Notes in Overview of Neuronal Signaling

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Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Electrical}} signaling is the fundamental neuronal process that underlies all aspects of brain function
Published	09/07/2023	Neurons process and transmit information via the generation of {{c1::electrical signals}}
Published	09/07/2023	Neurons are intrinsically {{c1::poor}} conductors of electricity
Published	09/07/2023	Electrical signals are based upon the flow of {{c1::ions}} across plasma membranes
Published	09/07/2023	The {{c1::resting membrane potential}} is a steady-state electrical potential across the plasma membrane of neurons
Published	09/07/2023	The resting membrane potential is {{c1::negatively}} charged and typically ranges from {{c2::-40 to -90 mV}}
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Hyperpolarization}} occurs when the neuronal membrane becomes {{c2::more}} negative
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Depolarization}} occurs when the neuronal membrane becomes {{c2::less}} negative
Published	09/07/2023	An {{c1::action potential}} is an "all-or-none" electrical event of explosive depolarization which can result in the membrane potential becoming …
Published	09/07/2023	The membrane potential at which an action potential is triggered is called {{c1::threshold}}
Published	09/07/2023	If a supra-threshold stimulus is very strong, {{c1::more than one}} action potential may be triggered
Published	09/07/2023	The strength of a stimulus may be encoded by the {{c1::number}} of action potentials elicited
Published	09/07/2023	Action potentials are {{c1::propagated}} along the axon of a neuron until the {{c2::synapse}} is reached
Published	09/07/2023	The {{c1::synapse}} is a special junction that functions to communicate electrical signals from one axon to another cell
Published	09/07/2023	Two molecular mechanisms account for the generation of electrical signals in nerve cells: {{c1::ion pumps}} and {{c1::ion channels}}
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Concentration}} gradients across the neuronal membrane are generated by ion {{c2::pumps}}
Published	09/07/2023	The nerve cell membrane is {{c1::selectively permeable}} to certain ions
Published	09/07/2023	The passage of ions across the neuronal membrane occurs via the opening of {{c1::ion channels}}
Published	09/07/2023	Ion pumps establish the concentration gradients that provide the {{c1::driving force}} for the diffusion of ions through channels
Published	09/07/2023	Study Question: Pinch yourself (really!). Now pinch yourself again, only this time, apply just a little more pinch so that you notice that this one…
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