Notes in 06_Renal Tubular Acidosis

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Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Renal Tubular Disorders}} are {{c2::conditions that affect the renal tubules (i.e. proximal convoluted tubules, distal convoluted tubules) which…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Fanconi Syndrome}} is a type of Generalised Renal Tubular Acidosis affecting the part of the kidney that includes {{c2::Proximal Convoluted Tubu…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Bartter Syndrome}} is a type of Specific Renal Tubular Acidosis affecting the part of the kidney that includes {{c2::Na-K-2Cl co-transporter in …
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Gitelman Syndrome}} is a type of Specific Renal Tubular Acidosis affecting the part of the kidney that includes {{c2::NaCl symporter in the…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Liddle Syndrome}} is a type of Specific Renal Tubular Acidosis affecting the part of the kidney that includes {{c2::Epithelial sodium channels i…
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Renal Tubular Acidosis}} is a {{c2::dysfunction of the renal tubular function with an impairment of H+ secretion or HCO3- reabsorption.}}
Published	02/10/2024	Types of Renal Tubular Acidosis Type 1: {{c1::H+ secretion dysfunction (known as distal renal tubular acidosis)}} Type 2: {{c1::HCO3- reabsorption dys…
Published	02/10/2024	Type {{c1::1}} Renal Tubular Acidosis is associated with {{c2::H+ secretion}} dysfunction
Published	02/10/2024	Type {{c1::2}} Renal Tubular Acidosis is associated with {{c2::HCO3- reabsorption}} dysfunction
Published	02/10/2024	Type {{c1::3}} Renal Tubular Acidosis is associated with {{c2::combination of H+ secretion and HCO3- reabsorption}} dysfunction&nb…
Published	02/10/2024	Type {{c1::4}} Renal Tubular Acidosis is associated with {{c2::aldosterone (resistant/deficient)}} dysfunction
Published	02/10/2024	Risk Factors and Causes of Type 1 Renal Tubular Acidosis{{c1::Autoimmune conditions such as SLE and chronic UTIs, and obstructive uropathy (leading to…
Published	02/10/2024	Risk Factors and Causes of Type 2 Renal Tubular Acidosis{{c1::Wilson’s disease, multiple myeloma, and drugs (e.g. tetracyclines and tenofovir)}}
Published	02/10/2024	Risk Factors and Causes of Type 3 Renal Tubular Acidosis{{c1::Carbonic anhydrase deficiency (enzyme involved in bidirectional conversion of CO2 and H2…
Published	02/10/2024	Risk Factors and Causes of Type 4 Renal Tubular Acidosis{{c1::Diabetes, addison’s disease, glomerulonephritis, and drugs (e.g. ACE inhibitors, NSAIDs,…
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Type 1 Renal Tubular Acidosis}} {{c1::In children}} {{c1::Failure to thrive}} {{c1::Hyperventilation}} {{c1::Bone pain and muscl…
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Type 2 Renal Tubular Acidosis}} {{c1::Polyuria}} {{c1::Polydipsia}} {{c1::May be associated with Growth failure and Rickets (i.e…
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Type 3 Renal Tubular Acidosis}} {{c1::Rare genetic disorder (carbonic anhydrase deficiency)}} {{c1::Associated with conductive h…
Published	02/10/2024	Presentation of {{c2::Type 4 Renal Tubular Acidosis}} {{c1::Hyperkalaemia}} {{c1::Hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis}} {{c1::Background: deficiency or…
Published	02/10/2024	In terms of Acid-Base Balance, venous blood gas shows {{c1::hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis}} in Type {{c2::4}} Renal Tubular Acidosis
Published	02/10/2024	{{c1::Urinary pH}} and {{c1::U&Es}} are used as diagnostic investigations of Renal Tubular Acidosis
Published	02/10/2024	pH {{c1::>5.3}} with {{c1::hypo}}kalaemia indicates either Type {{c2::1}} or Type {{c2::3}} Renal Tubular Acidosis
Published	02/10/2024	pH {{c1::<5.3}} with {{c1::hypo}}kalaemia indicates Type {{c2::2}} Renal Tubular Acidosis
Published	02/10/2024	pH {{c1::<5.3}} with {{c1::hyper}}kalaemia indicates Type {{c2::4}} Renal Tubular Acidosis
Published	02/10/2024	Investigations of Fanconi Syndrome{{c1::Fanconi Syndrome ScreenReduced eGFRRaised creatinine and ureaExcess urinary excretion of HCO3-, Cl-, PO4-, uri…
Published	02/10/2024	Management of Type 1, 2, and 3 Renal Tubular Acidosis{{c1::Consider giving bicarbonate +/- potassium replacement}}
Published	02/10/2024	Management of Type 4 Renal Tubular Acidosis {{c1::Consider giving fludrocortisone (i.e. synthetic aldosterone) + potassium restriction}} {{c1::Hyperch…
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