Notes in Michelle Dupois and Julian Knight

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Published	02/27/2025	Q: How does LDL cholesterol contribute to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: What process of lipid metabolism is impaired by mutations in familial hypercholesterolemia and how does it affect lipoprotein metabolism?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: A 36-year-old man presents with thickened Achilles tendons and yellowish plaques on his eyelids. His LDL cholesterol is 9.0 mmol/L. What causes the…
Published	02/27/2025	Q: A 52-year-old man with markedly elevated LDL cholesterol but no mutations in LDLR is found to have a gain-of-function mutation in PCSK9. How does P…
Published	02/27/2025	Q: How is familial hypercholesterolemia different in homozygous versus heterozygous manifestations of the disease?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: When ordering blood tests for a patient with xanthomas and xanthelasma why might you also order an HbA1c and TSH?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia are often asymptomatic. Why is it important to treat them early, despite being asymptomatic?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: A 41-year-old man with genetically confirmed familial hypercholesterolemia is prescribed a medication to control his LDL levels. What class of drug…
Published	02/27/2025	Q: What are some nonpharmacologic interventions you would recommend for a patient with dyslipidemia to reduce cardiovascular risk?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: What effect does calcium feedback have on parathyroid hormone secretion?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: What are the 3 main cell types in bone, and their functions
Published	02/27/2025	Q: What are the key stages of bone remodeling?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: How does chronic kidney disease contribute to secondary hyperparathyroidism?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: You are seeing a patient with chronic kidney disease who has come in with a distal radial fracture after a fall onto the outstretched arm. What lab…
Published	02/27/2025	Q: How do the kidneys, intestines, and bones contribute to calcium regulation?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: What are the major risk factors for osteoporosis?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: How does prolonged glucocorticoid use contribute to bone loss and fracture risk?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: What are the actions of parathyroid hormone in the regulation of calcium homeostasis?
Published	02/27/2025	Q: What are the physiological consequences of prolonged hypocalcemia on neuromuscular and cardiovascular function?
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