Notes in NAS VIII (Disorders of the Motor Unit)

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Published	11/11/2024	The main way motor unit disorders are caused is by {{c1::denervation}} of a muscle.
Published	11/11/2024	{{c2::Denervation}} is the {{c1::loss of any nerve supply in an area}}.
Published	11/11/2024	{{c3::Motor unit denervetion}} usually presents itself with {{c1::lower motor-neurone signs}} /{{c1::(LMN)}}, which include {{c2::asymetric muscle wea…
Published	11/11/2024	{{c1::Hypotonia}} is {{c2::weak motor tone}}.
Published	11/11/2024	{{c1::Atonia}} is {{c2::no motor tone}}.
Published	11/11/2024	{{c1::Hypoflexia}} is {{c2::weak muscle reflexes}}.
Published	11/11/2024	{{c1::Areflexia}} is {{c2::no motor reflexes}}.
Published	11/11/2024	{{c2::Re-innervation}} is the {{c1::regrowth of a nerve in an area}}.
Published	11/11/2024	Sometimes during reinnervation, the {{c2::nerves regrow to the wrong effectors}}, e.g crocodile tear syndrome, where {{c1::the regrowth of salivary gl…
Published	11/11/2024	Motor neurone disease is the {{c1::general degeneration of motor neurones}} and eventually leads to {{c1::paralysis}}.
Published	11/11/2024	Some of the cause of disorders that affect lower motor neurones are {{c1::infection}}, {{c1::physical trauma}} and {{c1::motor neurone disease}}.
Published	11/11/2024	Damage to a motor neuron {{c2::cell body}} eliminates the chances of {{c1::reinnervation}}.
Published	11/11/2024	{{c1::Poliomylelitis}} is the effects of a polio infection, which target {{c2::lower motor neurone cell bodies}} and when {{c3::respiratory motor neur…
Published	11/11/2024	A {{c2::complete axonal transection}} is where {{c1::a axon}} is {{c1::fully cut}} and therefore {{c1::degraded}}. This is typically caused by {{c1::c…
Published	11/11/2024	{{c2::Guillian-Barre syndrome}} is an {{c1::autoimmune}} disease that is caused by a {{c1::viral complication}} that leads to the {{c1::demyelination …
Published	11/11/2024	{{c2::Botulism}} is the {{c1::intoxication of nerves}} caused by the {{c1::botulinum toxin}} which blocks the release of {{c1::acetylcholine vesicles}…
Published	11/11/2024	{{c2::Nerve gases}} use {{c1::organophosphates}} to inhibit {{c2::acetylcholinesterase}} in the synaptic cleft, preventing it from breaking down {{c1:…
Published	11/11/2024	{{c1::Myasthenia Gravis}} caused by autoimmune destruction of {{c2::nicotinic receptors}} in the {{c2::sarcolemma}} of muscle cells, causing weakness …
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