Notes in Fungi

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Published	03/24/2024	Which dimorphic fungi is a yeast in the cold and mold in the heat?
Published	03/24/2024	Name 2 fungi which can cause Mucormycosis
Published	03/24/2024	Where is Histoplasma endemic to?
Published	03/24/2024	Where is Blastomyces endemic to?
Published	03/24/2024	Where is Coccidiodes endemic to?
Published	03/24/2024	Describe the histological appearance of M. furfur?
Published	03/24/2024	Name the 3 dermatophyte species
Published	03/24/2024	Is Sporothrix found exclusively on roses?
Published	03/24/2024	What fungus is shown below?{{c1::Candida albicans (germ tubes)}}
Published	03/24/2024	Mucormycosis will penetrate the {{c1::cribriform plate}} of the skull, entering the {{c1::brain}}
Published	03/24/2024	Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis involves a(n) {{c1::T cell::cell type?}} dysfunction
Published	03/24/2024	A defect in AIRE genes can cause what recurrent fungal condition?
Published	03/24/2024	For Dermatophytes, {{c1::Woods Lamp}} is a diagnostic tool that is specific to {{c2::Microsporum}}
Published	03/24/2024	{{c1::Tinea (pityriasis) versicolor}} is a cutaneous fungal infection caused by {{c2::Malassezia furfur::microbe?}}
Published	03/24/2024	Tinea Versicolor causes the degredation of {{c1::lipids}} on the skin into {{c1::acids}}
Published	03/24/2024	{{c2::Tinea Versicolor::Condition?}} infection shows a(n) "{{c1::spaghetti and meatballs}}" appearance on KOH prep microscopy
Published	03/24/2024	What is the treatment for Tinea Versicolor?
Published	03/24/2024	Tinea Versicolor is diagnosed with which laboratory test?
Published	03/24/2024	Tinea Versicolor causes damage to which cell type?
Published	03/24/2024	What microbe causes Sporotrichosis?
Published	03/24/2024	{{c2::Sporotrichosis}} is also called “{{c1::rose gardener’s}} disease”
Published	03/24/2024	How does Sporotrichosis travel in the body?
Published	03/24/2024	Which dermatophyte microbe infection can be diagnosed using Woods Lamp?
Published	03/24/2024	Flucytosine is always used in combination with {{c1::Amphotericin B}}
Published	03/24/2024	{{c1::Azoles::Antifungal drugs?}} block the conversion of {{c2::Lanosterol}} → {{c2::Ergosterol}}
Published	03/24/2024	Azoles inhibit the {{c1::cytochrome P450}} enzyme in fungi
Published	03/24/2024	What are the adverse effects of Azoles?
Published	03/24/2024	Echinocandins are used in the treatment of infections of which microbes?
Published	03/24/2024	Griseofulvin disrupts which stage in the cell cycle?
Published	03/24/2024	What is a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids?
Published	03/24/2024	{{c1::Aspergillus fumigatus}} is a fungus that can grow in TB lung cavities
Published	03/24/2024	Fungal spores are also called {{c1::conidia}}
Published	03/24/2024	What is the treatment for a severe fungal pneumonia infection?
Published	03/24/2024	{{c2::Eastern/ Central US, Great Lakes region}} is the endemic location for {{c1::Blastomycosis::fungal pneumonia?}}
Published	03/24/2024	{{c2::Southwest US/ California}} is the endemic location for {{c1::Coccidioidomycosis::fungal pneumonia?}}
Published	03/24/2024	{{c2::Latin America}} is the endemic location for {{c1::Para-coccidioidomycosis::fungal pneumonia?}}
Published	03/24/2024	Histoplasmosis is ingested by {{c1::macrophages::cell type?}}, where it survives and multiples
Published	03/24/2024	Which aspect of the immune system is required for clearing a Histoplasmosis infection?
Published	03/24/2024	Which organs are enlarged in a Histoplasmosis infection?
Published	03/24/2024	Which fungal pneumonia(s) is smaller than a RBC?
Published	03/24/2024	Which fungal pneumonia(s) is much larger than a RBC?
Published	03/24/2024	Histoplasmosis causes {{c1::palatal/tongue}} ulcers
Published	03/24/2024	Blastomycosis can present with {{c1::verrucous (warty)}} skin lesions
Published	03/24/2024	Blastomycosis often dissemates where in the body?
Published	03/24/2024	{{c1::Blastomycosis::Fungal pneumonia?}} is classically seen in pathology as a(n) "{{c2::broad-based budding yeast}}"
Published	03/24/2024	In the lungs, Coccidioidomycosis enlarges to form a(n) {{c1::spherule}} filled with {{c2::endospores}}
Published	03/24/2024	What skin findings are seen in patients with Coccidioidomycosis (2)?
Published	03/24/2024	Which fungus has hyphae that branch at a 45 degree angle?
Published	03/24/2024	{{c2::Aspergillus::Opportunistic fungal infection?}} has hyphae that grow spores in structures called {{c1::conidiophores}}
Published	03/24/2024	What is the hypersensitivity condition to Aspergillus seen in patients with Asthma or Cystic Fibrosis?
Published	03/24/2024	Certain strains of Aspergillus can produce which toxin?
Published	03/24/2024	Which aspect of Aspergillus is shown below?{{c1::Conidiophore}}
Published	03/24/2024	Mucormycosis infections occur in which patients?
Published	03/24/2024	What is the treatment for a local infection of the fungal pneumonias?
Published	03/24/2024	What is the treatment for a systemic infection of the fungal pneumonias?
Published	03/24/2024	What fungal pneumonia is pictured below?{{c1::Coccidioidomycosis}}
Published	03/24/2024	What fungal pneumonia is pictured below?{{c1::Para-coccidioidomycosis}}
Published	03/24/2024	What fungal pneumonia is pictured below?{{c1::Blastomycosis"Broad-based budding yeast"}}
Published	03/24/2024	What fungal pneumonia is pictured below?{{c1::Histoplasmosis}}
Published	03/24/2024	Which fungal pneumonias can present with Erythema Nodosum?
Published	03/24/2024	Which fungal skin infection travels via ascending lymphatics?
Published	03/24/2024	Which fungi cause Mucormycosis?
Published	03/24/2024	Mucormycosis penetrates the {{c1::cribiform plate}} to enter the brain
Published	03/24/2024	{{c2::Mucormycosis::Fungal infection?}} can cause {{c1::cavernous sinus}} thrombosis
Published	03/24/2024	What is the treatment for Mucormycosis?
Published	03/24/2024	Amphotericin B binds to {{c1::ergosterol}}, then forms pores in the cell membrane
Published	03/24/2024	Azoles {{c1::inhibit}} the cytochrome P450 enzymes
Published	03/24/2024	What is a classic fungal complication of DKA?
Published	03/24/2024	How is Histoplasmosis diagnosed?
Published	03/24/2024	Which fungal pneumonia infection can cause verrucous skin lesions?
Published	03/24/2024	In Coccidioidomycosis, what is the form of the fungus in the body?
Published	03/24/2024	Which Dermatophyte can be identified by the Woods lamp test?
Published	03/24/2024	Which fungal infection shows "spaghetti and meatballs" on KOH prep?
Published	03/24/2024	Candida oral thrush is {{c1::scrapable::unscrapable/scrapable}}
Published	03/24/2024	Patients with cystic fibrosis typically get which Aspergillus infection?
Published	03/24/2024	Which opportunistic fungal infection has nonseptate wide branching?
Published	03/24/2024	Amphotericin B can cause {{c1::hypo::hypo/hyper}}tension
Published	03/24/2024	Cytosine deaminase converts Flucytosine to which molecule?
Published	03/24/2024	Which anti-fungal can be used to treat Cushing disease?
Published	03/24/2024	Which anti-fungal can cause gynecomastia?
Published	03/24/2024	Which Azole is used to treat Aspergillus?
Published	03/24/2024	What is the clinical use of Griseofulvin?
Published	03/24/2024	Which antifungal drug can be administered intrathecally to treat fungal meningitis?
Published	03/24/2024	Which drug inhibits fungal DNA synthesis?
Published	03/24/2024	{{c1::Nystatin}} is an antifungal with the same mechanism of action as Amphotericin B
Published	03/24/2024	Which Azole causes visual disturbances as an adverse effect?
Published	03/24/2024	Which azole is used to treat infections with dimorphic fungi?
Published	03/24/2024	{{c1::Malassezia}} is a microbe that is likely to cause Seborrheic dermatitis
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