01/07/2025	platelet function{{c1::adhesion}}{{c1::aggregation}}release of {{c1::alpha granule}} content
Published	01/07/2025	coagulation (blood clotting) cascade is part of the {{c1::secondary}} haemostasis
Published	01/07/2025	Coagulation Cascade: Extrinsic pathway:Initiation of the coagulation cascade begins with interaction between {{c1::tissue factor}} (secreted by f…
Published	01/07/2025	Function of the coagulation cascade:Synthesise many {{c1::fibrin}} fibres that will reinforce the platelet plug and eventually form a {{c1::blood…
Published	01/07/2025	Vitamin K inhibitor: DRUG: {{c1::Warfarin}}, stops activity of vitamin K reductase - inhibits coagulation cascade, which recycles vitamin K.
Published	01/07/2025	Vitamin K deficiency is seen in new borns and adults due to {{c1::dietary restrictions}}Liver disease affects {{c1::absorption}} of vitamin K
Published	01/07/2025	NATURAL ANTICOAGULANTS:TFPI: Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor •Binds factor {{c1::Xa}}, forming a complex that rapidly inhibits the {{c1::TF-…
Published	01/07/2025	What is the role of Tissue factor pathway inhibitor?to ensure coagulation cascade is active only at the {{c1::site of injury}}
Published	01/07/2025	Coagulation cascade regulation:Important for the Coagulation cascade to be rightly regulated so that it is only activated where there is a need s…
Published	01/07/2025	Coagulation Inhibition:Thrombin (FIIa) binds on endothelial cell receptor called {{c1::thrombomodulin}} (on vascular endothelial wall).This leads to a…
Published	01/07/2025	Protein C and Protein S:Activity of protein C (made in {{c1::liver}}) relies on {{c1::protein S cofactor}}, which is vitamin {{c1::K}} dependentP…
Published	01/07/2025	Antithrombin:What is it?> Potent coagulation {{c1::inhibitor}} - important for regulation of coagulation cascadeWhat is it made by?> Small …
Published	01/07/2025	Fibrinolysis:•Starts approx. {{c1::24-48 hours}} after vessel wall injury{{c1::Anti-coagulant}} mechanism aimed at preventing excessive clot form…
Published	01/07/2025	Plasminogen: Normally kept inactive by {{c1::tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor.}}When thrombin is present it will bind on {{c1::thrombo…
Published	01/07/2025	What are some bleeding disorders?{{c1::Blood vessel/vascular disorders}}{{c1::Platelet disorders}}{{c1::Coagulation pathway disorders}}
Published	01/07/2025	What factors is vitamin K essential for?synthesis of which active factors?
Published	01/07/2025	What condition could affect absorption of vitamin K?
Published	01/07/2025	What factors does TFPI inhibit?
Published	01/07/2025	Anti-coagulant mechanism aimed at preventing excessive clot formation
Published	01/07/2025	Factors in coag cascade:Extrinsic: {{c1::III, VII, X}}Intrinsic: {{c1::VIII, IX, XI, XII, X}}Common: {{c1::X, V, II, I}}
Published	01/07/2025	What are the key players in secondary haemostasis?
Published	01/07/2025	Protein C inhibits?
Published	01/07/2025	Haemostasis is the balance of {{c1::procoagulant}} and {{c1::anticoagulant}} forces
Published	01/07/2025	why is Thrombin FIIa so important?Activates {{c1::platelets}} Activates by positive feedback several co-factors in the coagulation cascade: {{c1::FV, …
Published	01/07/2025	Function of serotonin and ADP (both stored in the electron dense granules)?
Published	01/07/2025	Vitamin K: Coagulation cascade relies on thisWhat is it and where is it found?>{{c1::Fat soluble}} vitamin present in green vegetables and syn…
Published	01/07/2025	platelets - membrane glycoproteinsfor platelet adhesion to {{c1::vascular endothelium}} and collagen/platelet aggregationglycoprotein {{c1::Ib-IX…
Published	01/07/2025	Heparin:type of coagulant: {{c1::anti-coagulant}}enhances activity of {{c1::antithrombin}}
Published	01/07/2025	What are the key players in primary haemostasis?
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