Notes in 06 Breast masses

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses All entirely fat-density circumscribed masses are benign (BI-RADS {{c1::2}}).
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A {{c2::lipoma}} is a benign lesion composed of mature {{c1::adipocytes}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Is mammography sufficient to make the diagnosis of a benign lipoma?{{c1::Yes}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On ultrasound, a(n) {{c1::lipoma}} will appear as an oval isoechoic or hyperechoic mass with a circumscribed margin. …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On mammography, a(n) {{c1::lipoma}} and will demonstrate a radiolucent mass that may have a thin discrete rim
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A(n) {{c1::oil cyst}} is a form of fat necrosis and can occur post-{{c2::trauma}} or {{c2::surgery}}. Fat necrosis ca…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On mammography, a(n) {{c1::oil cyst}} will demonstrate a circumscribed, lucent lesion that can peripherally calcify.&…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Like purely fatty masses, all fat-containing circumscribed masses are {{c1::benign}} (BI-RADS {{c2::2}}).
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A(n) {{c1::hamartoma}}, also known as a fibroadenolipoma, is a benign mass containing fat and glandular tissue elemen…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses What breat lesion is often described as a “breast within a breast”?{{c1::Hamartoma}}It is composed of the same elemen…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The classic mammographic appearance of a {{c1::hamartoma}} is an oval mass of mixed soft tissue and fat density with …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses At ultrasound, a {{c1::hamartoma}} will be seen as an oval circumscribed heterogeneous echotexture (mixed hypoechoic …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Is it possible for breast cancer to occur within a hamartoma?{{c1::Yes, but rare.}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A {{c1::galactocele}} is a cystic collection of milk that can present as a palpable mass in a lactating woman.  …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On mammography, a {{c1::galactocele}} typically appears as an oval mass with circumscribed margins. This may be soft …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On ultrasound, a galactocele may have a variable appearance. If ultrasound shows a hypoechoic, heterogeneous or co…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses An intramammary lymph node is benign normal structure within the breast. The vast majority of intramammary lymph node…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On mammography, a(n) {{c1::intramammary lymph node}} should have a characteristic reniform shape with a fatty hilum (…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses If the hilum of an intramammary lymph node is not visible, a full workup should be performed including {{c1::spot compre…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Ultrasound of a(n) {{c1::intramammary node}} will show a {{c3::hypo}}echoic mass with central echogenicity that repre…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses There are almost always lymph nodes present in the axilla. If there is unilateral axillary lymph node enlargement and…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Is it possible to reliably differentiate cystic versus solid lesions on mammography?{{c1::No}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A {{c1::simple cyst}} is a benign, fluid-filled structure that is round or oval in shape, with circumscribed margins …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A cyst that meets criteria is benign and can be classified as BI-RADS {{c1::2}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Is it ever appropriate to aspirate a simple cyst?{{c1::Yes, if it is causing pain or discomfort}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A {{c1::complicated}} cyst is a cyst that contains {{c2::low}}-level internal echoes or layering debris, but otherwis…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A complicated cyst is highly likely to be benign, with risk of malignancy below {{c4::2}}%. If {{c3::solitary}}, a co…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Occasionally, a complicated cyst may be difficult to differentiate from a solid mass with homogeneous internal echoes…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Thought to be due to {{c3::apocrine metaplasia}} or {{c2::fibrocystic change}}, {{c1::clustered microcysts}} are comp…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Clustered microcysts can be classified as BI-RADS {{c1::3}} if well seen with no solid component and no associated in…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The BI-RADS term {{c1::complex cystic and solid mass}} describes a cyst with any solid feature, including thick walls…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A complex cystic and solid mass is a BI-RADS {{c1::4 (suspicious)}} lesion that should be {{c2::biopsied::management}…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Malignancies that may present as a {{c1::complex cystic and solid mass::BIRADS term}} include {{c2::Ductal Carcinoma …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Benign causes of a {{c1::complex cystic and solid mass::BIRADS term}} include {{c2::papilloma}}, {{c3::hematoma}}, {{…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Fibroadenoma}} is a benign neoplasm common in young women under age 35 and is the most frequent cause of a palp…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The classic mammographic appearance of a {{c1::fibroadenoma}} is an oval, equal density circumscribed mass, although …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A {{c1::hyalinizing fibroadenoma}}, typically seen in older women, has a definitively benign mammographic appearance …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The typical ultrasound appearance of a {{c1::fibroadenoma}} is an oval, circumscribed mass with {{c2::homo}}geneous&n…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Occasionally, a histologically benign fibroadenoma may have more suspicious features on ultrasound including irregula…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On MRI, {{c1::fibroadenoma}} typically appears as an oval, circumscribed mass with iso- or hyperintense T2 signal and…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Masses presenting with imaging features typical of a fibroadenoma are often either {{c2::followed}} (BI-RADS {{c1::3}…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses If the following ultrasound features are met, the presumed fibroadenoma can be classified as BI-RADS 3, with a false …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Variants of fibroadenoma include juvenile fibroadenoma and giant fibroadenoma. A juvenile fibroadenoma is seen in ado…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Fibroadenoma may appear identical to a {{c1::phyllodes tumor}}, especially when larger.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Lesion: {{c1::Epidermal inclusion cyst}}Arrows: {{c2::Claw sign}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH)}} is a benign entity of unknown etiology composed of stromal and m…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On mammography and ultrasound, PASH appears as a {{c1::round::shape}} or {{c1::oval::shape}} noncalcified mass with c…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses MRI features of PASH are nonspecific. However, the presence of high T{{c1::2}} signal slit-like spaces and cystic com…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Does PASH have malignant potential?{{c1::No}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A {{c1::papilloma}} is a benign tumor of lactiferous ducts, usually seen in women between ages {{c2::30 and 50}}.&nbs…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Papillomas that occur in the larger retroareolar ducts are referred to as {{c1::solitary papillomas}}. Those that occ…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Solitary papillomas}} are the most common cause of pathologic (bloody, serous, or serosanguinous) nipple discha…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The mammographic appearance of a {{c1::papilloma}} includes a round or oval, predominantly circumscribed mass, a tubu…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The majority of papillomas that present with nipple discharge are mammographically occult, but if visible on imaging …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On ultrasound, a papilloma may appear as a round or oval {{c1::hypo}}echoic or complex cystic mass. When causing nipp…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses What two studies may be utilized for characterization for patients presenting with nipple discharge with no visible find…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses What management is recommended for papillomas with atypia or other suspicious features? {{c1::Surgical excision}}&nbs…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses It is uncommon for breast carcinoma to be circumscribed, but a {{c1::new}} circumscribed mass must prompt suspicion e…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Which is more common, solitary mets to the breast or multiple?{{c1::Solitary}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A hematogenous metastasis to the breast most commonly presents as a {{c1::circumscribed round}} mass.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses What two cancers have a propensity to metastasize to the breast?{{c1::Melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (RCC)}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Size is a {{c1::poor}} predictor of malignancy for solid circumscribed masses.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A {{c1::giant fibroadenoma}} is simply a large fibroadenoma >{{c2::8}} cm in size which is otherwise similar in ap…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A {{c1::phyllodes tumor}} is a rare, {{c2::rapidly}} growing tumor that is typically large when first detected  …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The typical mammographic appearance of phyllodes tumor is a {{c1::large::size}}, oval, {{c2::circumscribed::margins}}…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The typical ultrasonographic appearance of phyllodes tumor is a circumscribed mass with {{c1::heterogeneous}} interna…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The majority of phyllodes tumors are {{c1::benign::benign or malignant}}?
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses What is the management for phyllodes tumor?{{c1::Wide surgical excision}} Incomplete excision leads to recurrence.&nb…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Lactating}} adenomas are seen in the second or third trimester of pregnancy or the postpartum period.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Management of lactating adenoma?{{c1::Benign and does not need excision after biopsy.}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses An acute hematoma may appear {{c1::high}}-density on mammogram. On ultrasound, both hematoma and seroma should be flu…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Triple-negative breast cancer typically presents with a {{c1::larger}} size than other subtypes of breast cancer, and…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Multiple bilateral circumscribed breast masses are defined as at least {{c1::three}} circumscribed masses, with at le…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Multiple bilateral circumscribed breast masses are most commonly {{c1::multiple cysts}} or {{c1::fibroadenomas}}.&nbs…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses If no concerning imaging features are present, multiple bilateral circumscribed breast masses can be classified as BI…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses What type of intraductal papillomas are more common in younger patients?{{c1::Multiple}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses When multiple, papillomas tend to be more {{c1::peripheral}} in location and bilateral. In contrast to solitary papil…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Which type of papillomas are more frequently associated with pathologic nipple discharge?{{c1::Solitary}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Papillomatosis}} represents microscopic foci of intraductal hyperplasia with a papillary architecture. It is a …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Juvenile papillomatosis}} is a rare cause of a mass that resembles a fibroadenoma in adolescents or younger wom…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::DCIS}} can present as multiple masses, typically in {{c2::segmental}} distribution.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)}} is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disease that features pigmentary chang…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On mammography, multiple cutaneous neurofibromas may appear as multiple skin masses outlined by {{c1::air}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Steatocystoma multiplex}} is a rare, autosomal dominant disease of multiple intradermal cysts containing {{c2::…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A typical mammographic appearance of IDC is a high density, {{c1::spiculated::margins}} mass. Malignant-type (e.g., {…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses ILC may present as a mass (with or without spiculation) or subtle {{c1::architectural distortion}} (which may be seen…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Which is often more multifocal or bilateral, IDC of ILC?{{c1::ILC}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Tubular}} carcinoma is a slow-growing subtype of {{c2::IDC}} that typically presents as a small, spiculated mas…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A {{c1::radial scar}} is a benign proliferative lesion of the breast.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A complex sclerosing lesion is histologically identical to a radial scar, but is used to describe those that are larg…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The mammographic and ultrasound appearance of a {{c1::radial scar}} may be identical to cancer, appearing as a spicul…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Management of radial scar?{{c1::Biopsy}} and {{c1::surgical excision}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses A post-surgical scar, either due to prior lumpectomy or excisional biopsy, may be indistinguishable on mammography fr…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Sonographic features suspicious of lymph node metastasis include: {{c1::Round}} shape.Thickened (>{{c2::3}} mm)…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Bilateral adenopathy is more likely to be due to a {{c1::systemic}} process, including collagen vascular disease, lym…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The axillary {{c1::tail of Spence}} is normal extension of fibroglandular tissue into the axilla.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Epidermal inclusion cysts and sebaceous cysts are commonly seen in the {{c1::axilla}} though they can occur anywhere.…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Angiosarcoma}} of the breast is a rare and aggressive malignancy that may be primary in origin, or secondary to…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses {{c1::Radiation-associated angiosarcoma}} arises in the breast dermis and subcutis, presenting as areas of skin thickeni…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On MRI, angiosarcoma is {{c1::hyper}}intense on T2-weighted images and demonstrates {{c2::intense}} enhancement.&nbsp…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses The most common primary breast lymphoma is {{c1::diffuse large B-cell lymphoma}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses On mammography, lymphoma may present as a mass with {{c1::indistinct}} margins. On ultrasound, lymphoma typically app…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Are calcifications present in breast lymphoma?{{c1::Rarely}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Next step when breast lymphoma is suggested?{{c1::Biopsy}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a rare primary {{c1::T}}-cell lymphoma of the breast. It …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesDiagnosis of breast masses often requires a {{c1::multimodal}} approach (i.e. mammography, US, MRI).
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesAll purely {{c1::fat}} density {{c1::circumscribed}} margin masses are {{c2::benign (BI-RADS 2)}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Lipomas}} are benign lesions composed of mature adipocytes.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesLipoma on mammography will show a {{c1::radiolucent}} density mass that may have a {{c1::thin discrete}} rim.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesDoes a breast lipoma exhibit peripheral calcification?{{c1::No}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesBreast Lipoma on U/S will show an {{c1::oval}}-shaped, {{c2::iso}}echoic or {{c2::hyper}}echoic mass, with {{c3::well::we…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesAn {{c1::oil cyst}} is a form of {{c3::fat necrosis}} and can occur post-{{c2::trauma}} or {{c2::surgery}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesFat necrosis has variable imaging appearances, but presents more commonly as {{c1::dystrophic calcification::oil cyst/dys…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesDoes a breast oil cyst exhibit peripheral calcification?{{c1::Yes}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesOil cysts on mammography show a {{c2::well::well/ill}}-circumscribed radio{{c1::lucent}} mass with peripheral {…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesOil cysts on ultrasound show a {{c2::round}} or {{c2::oval}} shaped mass with {{c1::variable}} echotexture.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesOil cysts on MRI show {{c1::internal fat}} signal and may have {{c1::rim}} enhancement
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesLike purely fatty masses, all {{c1::fat-containing}} circumscribed masses are benign (BI-RADS 2).
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Hamartomas (fibroadenolipomas)}} are benign masses containing {{c2::fat}} and {{c2::glandular}} tissue elements.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesHamartomas (fibroadenolipomas) are composed of tissue similar to normal breasts, but focally demarcated by a {{…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesHamartomas on U/S show an {{c1::oval}}-shaped, {{c2::hetero}}geneous, {{c3::well::well/ill}}-circumscribed&nbsp…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesHamartomas on mammography show an {{c1::oval}}-shaped, {{c2::well::well/ill}}-circumscribed mass of {{c3::…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesIt is possible (but rare) for breast cancer to occur within a hamartoma because of it's {{c1::fibroglandular}} elements.&…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Galactoceles}} are cystic collections of milk that can present as a palpable masses in a {{c2::lactating woman::dem…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesGalactoceles on mammography show an {{c1::oval}}-shaped, {{c1::well::well/ill}}-circumscribed mass with either …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesIf a palpable mass in a lactating patient is fat density or has a fat-fluid level it is {{c1::benign}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesGalactoceles on ultrasound have a {{c1::variable}} appearance.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesAspiration of a galactocele would reveal a {{c1::milky}} fluid.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Intramammary lymph nodes}} are benign normal structures within the breast, commonly in the {{c2::upper outer}}…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesIntramammary lymph nodes on mammography show a {{c1::reniform}}-shape with a {{c1::fatty hilum}} (a lucent notch in …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesIf the hilum of a possible intramammary lymph node is not visualized, a full workup including {{c1::spot compression}} an…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesAn intramammary lymph node can usually be diagnosed with {{c1::mammography}} alone.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesIntramammary lymph nodes on U/S show a {{c1::hypo}}echoic mass with {{c1::central::location}} echogenicity that repr…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesWhile normal intramammary lymph nodes are only sometimes seen in the breast, lymph nodes are almost always present in the…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesUnilateral axillary lymph node enlargement and/or abnormal morphology should raise suspicion of {{c1::ipsilateral breast …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesBilateral axillary lymph node enlargement and/or abnormal morphology should raise suspicion of {{c1::systemic d…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesCan cystic vs. solid lesions be reliably differentiated on mammography without compression?{{c1::No}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesUnder spot compression, a cystic lesion may become {{c1::less::more/less}} dense due to it's compressibility.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesSimple cysts on U/S show an {{c1::oval}}-shaped, {{c1::well::well/ill}}-circumscribed, internally {{c2::an}}echoic mass w…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesA simple cyst causing pain or discomfort may be {{c1::aspirated::intervention}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesComplicated cysts on U/S show {{c1::low-level internal}} echoes or {{c1::layering}} debris, but otherwise meets…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesIf a complicated cyst cannot be differentiated from a solid mass, {{c1::aspiration}} or {{c1::core biopsy}} may be needed
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesIf the aspirated cystic fluid is white, clear, or yellow, the fluid is presumed {{c1::benign}}; Bloody fluid is sent for …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Clustered microcysts}} are composed of several adjacent {{c2::2–5 mm cystic spaces}} separated by {{c2::thin (<0…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesClustered microcysts are thought to be due to {{c1::apocrine metaplasia}} or {{c1::fibrocystic changes}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesClustered microcysts can be classified as {{c1::BI-RADS 3}} if they lack {{c2::solid components}} and {{c2::int…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesClustered microcysts may eventually evolve into {{c1::simple benign cysts}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesThe BI-RADS term complex cystic and solid mass describes a cyst with any solid feature, including {{c1::thick}} walls, {{…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesWhen biopsying complex cystic and solid masses, solid components are targeted with a {{c1::core needle::Bx method}}, then…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesComplex cystic and solid mass are cancerous {{c1::⅓::ratio}} of the time
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesMalignancies which may present as a complex cystic and solid mass include:{{c1::DCIS}}{{c2::Encapsulated papillary carcin…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesBenign lesions which may present as a complex cystic and solid mass include:{{c1::Papilloma}}{{c2::Hematoma}}{{c3::Absces…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesFibroadenomas are benign neoplasms common in {{c1::young women <35::demographic}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesClinically, a fibroadenoma will present as a {{c1::firm}}, {{c1::mobile}} mass.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesFibroadenomas on mammography show an {{c1::oval}}-shaped, {{c1::well::well/ill}}-circumscribed mass that i…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesFibroadenomas on U/S show an {{c1::oval}}-shaped, {{c1::well::well/ill}}-circumscribed mass with {{c2::hom…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesFibroadenomas sometimes have more suspicious U/S features including {{c1::irregular}} margins, internal {{c1::hetero}}gen…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesFibroadenomas on MRI show an {{c1::oval}}-shaped, {{c1::well::well/ill}}-circumscribed, T2 {{c2::iso-}} or…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesMasses presenting with typical fibroadenoma imaging features are either followed (BI-RADS {{c1::3}}) or biopsied (BI-RADS…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPresumed fibroadenomas are classified as BI-RADS 3 if:1. {{c1::Ovoid}}-shaped, {{c1::parallel}} orientation with width:he…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Juvenile}} fibroadenomas are seen in {{c3::adolescents::demographic}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Giant}} fibroadenomas are simply large fibroadenomas >{{c2::8 cm}} in size otherwise normal in appearance
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesLarger {{c2::Fibroadenomas::tumor}} may appear identical to {{c1::phyllodes tumors::tumor}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesEpidermal inclusion cysts on mammography show a {{c1::round}}-shaped or {{c1::oval}}-shaped mass
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH)}} is a benign mass of {{c2::stromal}} and {{c2::myofibroblast}} prolif…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPASH on mammography and U/S shows a {{c1::round or oval}}-shaped, {{c2::noncalcified::calcified?}}, {{c3::…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPASH on MRI may show T2 {{c3::hyperintense}} {{c1::slit-like}} spaces and {{c1::cystic}} components often with {{c2:…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesDoes Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) have malignant potential?{{c1::No}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Papillomas}} are benign tumors of {{c2::lactiferous ducts}}.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPapillomas that occur in the larger {{c2::retroareolar}} ducts are referred to as {{c1::solitary}} papillomas.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPapillomas that occur in the {{c2::terminal aspect}} of the ducts are referred to as {{c1::multiple}} papillomas.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c2::Solitary papillomas}} are the most common cause of {{c1::pathologic (bloody, serous, or serosanguinous)}} nipp…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPapillomas on mammography are {{c1::round/oval}}-shaped, predominantly {{c1::well/well/ill}}-circumscribed masses
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesMost papillomas that present with nipple discharge are mammographically {{c1::occult}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesIf visible on imaging, papillomas are usually in the {{c1::anterior, retroareolar}} region.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPapillomas on U/S are {{c1::round}} or {{c1::oval}} shaped, {{c1::hypoechoic}} or {{c1::complex cystic}} echoge…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPatients with nipple discharge and no visible findings on mammography or U/S may need {{c1::galactography}} or {{c1::cont…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPapillomas on galactography show {{c1::filling defect}} within the opacified discharging duct.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPapillomas on CE-MRI show an enhancing {{c1::focus}} or {{c1::oval}}-shaped intraductal mass with {{c2::washout}} kinetic…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesBenign Papillomas without atypia on Bx → {{c1::follow-up? (controversial)::next step}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesBreast carcinoma is typically {{c1::ill::well/ill}}-circumscribed
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesSubtypes of breast cancer that can present as a round or oval, circumscribed mass on mammography include: {{c1::Triple ne…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesMetastasis to the breast is much more frequently seen as {{c1::a solitary::multiple/a solitary}} metastases.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Hematogenous::route}} metastasis most commonly presents as a circumscribed, round mass.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesWhich malignancies have a propensity to metastasize to the breast?{{c1::Melanoma}} and {{c1::Renal cell carcinoma}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Juvenile}} fibroadenomas are characterized by {{c2::rapid}} growth, and may become giant.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Phyllodes tumors (previously cystosarcoma phyllodes)}} are rare, rapidly growing breast tumors that are typically {…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPhyllodes tumors are typically seen in {{c1::women aged 40–50::demographic}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPhyllodes tumors on mammography show a {{c1::large}}-sized, {{c1::oval}}-shaped, {{c1::well::well/ill}}-circumscribe…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesPhyllodes tumors on U/S show {{c1::well::well/ill}}-circumscribed masses with internally {{c1::hetero}}geneous …
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses75% of Phyllodes tumors are {{c1::benign::benign/malignant}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesThe treatment for Phyllodes tumors is {{c1::wide surgical excision}}
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Lactating adenomas}} are seen in the {{c2::second}} or {{c2::third}} trimester of pregnancy or the {{c3::postpartum…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesLactating adenomas present with a {{c1::freely mobile::mobility}} mass, which may be tender if it has rapidly enlarged.
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesLactating adenomas are {{c1::benign::benign/malignant}} and do not need excision after biopsy
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesBreast {{c1::hematomas}} and {{c1::seromas}} are {{c2::iatrogenic}} or post-{{c2::traumatic}} in etiology
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesAcute Breast Hematomas on mammography appear as {{c2::round}} or {{c2::oval}}-shaped, {{c1::high::high/low}}-de…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesBreast Hematomas and Seromas on U/S are {{c1::fluid}}-filled, {{c1::avascular::vascular?}}, and may contain {{c2::de…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast MassesTriple-negative breast cancers are associated with {{c1::larger::larger/smaller}} size at presentation, more {{…
Published	05/01/2023	Breast Imaging: Breast Masses{{c1::Multiple bilateral circumscribed}} breast masses are defined as:1. >{{c2::3::#}} circumscribed masses, with…
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