Notes in 47 Chronic Pain Management

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Published	12/13/2023	Type {{c1::II}} complex regional pain syndrome is always preceded by nerve injury.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c3::Epicritic}} sensations (light touch, pressure, proprioception, and temperature discrimination) are characterized by {{c…
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Allodynia}} is defined as the perception of a normally non-noxious stimuli as pain.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Analgesia}} describes the absence of pain perception
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Dysesthesia}} describes an unpleasant or abnormal sensation with or without a stimulus
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Hyperalgesia}} describes an increased response to noxious stimulation
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Neuralgia}} describes pain in the distribution of a nerve or group of nerves (e.g. dermatome)
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Paresthesia}} describes abnormal sensation perceived without an apparent abnormal stimulus
Published	12/13/2023	The majority of first-order neurons send the proximal end of their axons into the {{c1::dorsal horn of…
Published	12/13/2023	The first {{c3::six}} of Rexed's laminae, which make up the {{c1::dorsal horn}}, repre…
Published	12/13/2023	Intrathecal opioids bind to the {{c3::gray}} matter in the {{c3::d…
Published	12/13/2023	After tissue damage, {{c1::phospholipase A2}} acts on phospholipids released from cell membranes to form {{c2::arachidonic acid}}. …
Published	12/13/2023	The periaqueductal gray area, nucleus raphe magnus, and locus coeruleus are all parts of the {{c1::descending inhibitory}} pain pathways.&nb…
Published	12/13/2023	What three peptides make up the endogenous opioid system?{{c1::Enkephalins}}{{c2::β-endorphins}}{{c3::Dynorphins}}
Published	12/13/2023	Acute pain can lead to {{c1::increased}} myocardial oxygen demand, thereby worsening or precipitating myocardial ischemia.
Published	12/13/2023	Atelectasis commonly occurs post-operatively due to {{c1::shallow::depth}} breathing and weak cough&nbsp…
Published	12/13/2023	{{c3::Gastroparesis}} is typically seen in patients with {{c1::diabetes mellitus}} who have autonomic neuropat…
Published	12/13/2023	Patients with {{c1::CRPS}} frequently present with {{c2::burning neuropathic}} pain accompanied by hyperalgesia and allodynia.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c2::Trigeminal}} neuralgia (or tic douloureux) is classically {{c1::…
Published	12/13/2023	Acetaminophen (paracetamol) inhibits {{c1::pro…
Published	12/13/2023	NSAIDs inhibit {{c1::prostaglandin}} s…
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::NSAIDs}}…
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Published	12/13/2023	What complication of a brachial plexus block is suggested by hoarseness?{{c1::Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis}…
Published	12/13/2023	{{c2::Cervicothoracic (stellate ganglion)}} blocks&nbs…
Published	12/13/2023	What technique reduces the incidence of intra-arte…
Published	12/13/2023	What complication of a brachial plexus bl…
Published	12/13/2023	A {{c2::celiac plexus}} b…
Published	12/13/2023	The most common complicati…
Published	12/13/2023	What bleeding complications can result from a lumbar plexus block?{{c1::Retroperitoneal hematoma}}{{c2::Renal capsular injection}}
Published	12/13/2023	{{c3::Superior Hypogastric Plexus}} Block is indicated for {{c1::cancer}} pain of the pelvis.
Published	12/13/2023	Neurolytic blocks are indicated for patients with severe, intractable {{c1::cancer}} pain.…
Published	12/13/2023	Intrathecal opioids inhibit the {{c1::ascending}} pain pathways in…
Published	12/13/2023	{{c2::A-delta}} and {{c2::C}} fibers transmit pain via excitatory neurotransmitters such as {{c1::substance P}} and {{c1::glutamate}}.  …
Published	12/13/2023	The GABAA receptor is a {{c1::ligand}} gated {{c1::chloride}} channel.
Published	12/13/2023	Stimulation of the GABAA receptor increases {{c1::chloride}} influx and causes {{c2::hyper}}polarization of the neurons, which {{c3::impa…
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Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::A-delta}} fibers transmit "{{c3::fast}} pain" that is {{c2::sharp}}.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::C}} fibers transmit "{{c3::slow}} pain" that is {{c2::dull}}.
Published	12/13/2023	When the {{c2::sympathetic}} system plays a major role in the pathogenesis of pain, it is called {{c…
Published	12/13/2023	{{c3::Protopathic}} sensations (pain) are detected by {{c2::high-threshold::threshold}} receptors and conducted…
Published	12/13/2023	Most nociceptive fibers terminate in {{c2::2nd}}-order neurons…
Published	12/13/2023	Phenoxybenzamine is a {{c1::long}}-acting, {{c2::non-selective::selective/non-selective}}, {{c3::noncompetitive::competitive/noncompet…
Published	12/13/2023	Stellate ganglion blocks can be used to treat Raynaud's syn…
Published	12/13/2023	Rexed's laminae {{c3::VII}}-{{c2::IX}} comprise the {{c1::ventral}} horn.  …
Published	12/13/2023	What nerve block can be used to treat headaches (migraines, PDPH)?{{c1::Sphenopalatine…
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