Notes in 20 Antineoplastics

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Published	07/30/2024	Methotrexate inhibit nucleic acid availability by inhibiting the enzyme {{c1::dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)}} which synthesizes {{c1::dihyd…
Published	07/30/2024	Methotrexate PharmacokineticsROA: {{c3::PO, IV, IM, Intrathecal}}Excretion:{{c2::Kidneys in urine}}Required urine pH that cause crystallization&n…
Published	07/30/2024	Non-neoplastic application of methotrexate?{{c1::Anti-inflammatory disease }}
Published	07/30/2024	When giving high doses of MTX, it is always coupled with {{c2::Leucovorin::drug}} to  limit toxicity to {{c1::bone marrow::organ}} and {{c1::GIT:…
Published	07/30/2024	Leucovorin (folinic acid) is given {{c1::24-36}} after MTX infusion
Published	07/30/2024	MOA of leucovorin anti-toxicity MTX{{c1::Provides large amounts of N5-formyl-FH4/Tetrahydrofolate (substrate) for the synthesis of nucleotides for nor…
Published	07/30/2024	Adverse effect of MTX dose {{c1::MyelosuppressionGI toxicity Renal crystallization}}
Published	07/30/2024	Give two pyrimidine antagonists/analogs{{c1::5-Fluorouracil Cytarabine (ARA-C)}}
Published	07/30/2024	5-fluorouracil analog cause {{c1::irreversible::reversible or irreversible}} {{c2::thymidilate synthetase::enzyme}} enzyme that make {{c3::thymidine::…
Published	07/30/2024	5-Fluorouracil PharmacokineticsROA: {{c3::IV }}Availability to cross BBB:{{c2::Yes}}Metabolism Organ:{{c1::Liver}}
Published	07/30/2024	Principal indication for 5-FU{{c1::Colon CA}}
Published	07/30/2024	CA Indication for MTXSolid:{{c1::Brest CAHead & Neck BladderOsteogenic}}Hematologic:{{c1::ALLLymphoma Leukemia }}
Published	07/30/2024	Adverse effect of 5-FU{{c1::Myelossuppresion - Occur 4-7 days after chemotherapy}}
Published	07/30/2024	DOC for AML{{c1::Cytosine Arabinose - cytarabine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cytarabine is isolated from the sponge {{c1::Cryptotethya crypta}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cytarabine is a {{c2::cytosine::nucelotide}} analog that is incorporated to DNA, inhibiting the enzyme {{c1::DNA polymerase}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cytosine Arabinose Pharmacokinetics ROA:{{c2::IVIntrathecal}}Excretion route: {{c1::Urine}}
Published	07/30/2024	DOC for Intrathecal treatment for Meningeal Leukemia{{c1::Cytosine Arabinose}}
Published	07/30/2024	Adverse effect of Cytarabine {{c1::MyelosuppressionGI ToxicityNeurological toxicityHepatic Toxicity}}
Published	07/30/2024	Give 2 purine antagonists/analogs {{c1::6-Mercaptopurine Fludarabine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Thiol Analog of Hypoxanthine{{c1::6-MP}}
Published	07/30/2024	6-MP is acted upon by {{c1::HGPR Transferase}} → converted to {{c2::TIMP}} which produces non-functional purines
Published	07/30/2024	In addition to inhibiting {{c2::HGPRT}} enzyme, 6-MP also inhibits {{c1::phosphorubosylamine synthesis}} enzyme
Published	07/30/2024	6-MP Pharmacokinetics ROA: {{c3::Oral }}Indication:{{c2::ALLAML}}Adverse effect{{c1::Myelosuppresion GIT toxicity Reversible …
Published	07/30/2024	Gene mutated associated with 6-MP{{c1::TMPT gene mutation - cause neutropenia}}
Published	07/30/2024	What three DNA synthesis enzymes are inhibited by fludarabine?{{c1::DNA polymeraseDNA ligaseDNA primase}}
Published	07/30/2024	Single most active agent against in CLL{{c1::Fludarabine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Fludarabine GeneralitiesROA:{{c3::IV}}Indication CA:{{c2::CLLLymphomaMacroglobulinemia }}Adverse effect:{{c1::Myelosuppresion GIT toxicity&n…
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Half-life1. Fludarabine 2. 6-MP{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. IV route 1. Fludarabine 2. 6-MP{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Oral route 1. Fludarabine 2. 6-MP{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Hepatic metabolism1. Fludarabine 2. 6-MP{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. CLL treatment1. Fludarabine 2. 6-MP{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. ALL and AML treatment1. Fludarabine 2. 6-MP{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Renal tubular obstruction A. MTXB. 5-FUC. Cytarabine {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Colon CAA. MTXB. 5-FUC. Cytarabine {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. AML A. MTXB. 5-FUC. Cytarabine {{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. ALL, breast, head and neck CAA. MTXB. 5-FUC. Cytarabine {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Hydroxyurea}} inhibits {{c2::ribonucleotide reductase}} enzyme, disrupting DNA synthesis
Published	07/30/2024	Hydroxyurea GeneraltiesROA:{{c2::Oral}}Indication CA:{{c1::CMLAMLHead and neck CA}}
Published	07/30/2024	T or FHydroxyurea is not a maintenance drug, only adjunt with radiation therapy {{c1::True}}
Published	07/30/2024	Therapeutic use for advanced colorectal CA{{c1::TOP I inhibitorsIrinotecan & Topotecan}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Diarrhea AdE1. Irinotecan 2. Topotecan {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Myelosuppression AdE1. Irinotecan 2. Topotecan {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Enumeration Topoisomerase I inihibitors {{c1::IrinotecanTopotecan}}Topoisomerase II inihibitors {{c1::EtoposideTeniposide}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Induction of double strand breaks1. Irinotecan2. Etoposide{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Induction of Single-strand breaks1. Irinotecan2. Etoposide{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Leukemogenic CCSA {{c1::Etoposide/Teniposide - TOPII inhibitors}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Colon CA treatment 1. Irinotecan 2. Etoposide{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Lymphoma treatment 1. Irinotecan 2. Etoposide{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. SC lung cancer treatment 1. Irinotecan 2. Etoposide{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Testicular CA, SCLC treatment1. Etoposide2. Teniposide{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Refractory ALL and AML1. Etoposide2. Teniposide{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	MOA of vinca alkaloids{{c1::Binds to tubulin of microtubules, inhibiting Metaphase of mitosis }}
Published	07/30/2024	Vinca Alkaloids GeneralitiesROA:{{c3::IVOral}}Metabolism {{c2::Hepatobiliary}}Cell cycle phase inhibited{{c1::M phase}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Vincristine}} DLT dose {{c2::> 2}} mg  because it can cause {{c3::peripheral neuropathy}}
Published	07/30/2024	High doses of vincristine causes {{c1::autonomic neuropathy}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBAAdE: Neuropathy, constipation, and alopecia A. Vincristine B. Vinblastine C. Vinorelbine {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBAAdE: LeukopeniaA. Vincristine B. Vinblastine C. Vinorelbine {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBAAdE: Neutropenia, constipationA. Vincristine B. Vinblastine C. Vinorelbine {{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBAIndication: ALL, Wilm’s Tumor, lymphomaA. Vincristine B. Vinblastine C. Vinorelbine {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBAIndication: Non-small cell lung CA, breast CAA. Vincristine B. Vinblastine C. Vinorelbine {{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBAIndication: Testicular CA, bladder CA, Hodgkin’s diseaseA. Vincristine B. Vinblastine C. Vinorelbine {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	MOA of taxanes{{c1::Bind to the beta-tubulin subunit - arresting metaphase}}
Published	07/30/2024	Px receiving Paclitaxel should receive {{c1::antihistamines}} or {{c1::steroids}} as premedication
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Microtubulin stability 1. Vinca alkaloids2. Taxanes{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Microtubulin polymerzaation 1. Vinca alkaloids2. Taxanes{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Less side effect1. Paclitaxel2. Doxetaxel{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. More soluble in water1. Paclitaxel2. Doxetaxel{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Neutropenia (Principal Toxicity)1. Paclitaxel2. Doxetaxel{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Histamine Stimulated Acute Hypersensitivity1. Paclitaxel2. Doxetaxel{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Non-Small Cell Lung CA1. Paclitaxel2. Doxetaxel{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Kaposi Sarcoma1. Paclitaxel2. Doxetaxel{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Among the four classes of CCSA , which does not act on S phase of cell cycle {{c1::Microtubulin Inhibitors}}
Published	07/30/2024	"Nitrogen Mustard" agent that were initially used for chemical warfare{{c1::Alkylating Agents}}
Published	07/30/2024	First medical use of alkylating agents was in {{c1::lymphoma}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Single strand breaks without cross-linkage1. Monofunctional alkylators2. Bifunctional alkylators{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Alkylating agents}} transfer aklyl group to dsDNA, resulting in cross linkage and induction of {{c1::cell apoptosis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Common compound among aklylating agents {{c1::Chloroethyl group or mechlorethamine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Major site of alkylation within DNA of alkylating agents {{c1::N7 position of guanine}}
Published	07/30/2024	T or FAlkylating agents will act on both cycling and resting cells {{c1::True}}
Published	07/30/2024	Similar to {{c1::TPII inhibitors::CCSA}}, {{c1::alkylating agents::CCNSA}} has leukemogenic potential that produce AML
Published	07/30/2024	Most commonly used alkylating agent{{c1::Cyclophosphamide}}
Published	07/30/2024	Two metabolites produced from cyclophosphamide that has anti-cancer effect{{c1::Aldophosphamide Phosphoramide mustard}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Acrolein}}, a by-product of cyclophosphamide, causes inflammation and toxicity to the epithelium of the bladder → {{c2::hemorrhagic cystitis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cyclophosphamide GeneralitiesROA:{{c2::OralIV}}Excretion {{c2::Feces Urine }}DLT adverse effect:{{c1::Myelosuppression }}Other adv…
Published	07/30/2024	Indication of cyclophosphamide drug {{c1::LymphomaBreast CASCLCOvary CA}}
Published	07/30/2024	Antidote for hemorrhagic cystitis AdE of cyclophosphamide {{c1::MESNA (N-acetylcysteine and sodium-2-mercaptoethanesulfonate) given simultaneousl…
Published	07/30/2024	Two metabolites produced by Ifosfamide {{c1::ChloroacetaldehydeAcrolein}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Chloraacetaldehyde 1. CNS toxicity 2. Bladder toxicity {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Acrolein1. CNS toxicity 2. Bladder toxicity {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Oral bifunctional alyklator{{c1::Melphalan}}
Published	07/30/2024	Melphalan GeneralitiesMOA{{c2::Strand BreaksProtein Cross-links}}ROA{{c2::IV Oral }}Indication {{c1::Multiple myeloma}}DLT Adverse Effe…
Published	07/30/2024	Aklylating agent for outpatients with CLL and Low grade non-Hodgkin's {{c1::Chlorambucil}}
Published	07/30/2024	Chlorambucil GeneralitiesMOA{{c2::DNA strand breaks}}ROA{{c2::Oral}}Indication {{c1::CLLLow grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma }}Adverse effect{{c1:…
Published	07/30/2024	Only oral availability among CLASSIC Alkylating agents {{c1::Chlorambucil}}
Published	07/30/2024	Dacarbazine active agent {{c1::Imidazole carboxamide in its structure forms methylcarbonium ion}}
Published	07/30/2024	Dacarbazine GeneralitiesROA{{c2::IV }}Metabolism organ {{c2::Liver}}Excretion{{c1::Urine }}Indication {{c1::Hodgkin’s diseaseSoft …
Published	07/30/2024	Dacarbazine should be taken with {{c1::antiemetic}} drugs before chemotherapy to decrease AdE
Published	07/30/2024	Procarbazine MOA {{c1::Inhibits the transfer of methionine’s methyl groups into the RNA, hence preventing DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Procarbazine GeneralitiesROA{{c2::Oral}}Metabolism organ {{c2::Liver}}Excretion {{c1::Urine }}Indication {{c1::Hodgkin’s diseaseNo…
Published	07/30/2024	QC. IV 1. Procarbazine2. Dacarbazine {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Aklylating agent that can easily cross BBB {{c1::Thiotepa}}
Published	07/30/2024	Alkylating Drug for Brain tumors {{c1::Thiotepa due to lipophilicity}}
Published	07/30/2024	Specific cell cycle where platinum compounds act on {{c1::All stages}}
Published	07/30/2024	Primary binding site to DNA strand of platinum compounds {{c1::N7 of guanine}}
Published	07/30/2024	First generation platinum analog{{c1::Cisplatin}}
Published	07/30/2024	Antidote for Cisplatin toxicity {{c1::Amifostine}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cisplatin GeneralitiesIndication {{c2::Ovarian CATesticular CALung CASalvage chemotherapy }}Adverse effects{{c1::Nephrotoxicity Hypomag…
Published	07/30/2024	Second generation platinum analog{{c1::Carboplatin}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Platinum compounds Renal insufficiency and Peripheral neuropathy A. Cisplatin B. CarboplatinC. Oxaliplatin {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Platinum compounds Mylesuppression  A. Cisplatin B. CarboplatinC. Oxaliplatin {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Platinum compounds Neurotoxicity and Peripheral neurpathyA. Cisplatin B. CarboplatinC. Oxaliplatin {{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Platinum compounds Colon CAA. Cisplatin B. CarboplatinC. Oxaliplatin {{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Platinum compounds Structure has a bidentate oxalate groupA. Cisplatin B. CarboplatinC. Oxaliplatin {{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Platinum compounds Has a bidentate dicarboxylate ligandA. Cisplatin B. CarboplatinC. Oxaliplatin {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Platinum compounds 2 chloride ligandsA. Cisplatin B. CarboplatinC. Oxaliplatin {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Anthracycline suffix{{c1::-rubicin}}
Published	07/30/2024	Anthracycline MOA {{c1::Generation of semiquinone free radicals and oxygen free radicals}}
Published	07/30/2024	Anthracycline GeneralitiesROA{{c2::IV}}Excretion {{c2::Bile}}Adverse effects{{c1::Myelosuppression Adriamycin FlarePhlebitis and cellulitis}…
Published	07/30/2024	Chronic adverse effect of Anthracycline {{c1::Dilated cardiomyopathy}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cumulative dose of Daunorubicin to cause dilated cardiomyopathy {{c1::450 - 550 mg}}
Published	07/30/2024	Antidote for Daunorubicin {{c1::Dexrazoxane}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Anthracycline Least toxicity A. Doxorubicin B. Daunorubicin C. Idarubicin D. Mitoxantrone{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Anthracycline ALLA. Doxorubicin B. Daunorubicin C. Idarubicin D. Mitoxantrone{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Anthracycline AMLA. Doxorubicin B. Daunorubicin C. Idarubicin D. Mitoxantrone{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	Copper chelating glycopeptides{{c1::Bleomycin}}
Published	07/30/2024	Cumulative dose of Bleomycin to produce pulmonary fibrosis {{c1::> 450 mg or a high single dose of > 25 𝑚𝑔/𝑚2}}
Published	07/30/2024	Quinine antibiotic{{c1::Mitomycin}}
Published	07/30/2024	Toxicity effect of Mitomycin in ff. dose> 50 mg: {{c3::Hemolytic uremic syndrome }}> 70 mg: {{c2::nephrotoxicity }}> 30 mg: {{c1::p…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antitumor antibiotics Longest half life A. Bleomycin B. Dactinomycin C. Mitomycin C{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antitumor antibiotics Hepatic metabolism A. Bleomycin B. Dactinomycin C. Mitomycin C{{c1::C}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antitumor antibiotics Indication for solid tumors of colon, lungs, stomach A. Bleomycin B. Dactinomycin C. Mitomycin C{{c1::C…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antitumor antibiotics Choriosarcoma, Ewing's Sarcoma A. Bleomycin B. Dactinomycin C. Mitomycin C{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antitumor antibiotics Hodgkin’s disease, non-Hodgkin’s lymphomaA. Bleomycin B. Dactinomycin C. Mitomycin C{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Primary indication of L-Asparaginase{{c1::ALL}}
Published	07/30/2024	L-Asparaginase GeneralitiesROA{{c2::IM IV}}Adverse effect{{c1::Infusion hypersensitivity reaction AntigenicNeurologic toxicity}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Half-life1. L-Asparaginase2. Pegylated Asparaginase{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	In breast CA, we want to decrease {{c1::estrogen::hormone}} & {{c1::progesterone::hormone}}
Published	07/30/2024	In prostate CA, we want to decrease {{c1::testosterone::hormone}}
Published	07/30/2024	Diethylstilbestrol GeneralitiesMOA{{c1::Inhibition of the growth of prostatic tissue by blocking LH production}}Indication {{c1::Prostatic CA}}Ad…
Published	07/30/2024	Tamoxifen GeneralitiesMOA{{c2::Competitively binds to estrogen receptor in cancer cells - inhibit TGF alpha }}ROA{{c2::Oral }}Cell cycle pha…
Published	07/30/2024	Testosterone GeneralitiesIndication CA{{c2::Metastatic Breast CA}}Other clinical use{{c1::Aplastic anemia}}Adverse effect{{c1::JaundiceVirilization}}
Published	07/30/2024	Flutamide and Bicalutamide MOA{{c3::Inhibition of androgen uptake}}Higher potency {{c2::Bicalutamide}}ROA{{c1::Oral}}Indication {{c1::E…
Published	07/30/2024	Leuprolide and Goserelin MOA{{c3::Negative feedback via overstimulation of GnRH stimulation }}Indication {{c2::Prostate CABreast CA}}RO…
Published	07/30/2024	AminoglutethimideMOA {{c3::Inhibits of aromatase enzyme → decreases estrogen levels}}Requires drug co-administration {{c2::Hydrocortiso…
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Steroidal IRREVERSIBLE inhibitor of aromatase1. Exemestane/Aromasin2. Anastrozole/Letrozole{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. ER + Breast CA1. Exemestane/Aromasin2. Anastrozole/Letrozole{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	Dexamethasone, Prednisone Indication {{c2::ALLMultiple myeloma }}ROA{{c1::Oral IV}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Cytotoxic only 1. Conventional chemotherapy2. Targeted chemotherapy{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	QC. Mixture of cytostatic and cytotoxic1. Conventional chemotherapy2. Targeted chemotherapy{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	TKI drug suffix{{c1::-nib}}
Published	07/30/2024	DOC for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia {{c1::Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors - Imatinib}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::BCR-ABL kinase}} is the sole oncogene responsible in rare blood cancer (CML)
Published	07/30/2024	MOA of Imatinib {{c1::Inhibition of autophosphorylation of BCR-ABL by Gleevec}}
Published	07/30/2024	Bortezomib clinical use {{c1::Multiple myelomaPlasma cell disorder}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antibody specific chemotherapy CD20A. Rituximab B. AlemtuzumabC. TrastuzumabD. BrentuximabE. Gemtuzumab {{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antibody specific chemotherapy CD52A. Rituximab B. AlemtuzumabC. TrastuzumabD. BrentuximabE. Gemtuzumab {{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antibody specific chemotherapy HER2 antigen in Breast CancerA. Rituximab B. AlemtuzumabC. TrastuzumabD. BrentuximabE. Gemtuzumab {…
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antibody specific chemotherapy CD30A. Rituximab B. AlemtuzumabC. TrastuzumabD. BrentuximabE. Gemtuzumab {{c1::D}}
Published	07/30/2024	CBA. Antibody specific chemotherapy CD33A. Rituximab B. AlemtuzumabC. TrastuzumabD. BrentuximabE. Gemtuzumab {{c1::E}}
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. CTLA4 inhibitor2. T cell activity against tumor cells{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	VR1. PD1 inhibitor2. T cell activity against tumor cells{{c1::A}}
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