Notes in 24 Toxicology

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Small Vd1. Intravascular compartment2. Tissues{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Large Vd1. Intravascular compartment2. Tissues{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Hemoperfusion is ineffective1. Large Vd2. Small Vd{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Dose-Response Relationship Effective or have a therapeutic benefit in 50% of the populationA. ED50B. TD50C. LD50{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Dose-Response Relationship Produces a toxic response to 50% of the populationA. ED50B. TD50C. LD50{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Dose-Response Relationship Dose of the drug in which 50% of individuals will result in morbidityA. ED50B. TD50C. LD50{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	Increasing concentration of a substance in the environment as the result of environmental persistence and physical properties{{c1::Bioaccumulation}}
Published	07/30/2024	Increased contaminant as it passess up the food chain {{c1::Biomagnification}}
Published	07/30/2024	Study of the toxic effects of chemical and physical agents on populations and communities of living organisms{{c1::Exotoxicology}}
Published	07/30/2024	Category of < 24 hrs exposure {{c1::Acute }}
Published	07/30/2024	Category of 1-3 months repeated exposure {{c1::Subchronic}}
Published	07/30/2024	The amount of exposure to a given agent that is deemed safe for a stated time period{{c1::Threshold Limit Value}}
Published	07/30/2024	Chemicals in the environment that have estrogen-like or anti-androgen activity or disrupt thyroid function{{c1::Endocrine Disruptors}}
Published	07/30/2024	Most common environmental pollutant{{c1::Carbon monoxide}}
Published	07/30/2024	CO binds binds tightly but {{c2::reversibly::Reversible or Irreversible}} to O2 binding sites of {{c1::hemoglobin}}
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. Carboxyhemoglobin 2. Ability to unload oxygen {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Carboxyhemoglobin 1. Leftward shift of the O2-Hgb dissociation curve2. Righward shift of the O2-Hgb dissociation curve{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Main clinical manifestation of carbon monoxide poisoning {{c1::Hypoxia}}
Published	07/30/2024	Treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning{{c1::oxygen therapy}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Contamination of food}} is a major route of exposure to pesticides
Published	07/30/2024	Antidote to Pesticide poisoning{{c1::Pralidoxime AND atropine}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Permits the regeneration of AChE1. Atropine2. Pralidoxime{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Enzymes inhibited by pesticides{{c1::Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)Pseudoacetylcholinesterase (SChE)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cut-off dalton value for heavy metals {{c1::> 200 daltons}}
Published	07/30/2024	Vitamin {{c1::C}} reduces lead and calcium absorption
Published	07/30/2024	Lead GeneralitiesMOT{{c2::InhalationIngestionDirect contact}}Affected population group {{c2::Children }}Location tissues{{c2::Bones and soft…
Published	07/30/2024	Body tissue with longest half life of lead {{c1::Bone }}
Published	07/30/2024	Environmental Sources of Lead{{c1::Leaded paintIndustrial emission Leaded gasoline }}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Lead exposure 1. Children 2. Adults{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead Toxic Effects To CNS{{c1::EncepalopathyDepression ParesthesisLethargy}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead Toxic Effect to Renal System {{c1::Chronic nephropathy Gout}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead Toxic Effect To Blood {{c1::Anemia}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead Toxic Effect To Endocrine system {{c1::Vitamin D and Skeletal growth}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead Toxic Effect To Reproductive {{c1::Decreased ability to fertility}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead Toxic Effect to GI {{c1::Abdominal colic}}
Published	07/30/2024	Alarming Blood Lead Levels in children {{c1::10 ug/dL}}
Published	07/30/2024	Alarming Blood Lead Levels in OSHA{{c1::40 ug/dL}}
Published	07/30/2024	Treatment of lead toxicity for children{{c1::Succinyl - chelation therapy}}
Published	07/30/2024	Management of Lead Toxicity {{c1::Chelation Therapy}}
Published	07/30/2024	Agent of Minamata Disease {{c1::Mercury}}
Published	07/30/2024	Primary tissue location of mercury {{c1::Kidneys}}
Published	07/30/2024	General Clinial Manifestation of Mercury Toxicity {{c1::DEC Birth weightDEC muscle toneSeizureBlindnessDeafness}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Biological forms of mercury Inhalation primary route of exposure A. Elemental B. InorganicC. Organic{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Biological forms of mercury Longest Half life A. Elemental B. InorganicC. Organic{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Biological forms of mercury Paresthesis, Ataxia, Tunnel visionA. Elemental B. InorganicC. Organic{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Biological forms of mercury Pulmonary effectA. Elemental B. InorganicC. Organic{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Biological forms of mercury GI effectA. Elemental B. InorganicC. Organic{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Biological forms of mercury Renal effectA. Elemental B. InorganicC. Organic{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Necrosis of proximal renal tubules1. Inorganic mercury 2. Organic mercury {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Formation of reactive oxygen species1. Inorganic mercury 2. Organic mercury {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mercury Toxicity Acute Phase 1 Symptoms{{c1::Flu-like illnessFeverChillsHeadacheDry mouth }}
Published	07/30/2024	Mercury Phase 2 SymptomsRespiratory{{c2::Pulmonary edema}}CNS{{c2::Seizure}}Renal {{c2::Acute renal failure }}Extremities{{c1::Acrodynia}}Ly…
Published	07/30/2024	Mercury Toxicity Acute Phase 3 Motor{{c1::Intentional Tremor }}CNS{{c1::Erthism}}
Published	07/30/2024	Chronic exposure to inorganic mercury syndrome{{c1::Mad Hatter Syndrome}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mercury toxicity treatment {{c1::Cathartic drugsCehlation therapy (DMSA)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mercury toxicity threshold level Blood {{c2::<10 ug/dL}}Urine{{c1::<20 ug/dL}}
Published	07/30/2024	Arsenic GeneralitiesPrimary route of contamination {{c2::Ingestion Inhalation}} Excretion route {{c2::Urine }}Tissues Accumul…
Published	07/30/2024	Arsenic Acute Toxic Symptoms{{c1::Rice-water stoolsVomitingDehydrationShockSweet, garlicky odor breath}}
Published	07/30/2024	Arsenic Acute toxicity treatment{{c1::Hemodynamic stabilizationChelation therapy (defuroxime) with dimercaprolActivated charcoal}}
Published	07/30/2024	Arsenic Chronic toxicity treatmentCNS{{c2::Neuropathy - starts distally HeadacheConfusion }}Skin Effects{{c1::AlopeciaBrittle fingernailsMee…
Published	07/30/2024	Normal value of mercury in absence of seafood consumption {{c1::< 50 ug/L}}
Published	07/30/2024	Chronic Treatment of Mercury Toxicity {{c1::Chelation therapy}}
Published	07/30/2024	Chelating agent of choice for Iron Toxicity{{c1::Deferoxamine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Chronic excessive iron intake cause {{c1::hemosiderosis}} or {{c1::hemochromatosis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Common heavy metal that is accidentally ingested by children {{c1::Iron}}
Published	07/30/2024	Factors to consider during emergency stabilization of poisoned patient {{c1::AirwayBreathingCirculation DrugsDecontamination ExamineFul…
Published	07/30/2024	Duration of delayed effect of ethylene glycol toxicity {{c1::6 hours}}
Published	07/30/2024	Duration of delayed effect of Salicylates toxicity {{c1::12 hours}}
Published	07/30/2024	Duration of delayed effect of Paracetamol toxicity {{c1::36 hours}}
Published	07/30/2024	Duration of delayed effect of Paraquat (herbicide) toxicity {{c1::48 hours}}
Published	07/30/2024	Duration of delayed effect of Methanol toxicity {{c1::48 hours}}
Published	07/30/2024	Duration of delayed effect of Thyroxine toxicity {{c1::4 weeks}}
Published	07/30/2024	How to perform PE on suspected poisoned patient?{{c1::Evaluate general statusExamine the patient’s skinAuscultate the lungsListen to the heartNeurolog…
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs associated with hyperventilation {{c1::CarbamatesOrganophosphatesMethanolEthylene glycolTheophyllineSalicylates}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs associated with hypoventilation toxicity {{c1::ClonidineOpioidsMetalsBeta-blockersAromatic hydrocarbonsTCAD/TheophyllineSedativesQuinidineD…
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs associated with cutaneous bullae{{c1::BarbituratesCarbon monoxide}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs associated with Diaphoresis{{c1::OrganophosphateSalicylateAmphetamine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs associated with Jaundice{{c1::Paracetamol}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs associated with Dry skin and hyperexia{{c1::Atropine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs associated with Flushing{{c1::AnticholinergicsAlcoholCyanide}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Breath odorsBitter almondsA. CyanideB. IsopropranololC. Sulfur dioxideD. Chloral hydrate{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Breath odorsFruity odorA. CyanideB. IsopropranololC. Sulfur dioxideD. Chloral hydrate{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Breath odorsOil of wintergreenA. CyanideB. IsopropranololC. Sulfur dioxideD. Chloral hydrate{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Breath odorsPearsA. CyanideB. IsopropranololC. Sulfur dioxideD. Chloral hydrate{{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Breath odorsGarlicA. ArsenicB. CamphorC. Sulfur dioxideD. Chloral hydrate{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Breath odorsMothballsA. ArsenicB. CamphorC. Sulfur dioxideD. Chloral hydrate{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Eye contamination should be managed by copious irrigation of the eyes with free-flowing water for {{c1::30}} minutes
Published	07/30/2024	Induciton of emesis is valuable only in patients who have ingested poisons within an {{c1::hour::duration}}
Published	07/30/2024	Contraindications to emesis for suspected toxicity {{c1::Depressed sensoriumImpaired gag reflexPresence of cardiac diseasesDebilitated elderly pa…
Published	07/30/2024	Drug for emesis {{c1::Syrup of Ipecac}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ideal position of patient during preparation for gastric lavage{{c1::Patient is in Trendelenburg and left lateral decubitus position}}
Published	07/30/2024	Contraindication of Gastric Lavage treatment{{c1::Ingestion of caustics or kerosene}}
Published	07/30/2024	Treatment given to patient to decrease adsoprtion of drugs in GI {{c1::Activated charcoal}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Activated charcoal}} ADSORBS poison in the stomach
Published	07/30/2024	Substances not Effectively Adsorbed by Activated Charcoal{{c1::CyanideAlcoholLithiumIronPetroleum Distillates}}
Published	07/30/2024	Treatment for watusi poisoning{{c1::Raw egg white (albumin part) as a demulcent/neutralizing agent}}
Published	07/30/2024	Give activated charcoal every {{c1::4 to 8}} hours for multiple-doses
Published	07/30/2024	Adverse effects of multiple doses activated charcoal treatment {{c1::Intestinal impactionGut obstructionPulmonary aspiration}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs that can be treated with multiple-doses activated charcoal {{c1::CarbamazepineDapsonePhenobarbitalQuinineTheophylline}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs that can be treated with forced diuresis{{c1::BarbiturateAmphetaminesSalicylates}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug for forced diuresis treatment  {{c1::Mannitol}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug for alkalinization therapy  {{c1::8.4% NaHCO3 1meQ/kg/dose}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drugs toxicity that can be treated with alkalinzation therapy {{c1::SalicylatesBarbituratesINH2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug for acidification therapy {{c1::Ascorbic Acid: 1 gm or 20 mg /kg every 6 hours}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug toxicity that can be treated with acidification therapy {{c1::Amphetamines PhenytoinTheophyllinePCP}}
Published	07/30/2024	Drug toxicity that can be treated with hemoperfusion {{c1::Disopyramide, Glutethimide, MeprobamatePhenobarbitalSalicylatesTheophyllineCarbamazepi…
Published	07/30/2024	Drug toxicity that can be treated with dialysis {{c1::Amanita phalloidesAntifreezeHeavy metalsMethanol}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. AntidotesHeavy MetalsA. ChelatorsB. Thiosulfate oxygenC. EthanolD. Phenytoin{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. AntidotesCyanideA. ChelatorsB. Thiosulfate oxygenC. EthanolD. Phenytoin{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. AntidotesMethanol, Ethyl GlycolA. ChelatorsB. Thiosulfate oxygenC. EthanolD. Phenytoin{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. AntidotesMalathionA. ChelatorsB. Thiosulfate oxygenC. EthanolD. Phenytoin{{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. AntidotesNarcoticsA. NaloxoneB. Oxygen PyridoxineC. Digoxin - FabD. Phenytoin{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. AntidotesCyanideA. NaloxoneB. Oxygen PyridoxineC. Digoxin - FabD. Phenytoin{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. AntidotesDigitalis CompoundA. NaloxoneB. Oxygen PyridoxineC. Digoxin - FabD. Phenytoin{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	Arsenic poisoning chelators1st choice{{c1::DMSA, DMPS}}2nd choice{{c1::BAL}}
Published	07/30/2024	Lead poisoning chelators1st choice{{c1::DMSA, PEN, Succimer}}2nd choice{{c1::EDTA}}
Published	07/30/2024	Methylmercury poisoning chelators1st choice{{c1::DMPS, DMSA}}2nd choice{{c1::NAPA}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cadmium poisoning chelators1st choice{{c1::EDTA}}2nd choice{{c1::DMSA}}
Published	07/30/2024	Copper poisoning chelators1st choice{{c1::PEN}}2nd choice{{c1::DTPA, DMSA}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsParacetamolA. NACB. AtropineC. DeferoxamineD. Digoxin{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsOrganophosphateA. NACB. AtropineC. DeferoxamineD. Digoxin{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsIronA. NACB. AtropineC. DeferoxamineD. Digoxin{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsSevere digoxin poisoningA. NACB. AtropineC. DeferoxamineD. Digoxin{{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsDiazepam, BZDsA. FlumazenilB. Folinic AcidC. HeparinD. Naloxone{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsMethotrexateA. FlumazenilB. Folinic AcidC. HeparinD. Naloxone{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsErgotamineA. FlumazenilB. Folinic AcidC. HeparinD. Naloxone{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsNarcoticsA. FlumazenilB. Folinic AcidC. HeparinD. Naloxone{{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsAnticholinergicsA. NeostigmineB. PropranololC. PyridoxineD. Protamine sulfate{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsthyroxineA. NeostigmineB. PropranololC. PyridoxineD. Protamine sulfate{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsTheophyllineA. NeostigmineB. PropranololC. PyridoxineD. Protamine sulfate{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsHeparinA. NeostigmineB. PropranololC. PyridoxineD. Protamine sulfate{{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsIronsA. Sodium bicarbonateB. StarchC. Vitamin CD. Vitamin K{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsIodineA. Sodium bicarbonateB. StarchC. Vitamin CD. Vitamin K{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsMethemoglobinemia in patients with G6PDA. Sodium bicarbonateB. StarchC. Vitamin CD. Vitamin K{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antidotes for selected drugsAnticoagulantsA. Sodium bicarbonateB. StarchC. Vitamin CD. Vitamin K{{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	Contraindication of flumazenil treatment {{c1::Patients with seizures, BZD dependence, TCA overdose}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Neutralizing agentCaustic ingestionA. Egg white albumin B. Na bicarbonateC. StarchD. Potassium permanganate{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Neutralizing agentPhosphorusA. Egg white albumin B. Na bicarbonateC. StarchD. Potassium permanganate{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Neutralizing agentIronA. Egg white albumin B. Na bicarbonateC. StarchD. Potassium permanganate{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Neutralizing agentCyanideA. Egg white albumin B. Na bicarbonateC. StarchD. Potassium permanganate{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Neutralizing agentIodineA. Egg white albumin B. Na bicarbonateC. StarchD. Potassium permanganate{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Neutralizing agentNicotineA. Egg white albumin B. Na bicarbonateC. StarchD. Potassium permanganate{{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Neutralizing agentQuinineA. Egg white albumin B. Na bicarbonateC. StarchD. Potassium permanganate{{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Neutralizing agentStrychnineA. Egg white albumin B. Na bicarbonateC. StarchD. Potassium permanganate{{c1::D}}
Status	Last Update	Fields