Notes in 01 Hematologic Pre-Malignancies, Malignancies, and Chronic Malignancies

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Published	12/07/2023	Myelodysplastic syndromes result in {{c1::pancytopenia}}, despite a normal {{c2::hyper}}cellular bone marrow
Published	12/07/2023	Child with bone pain, non-tender lymphadenopathy, and pancytopenia is suggestive of {{c1::acute lymphoblastic leukemia::diagnosis?}}
Published	12/07/2023	What is the likely diagnosis of this bone marrow aspiration?{{c1::Multiple myeloma or MGUS}}
Published	12/07/2023	The 1st line treatment for {{c4::multiple myeloma}} is "triple therapy" with {{c1::bortezomib}}, {{c2::dexamethasone}}, and lenalidomid…
Published	12/07/2023	{{c2::Chronic lymphocytic}} leukemia may transform into {{c1::diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)}} via the {{c3::Richter}} transformation
Published	12/07/2023	{{c2::Chronic myeloid}} leukemia is defined by the t({{c1::9}};{{c1::22}}) translocation
Published	09/03/2024	Acute leukemia may present acutely with symptoms of {{c1::anemia}}, {{c2::thrombocytopenia}}, and/or {{c3::neutropenia}}
Published	09/03/2024	What demographic is most commonly associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)? {{c1::Children::age group}}
Published	09/03/2024	Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is subclassified into {{c1::B}}-ALL and {{c1::T}}-ALL based on surface markers
Published	09/03/2024	Which type of ALL (B- or T-ALL) is the most common? {{c1::B-ALL}}
Published	12/07/2023	Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) most commonly arises in {{c1::older adults (median onset 65 years)}}
Published	09/03/2024	In acute {{c2::monocytic}} leukemia, blasts characteristically infiltrate the {{c1::gums}}
Published	09/03/2024	Risk factors for {{c3::acute myeloid}} leukemia include prior exposure to chemotherapy with {{c1::alkylating agents}} or {{c1::topoisomerase…
Published	12/07/2023	{{c2::Chronic lymphocytic}} leukemia is a neoplastic proliferation of naive {{c3::B}} cells that co-express CD-{{c1::5}} and CD-{{c1::20}}
Published	09/03/2024	{{c2::Chronic lymphocytic}} leukemia is associated with {{c1::smudge}} cells and increased lymphocytes on blood smear
Published	09/03/2024	Chronic myeloproliferative disorders (except CML) are associated with {{c1::V617F JAK2}} mutations
Published	09/03/2024	{{c1::Chronic myeloid}} leukemia is a neoplastic proliferation of mature myeloid cells, especially {{c2::granulocytes}} and their precursors (basophil…
Published	12/07/2023	Chronic myeloid leukemia* responds well to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as {{c1::imatinib}}
Published	09/03/2024	Chronic myeloid leukemia commonly results in {{c1::spleno}}-megaly
Published	09/03/2024	{{c1::Polycythemia vera}} is a neoplastic proliferation of mature myeloid cells, especially {{c2::red blood}} cells
Published	09/03/2024	Polycythemia vera is characterized by {{c1::significantly increased}} RBC mass
Published	09/03/2024	{{c1::Essential thrombocythemia (ET)}} is a neoplastic proliferation of mature myeloid cells, especially {{c2::platelets}}
Published	09/03/2024	Symptoms of essential thrombocythemia are related to an increased risk of {{c1::bleeding}} and/or {{c2::thrombosis}}
Published	09/03/2024	{{c1::Follicular}} lymphoma is a neoplastic proliferation of small B cells (CD20+) that form follicle-like nodules
Published	12/07/2023	Follicular lymphoma typically presents in {{c1::late adulthood::age group}}
Published	09/03/2024	{{c2::Follicular}} lymphoma is driven by a t({{c1::14}};{{c1::18}}) translocation
Published	09/03/2024	Follicular lymphoma may progress to {{c1::diffuse, large B-cell}} lymphoma, which presents as an enlarging lymph node
Published	09/03/2024	Is follicular lymphoma typically aggressive or indolent?{{c1::Indolent}}
Published	12/07/2023	{{c1::Diffuse large B-cell}} lymphoma is a neoplastic proliferation of large B cells (CD20+) that grow diffusely in sheets
Published	09/03/2024	What is the most common form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma?{{c1::Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)}}
Published	09/03/2024	Is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma typically aggressive or indolent? {{c1::Aggressive}}
Published	09/03/2024	{{c1::Diffuse large B-cell}} lymphoma arises sporadically or from transformation of low-grade lymphoma (e.g. follicular lymphoma)
Published	09/03/2024	Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma often presents in {{c1::late adulthood::age group}} as an enlarging lymph node or an extranodal mass
Published	09/03/2024	Multiple myeloma is associated with {{c1::M spike}} on serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP)
Published	09/03/2024	{{c1::Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)}} is an asymptomatic condition characterized by an M spike on SPEP without other featu…
Published	09/03/2024	1-2% of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of underdetermined significance (MGUS) develop {{c1::multiple myeloma}} per year
Published	09/03/2024	The t(9;22) translocation (BCR-ABL) is also known as the {{c1::Philadelphia}} chromosome
Published	12/07/2023	Imatinib is the gold standard for patients with {{c1::Chronic Myelogenous}} Leukemia that have a(n) {{c2::Bcr-Abl}} fusion receptor tyrosine kina…
Published	12/07/2023	What is the diagnostic test of choice for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)?{{c1::Flow cytometry}}
Published	12/07/2023	What are the associated tumors (2) that result from gain of function of the Bcl-2 oncogene?{{c1::follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas}}
Published	12/07/2023	A follicular lymphoma due to Bcl-2 overexpression results from a(n) {{c1::t(14;18)}} mutation
Published	12/07/2023	Rituximab can be used to treat CD20+ {{c1::non-Hodgkin's (e.g. follicular)}} lymphoma
Published	12/07/2023	Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma is most commonly caused by alterations in {{c1::Bcl-2}} or {{c2::Bcl-6}}
Published	12/07/2023	{{c1::Rituximab}} (anti-CD20 antibody) can be used to treat diffuse large B-cell and follicular lymphoma
Published	12/07/2023	Auer rods (MPO inclusions) are suggestive of {{c1::AML (esp. APL)::condition}}
Published	12/07/2023	The signs/symptoms of {{c6::multiple myeloma}} may be remembered with the mnemonic "CRAB": C: {{c1::hyperCalcemia}}R: {{c1::Renal involvement}}A: {{c1…
Published	12/07/2023	Myelodysplastic syndromes rmay present with {{c1::variable}} leukocytes and platelets
Published	12/07/2023	The next step in diagnosis for suspected myelodysplastic syndrome is {{c1::bone marrow biopsy}}
Published	12/07/2023	Do myeloproliferative neoplasms cause severe constitutional symptoms?{{c1::Yes}}
Published	12/07/2023	Exposure to benzene (plastics, rubber tire industries) is a risk factor for {{c1::acute myeloid leukemia::leukemia}}
Published	12/07/2023	Acute {{c1::myeloid}} leukemia presents with fever, bone pain, weakness and fatigue
Published	12/07/2023	Acute myeloid leukemia presents with {{c1::petechiae and ecchymosis::skin findings (2)}} due to thrombocytopenia
Published	12/07/2023	Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia usually presents {{c1::with::with/without}} easy bruising/bleeding, fatigue and fever&…
Published	12/07/2023	T-cell ALL is caused by a mutation in a pre-T-cell in the {{c1::thymus::location}} B-cell ALL is caused by a mutation in a pre-B-cell i…
Published	12/07/2023	{{c1::Non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin::Hodgkin/non-Hodgkin}} lymphoma may present with "B" symptoms (e.g. weight loss, fever, night sweats)
Published	12/07/2023	What neutrophil abnormality is shown here?{{c1::Hypo-segmentation (Pelger-Huet)}}
Published	12/07/2023	Myelodysplastic disorders are {{c1::acquired::inherited vs acquired}}
Published	12/07/2023	Myelodysplastic syndrome most commonly presents in {{c1::late adulthood (50+ years old)::age group}}
Published	12/07/2023	Myelodysplastic syndrome is due to {{c1::clonal}} expansion of a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)
Published	12/07/2023	What chemotherapeutic drug classes can result in increased risk of myelodysplastic syndrome?{{c1::Alkylating agents}} and {{c1::topoisomerase II …
Published	12/07/2023	Fanconi anemia can progress to {{c1::myelodysplastic syndrome::myelo...}}
Published	12/07/2023	Neutrophils with a uni-lobed nucleus are called {{c1::Stodtmeister cells}}, and they are suspicious for {{c2::myelodysplastic syndrome:…
Published	12/07/2023	{{c1::Acute::Acute vs Chronic}} leukemias are fatal if untreated
Published	12/07/2023	AML can result in release of inflexible, sticky blasts into the blood, which can plug up the microvasculature, a phenomenon known as {{c1::leukostasis…
Published	12/07/2023	AML with a t(8; 21) mutation has a(n) {{c1::good}} prognosis
Published	12/07/2023	Down syndrome increases the likelihood of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and {{c1::acute myeloid}} leukemia
Published	12/07/2023	In pediatric patients, acute leukemia may present with refusal to bear weight, which indicates {{c1::bone pain}}
Published	12/07/2023	What skin rash is a common presentation of acute leukemia?{{c1::Petechiae}}
Published	12/07/2023	Ann Arbor Lymphoma StagingStage {{c1::I}} = 1 lymph node group affected
Published	12/07/2023	Ann Arbor Lymphoma StagingStage {{c1::II}} = 2+ lymph node groups affected, same side of diaphragm
Published	12/07/2023	Ann Arbor Lymphoma StagingStage {{c1::III}} = 2+ lymph node groups affected, both sides of diaphragm
Published	12/07/2023	Ann Arbor Lymphoma StagingStage {{c1::IV}} = extranodal sites affected (e.g. bone marrow, liver, etc.)
Published	12/07/2023	What chromosome is p53 located on?{{c1::Chromosome 17}}
Published	12/07/2023	What is the recommended treatment for asymptomatic chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)?{{c1::Observation}}
Published	12/07/2023	Treatment for indolent lymphoma is indicated when pt has {{c1::cytopenias}}, {{c1::B}} symptoms, or progressive disease
Published	12/07/2023	CLL with del 17p (missing TP53) should be treated with {{c1::ibrutinib}}
Published	12/07/2023	CLL with del 17p has a(n) {{c1::poor}} prognosis
Published	12/07/2023	Is Burkitt lymphoma typically aggressive or indolent?{{c1::(Highly) aggressive}}
Published	12/07/2023	Indolent lymphomas are generally {{c1::incurable::in/curable}}
Published	12/07/2023	Aggressive lymphomas are generally {{c1::curable::in/curable}}
Published	12/07/2023	Indolent lymphoma most often presents in stage {{c1::III}} or {{c1::IV}}
Published	12/07/2023	What is the most common form of indolent lymphoma?{{c1::Follicular lymphoma}}
Published	12/07/2023	Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma usually presents with elevated {{c1::LDH::enzyme}}
Published	12/07/2023	What chemotherapeutic regimen is first-line for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?{{c1::R-CHOP}}
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