Notes in Placenta and Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction

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Published	03/15/2025	What is the primary function of the placenta?
Published	03/15/2025	Which structures must develop correctly for normal placental function?
Published	03/15/2025	What type of cells give rise to the placenta?
Published	03/15/2025	What structures give rise to chorionic villi?
Published	03/15/2025	At what day do primary chorionic villi appear?
Published	03/15/2025	What type of blood do the umbilical arteries carry?
Published	03/15/2025	What type of blood does the umbilical vein carry?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the function of the intervillous space?
Published	03/15/2025	By which month do the decidua capsularis and parietalis fuse?
Published	03/15/2025	What structure encloses the fetus after the second trimester?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the name of the smooth, avascular surface formed from degenerated villi in the decidua capsularis?
Published	03/15/2025	How many spiral arteries typically supply the intervillous space in later pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What structure receives blood from the spiral arteries in late pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the main reason the placental barrier thins in late pregnancy?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the term for a placenta where the barrier is villi-associated and chorionic in origin?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the approximate weight of the placenta at term?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the genetic makeup of a triploid placenta?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the genetic makeup of a tetraploid placenta?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the key risk associated with complete hydatidiform moles?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the normal implantation site of the placenta?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the term for a placenta with two equal-sized lobes?
Published	03/15/2025	Which condition occurs when fetal vessels run between the fetus and the internal cervical os?
Published	03/15/2025	Which immune molecule is transported across the placenta to provide fetal immunity?
Published	03/15/2025	Which placental-secreted molecules help avoid immune detection?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the main route of bacterial placental infections?
Published	03/15/2025	Where do retroplacental hematomas occur?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the key feature distinguishing pre-eclampsia from gestational hypertension?
Published	03/15/2025	What systemic complication of pre-eclampsia leads to proteinuria?
Published	03/15/2025	At what gestational age is the first routine ultrasound (USS) offered to all pregnant people?
Published	03/15/2025	Which three key fetal measurements are taken at the 18-20 week ultrasound?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the minimum required measurement for fetal growth scans?
Published	03/15/2025	How often should fetal growth measurements be taken to assess growth over time?
Published	03/15/2025	Below what centile for weight is a fetus considered to have IUGR/SFD?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the most common cause of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the difference in head circumference between symmetrical and asymmetrical IUGR?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the weight threshold for macrosomia?
Published	03/15/2025	At what gestational age are umbilical artery Doppler measurements typically started for high-risk pregnancies?
Published	03/15/2025	Below what centile is a fetus considered small for gestational age (SGA)?
Published	03/15/2025	Above what centile is a fetus considered large for gestational age (LGA)?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following factors can impact placental formation?
Published	03/15/2025	What occurs when the syncytiotrophoblast invades the endometrium?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following describes tertiary chorionic villi?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is true about spiral arteries during early placentation?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is true about the intervillous space?
Published	03/15/2025	What happens to chorionic villi as pregnancy progresses?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the significance of placental barrier formation?
Published	03/15/2025	What happens to umbilical circulation as pregnancy progresses?
Published	03/15/2025	Which statement about spiral artery function in late pregnancy is correct?
Published	03/15/2025	What describes the structure of the placenta at term?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following statements about placental abnormalities is true?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following describes a complete hydatidiform mole?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is true regarding placenta praevia?
Published	03/15/2025	Which condition is characterized by placental villi invading the myometrium?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a function of the placental immune barrier?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following infections is NOT commonly associated with placental infection?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following describes a key vascular abnormality leading to perinatal mortality?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for pre-eclampsia?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the primary cause of pre-eclampsia?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the primary purpose of the 11-14 week ultrasound?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a reason for performing an 18-20 week ultrasound?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT commonly included in Doppler ultrasound fetal blood flow assessments?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following best describes intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of asymmetrical IUGR?
Published	03/15/2025	What is the primary cause of low birth weight in high-income nations?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following conditions is most commonly associated with symmetrical IUGR?
Published	03/15/2025	Which of the following is a key part of IUGR management?
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following stages of chorionic villi development in order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following blood vessel pathways in correct order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following events in the correct order during placentation:
Published	03/15/2025	Place the following structures in order from outermost to innermost in the mature placenta:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following steps in the circulation of maternal blood through the intervillous space in late pregnancy:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following abnormally invasive placental conditions in order of increasing severity:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following events in the sequence of blood flow through cotyledons in late pregnancy:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following steps in the development of pre-eclampsia in order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following complications of pre-eclampsia from short-term to long-term:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following ultrasound scans in order of occurrence during pregnancy:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following steps in fetal growth assessment in order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following risk assessment steps for IUGR in the correct order:
Published	03/15/2025	Arrange the following IUGR management steps in order of occurrence:
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: Placenta and Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction 1
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: Placenta and Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction 2
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: Placenta and Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction 3
Published	03/15/2025	True or false: Placenta and Intra-Uterine Growth Restriction 4
Published	03/15/2025	Syncytiotrophoblast \| Cytotrophoblast \| Spiral arteries \| Chorionic villi
Published	03/15/2025	Primary chorionic villi \| Secondary chorionic villi \| Tertiary chorionic villi
Published	03/15/2025	Villous chorion \| Chorion laevae \| Cotyledons \| Placental barrier
Published	03/15/2025	Cotyledons \| Hemochorionic placenta \| Chorionic plate \| Decidua basalis
Published	03/15/2025	Triploidy \| Complete hydatidiform mole \| Placenta accreta \| Vasa praevia
Published	03/15/2025	Pre-eclampsia \| Retroplacental hematoma \| Chorioamnionitis \| Vasculopathy
Published	03/15/2025	11-14 week scan \| 18-20 week scan \| Fetal growth scan
Published	03/15/2025	Asymmetrical IUGR \| Symmetrical IUGR \| SGA \| LGA
Published	03/15/2025	Placentation is vital to the survival of the [fetus] and the health and well-being of the [parent].The [syncytiotrophoblast] layer invades the endomet…
Published	03/15/2025	The [intervillous space] is lined by syncytiotrophoblast cells and serves as the site of maternal-fetal exchange.By the [4th month], the decidua capsu…
Published	03/15/2025	At birth, the [chorionic plate] and [amnion] cover the fetal side of the placenta.Placenta [accreta] occurs when placental villi adhere directly to th…
Published	03/15/2025	[Neurokinins] secreted by the placenta bind immune-cloaking molecules to prevent immune attack.Placental infections such as [CMV], [Syphilis], and [Li…
Published	03/15/2025	The [11-14 week] ultrasound is used to determine gestational age and detect multiple pregnancies.At the [18-20 week] ultrasound, key fetal growth meas…
Published	03/15/2025	Asymmetrical IUGR is characterized by normal [head circumference] but reduced fat and muscle mass due to chronic placental insufficiency.Symmetrical I…
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