Notes in Ventilator

To Subscribe, use this Key

Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	02/18/2024	471fa15e105d460f95489b78f10a4762-ao-4
Published	02/18/2024	Ventolin is
Published	02/18/2024	An artificial airway is necessary in the following circumstances:{{c1::Need for high levels of FiO2 (hypoxic respiratory failure)}}{{c2::Need for assi…
Published	02/18/2024	35eb1cb5282142aa91bb05750f589b51-ao-9
Published	02/18/2024	e3700ed9b03b4746925f9cba9e79284d-ao-1
Published	02/18/2024	e3700ed9b03b4746925f9cba9e79284d-ao-2
Published	02/18/2024	e3700ed9b03b4746925f9cba9e79284d-ao-3
Published	02/18/2024	e3700ed9b03b4746925f9cba9e79284d-ao-4
Published	02/18/2024	Ppeak: {{c1::is the maximum pressure in the proximal airway at the end of inspiration}}
Published	02/18/2024	Pplateau: {{c1::is the equilibrium pressure reached if the expiratory tubing is occluded at the end of inspiration. It is a surrogate of end-inspirato…
Published	02/18/2024	Etiologies of increased airway resistance:{{c1::Bronchospasm}}{{c2::Excessive secertion}}{{c3::Mucus plug}}{{c4::Foreign body aspiration}}{{c5::Extrin…
Published	02/18/2024	Normal A-a gradient = {{c1::(age/4) + 4}}
Published	02/18/2024	80c31f23b1564754a51b6bf828b38281-ao-1
Published	02/18/2024	80c31f23b1564754a51b6bf828b38281-ao-2
Published	02/18/2024	80c31f23b1564754a51b6bf828b38281-ao-3
Published	02/18/2024	80c31f23b1564754a51b6bf828b38281-ao-4
Published	02/18/2024	80c31f23b1564754a51b6bf828b38281-ao-5
Published	02/18/2024	80c31f23b1564754a51b6bf828b38281-ao-6
Published	02/18/2024	80c31f23b1564754a51b6bf828b38281-ao-7
Published	02/18/2024	80c31f23b1564754a51b6bf828b38281-ao-8
Published	02/18/2024	BPAP is indicated for {{c1::hypercapnic respiratory failure (II)}}
Published	02/18/2024	PaO2 should = {{c1::FiO2 x 500 (e.g. 0.21 x 500 = 105 mmHg)}}
Published	02/18/2024	72bf7aeacc444af8b4f11332fc1105fc-ao-3
Published	02/18/2024	Indications for NIPPV:{{c1::Hypoxaemia requiring high respiratory rate, effort, and FIO2.}}{{c2::Hypercapnia in a fatiguing patient.}}{{c3::Weaning mo…
Published	02/18/2024	FiO2 {{c1::> 60%}} is associated with oxygen toxicity in the lungs. Thus if adequate oxygenation requires FiO2 {{c1::> 60%}}, additional strateg…
Published	02/18/2024	Ventilator customisable parameters:{{c1::Mode}}{{c2::Fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2)}}{{c3::Tidal volume (Tv)}}{{c4::Respiratory rate (RR)}}{{c5::P…
Published	02/18/2024	FiO2 in ventilators:{{c1::Applicable to every mode}}{{c2::FiO2 should be titrated to the lowest value which still maintains adequate oxygena…
Published	02/18/2024	Tidal volume (Tv) in mechanical ventilators:{{c1::Tv is most applicable to volume cycled modes (e.g. assist control, SIMV)}}{{c2::Tv is weig…
Published	02/18/2024	Higher Tv  → {{c1::lower PaCO2, higher pH, Higher Pplateau }}Lower Tv  → {{c2::higher PaCO2, lower pH, lower Pplateau }}
Published	02/18/2024	Respiratory rate (RR) in mechanical ventilator:RR is most applicable with {{c1::time-triggered modes (e.g. assist control) and SIMV}}. Other modes onl…
Published	02/18/2024	Higher RR → {{c1::lower PaCO2, higher pH, higher risk of auto-PEEP}}Lower RR → {{c2::higher PaCO2, lower pH, lower risk of auto-PEEP}}
Published	02/18/2024	Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in mechanical ventilator:Is a {{c1::contiuous positive pressure present throughout all of ventilation}}Relevan…
Published	02/18/2024	Physiologic effects of PEEP:{{c1::↑ alveolar recruitment }}{{c2::↑ alveolar surface }}{{c3::Both ↑ Oxygenation}}{{c4::↓ preload}}{{c5::↓ LV …
Published	02/18/2024	PEEP (standard practice): Set to {{c1::lowest value that allows FiO2 to be ≤ 60%}} With minimum PEEP value of {{c2::5 cm H2O.}}
Published	02/18/2024	Pressure support in mechanical ventilation:It is {{c1::the amount of additional positive pressure beyond PEEP that is provided during inspiratio…
Published	02/18/2024	In hypercapnic respiratory failure increasing the {{c1::respiratory rate}} is often preferred because excessive tidal volume (eg, >6-8 mL/kg) incre…
Published	02/18/2024	Flow shape / contour in mechanical ventilation:Describes {{c1::the pattern of airflow during inspiration}}Set by clinician in {{c2::volume-targeted mo…
Published	02/18/2024	Inspiratory : Expiratory (I:E) Ration:The ration between {{c1::the amount of time spent in inspiration and the amount of time spent in expiration.}}Re…
Published	02/18/2024	b0b1487accaa44609c3a8ea48f6a3541-ao-1
Published	02/18/2024	b0b1487accaa44609c3a8ea48f6a3541-ao-2
Published	02/18/2024	b0b1487accaa44609c3a8ea48f6a3541-ao-3
Published	02/18/2024	e0bf3367088946c1a7ded849c7125579-ao-1
Published	02/18/2024	e0bf3367088946c1a7ded849c7125579-ao-2
Published	02/18/2024	e0bf3367088946c1a7ded849c7125579-ao-3
Published	02/18/2024	{{c1::Peak airway pressure}} is the sum of airway resistance and plateau pressure. The plateau pressure is the sum of the elastic pressure and positi…
Published	02/18/2024	{{c1::Ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI)}} can occur in virtually any lung disease, but most frequently complicated ALI/ARDS
Published	02/18/2024	Types of VALI:{{c1::Barorauma}}: {{c6::Pneumothorax, tension penumothorax}}{{c7::Pneumomediastanium}}{{c8::Subcutaneous emphysema}}{{c9::Systemic…
Published	02/18/2024	Risk factors for barotrauma:{{c1::Plateau airway pressure >30-35 cm H2O}}{{c2::High minute ventilation}}{{c3::Non-homogenous parenchymal disease (e…
Published	02/18/2024	Biotrauma in mechanical ventilation:Is the {{c1::release of proinflammatory cytokines in response to supranormal inraalveolar pressures}}Occurs in the…
Published	02/18/2024	Cyclic atelectasis (aka atelectrauma):The result of {{c1::non-uniform cyclic expantion and collapse of alveoli}}Shear forces may {{c2::damage alveoli …
Published	02/18/2024	Lung protective ventilation:Designed to prevent {{c1::VALI}}Principle feature: {{c2::low tidal volumes}}
Published	02/18/2024	One of the methods for selecting PEEP in lung protective ventilation is using {{c1::published tables of FiO2 and PEEP to achieve PaO2 or SpO2 within a…
Published	02/18/2024	Contraindications to hypercapnia:{{c1::Increased ICP: hypercapnia induces cerebral vasodilation → further ↑ ICP}}{{c2::Hemodynamic instability: hyperc…
Published	02/18/2024	Open lung ventilation:Is a stratey that combines:{{c1::Low tidal volumes = ↓ volutrauma}}{{c2::High PEEP = ↓ cyclic atelectasis}}
Published	02/18/2024	Protocol for ventilating in ARDS:Step 1: {{c1::choose ventilation mode (typically AC or SIMV)}}Step 2: {{c2::start with Vt of 6ml/kg of IBW}}Step 3: {…
Published	02/18/2024	Mechanical ventilation with intubation is associated with a number of serious complications (eg, pneumonia, pulmonary barotrauma); therefore, its dura…
Status	Last Update	Fields