Notes in Brachial Plexus and Axilla

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New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary Boundaries - Axillary InletList the 3 structures which define the axillary inlet{{c1::Lateral margin of Rib I}}{{c1::Clavicle}}{{c1::Superior…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary Boundaries - Axillary InletThe axillary inlet is continuous with the {{c1::neck}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary Boundaries - Anterior wallWhich 3 structures define the anterior wall of the axilla?{{c1::Pectoralis muscles (major and minor)}}{{c1::Subclav…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary Boundaries - Anterior wallThe lower margin of the pectoralis major muscle makes the {{c1::anterior axillary fold}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary Boundaries - Medial wallWhich 3 strucutres compose the medial axillary wall?{{c1::Thoracic wall}}{{c1::Serratus anterior muscles}}{{c1::Long …
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary Boundaries - Floor/baseWhich strucutre composes the base of the axillary boundary?{{c1::Skin of armpit}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary Boundaries - Lateral wallWhich structure composes the lateral wall of the axilla?{{c1::Intertubercular sulcus of humerus}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary Boundaries - Posterior wallWhich 4 structures compose the posterior axillary wall?{{c1::Subscapularis muscle}}{{c1::Teres major muscle}}{{c1:…
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New Card	10/06/2024	State all of the boundaries of the axilla{{c1::Axillary inlet}}{{c1::Anterior wall}}{{c1::Posterior wall }}{{c1::Medial wall }}{{c1::Lateral…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axilllary contentWhich two muscles are found within the axilla?{{c1::Coracobrachialiss}}{{c1::Biceps brachii}}
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New Card	10/06/2024	Biceps BrachiiOrigin{{c1::Supraglenoid tubercle (long head), coracoid process (short head) }}Insertion{{c1::Radial tuberosity of forea…
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New Card	10/06/2024	The axillary artery is split into {{c2::3::#}} parts, which are defined by the {{c1::pectoralis minor::muscle}}
New Card	10/06/2024	The {{c2::first}} part of the axillary artery branches into the {{c1::superior thoracic}} artery
New Card	10/06/2024	The superior thoracic artery supplies the {{c1::upper medial and anterior axillary wallls::2}}
New Card	10/06/2024	The second part of the axillary artery branches to the {{c1::thoracoacromial artery}} and {{c1::lateral thoracic artery}}
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New Card	10/06/2024	The thoracoacromial artery supplies the {{c1::clavicular, acromial, deltoid and pectoral branches::4}}
New Card	10/06/2024	The lateral thoracic artery supplies the {{c1::pectoralis minor, serratus anterior and lateral thoracic wall::3 structures}}
New Card	10/06/2024	The third part of the axillary artery branches to the {{c1::subscapular artery}}, {{c1::anterior humeral circumflex artery}} and {{c1::posterior humer…
New Card	10/06/2024	The subscapular artery branches to the {{c1::circumflex}} artery and {{c1::thoracodorsal}} artery
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New Card	10/06/2024	Arterial anastomoses of shoulderSubclavian-Axillary anastomoses(two routes arising from thyrocervical trunk): Subclavian a. > Thyrocervical tr…
New Card	10/06/2024	Arterial anastomoses of shoulderAxillary-Axillary anastomosis: Axillary a. > {{c1::Thoracoacromial trunk}} > {{c1::Acromial branch}} > {…
New Card	10/06/2024	Arterial anastomoses of shoulderAxillary-Brachial anastomosis: Axillary a. > {{c1::Humeral circumflex a.}} > {{c1::Profunda brachii a.}}
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New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - VeinsThe axillary vein is {{c1::anteromedial::positioning}} to axillary artery
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - VeinsThe cephalic vein is found in the {{c1::deltopectoral}} groove
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New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - Lymph nodesThe axillary lymph nodes drain the entire {{c1::upper limb}} and adjacent areas of the {{c2::back and chest::2 structure…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - Lymph nodesList the 5 groups of axillary lymph nodes{{c1::Lateral (humeral)}}{{c1::Pectoral}}{{c1::Subscapular}}{{c1::Central}}{{c1…
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New Card	10/06/2024	The {{c1::axillary}} process of the mammary gland may enter the axilla
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New Card	10/06/2024	Is there parasympathetic innervation in upper limbs?{{c1::NO}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesThe brachial plexus is formed by the {{c2::ventral rami}} of {{c1::C5-T1::Vertebral levels}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial PlexusProvides all {{c1::somatic motor}} innervation and {{c1::sensory}} innervation to {{c2::upper limb}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial PlexusCarry {{c1::sympathetics}} to {{c2::blood vessels, errector pilli muscles and sweat glands::3 structures}} fro…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Parts of the pleuxs (Overview)The brachial plexus consists of 5 parts. List them from most medial to proxim…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the rootsThe C5 root branches to the {{c1::dorsal scapular n. (C5)::nerve + vertebral level}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the rootsThe dorsal scapular. innervates the {{c1::rhomboid muscles (major and minor)}}Also inn…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the rootsThe roots {{c1::C5, C6, C7::vertebral levels}} branch out to the {{c2::long thoracic n…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the rootsThe long thoracic n. supplies the {{c1::serratus anterior muscle}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the rootsThe {{c1::C5}} root contributes to the {{c2::phrenic n. (C5)::nerve + vetebral level}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches and origins of the trunksThe superior trunk arises from {{c1::ventral rami C5 and C6}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches and origins of the trunksThe middle trunk arises from {{c1::ventral rami C7}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches and origins of the trunksThe inferior trunk arises from {{c1::ventral rami C8 and T1}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches and origins of the trunksThe superior trunk branches out to the {{c1::suprascapular n. (C5-C6)::ne…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches and origins of the trunksThe suprascapular n. (C5-C6) supplies the {{c1::supraspinatus and infrasp…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe medial cord branches out to:{{c1::Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1) [With C5-C7 contri…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe medial pectoral nerve supplies the {{c1::pectoralis major and minor::2 structures}…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe medial brachial cutaenous nerve innervates {{c1::skin on the medial distal one thi…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve innervates {{c1::skin on the medial side of fo…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe lateral cord branches out to the {{c1::lateral pectoral nerve (C5-C7)::nerve + ver…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe lateral pectoral nerve innervates the {{c1::pectoralis major}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe posterior cord branches out to:{{c1::Axillary nerve (C5-C6)::nerve + vertebral lev…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe axillary nerve innervates the {{c1::deltoid, teres minor and skin over upper later…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe superior subscapular nerve innervates the {{c1::subscapularis}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe thoracodorsal nerve innervates the {{c1::latissimus dorsi}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Branches of the cordsThe inferior subscapular nerve innervates the {{c1::subscapularis and teres major::2 s…
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New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Terminal nerves of brachial plexusList the 4 terminal nerves and vertebral level3 from anterior division{{c…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Terminal nerves of brachial plexusAll terminal nerves provide {{c1::somatic motor and sensory::2 types}} in…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Terminal nerves of brachial plexusMusculocutaneous nerve innervates {{c1::all muscles in anterior compartme…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Terminal nerves of brachial plexusMedian nerve innervates:{{c1::Most muscles in anterior compartment of for…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Terminal nerves of brachial plexusUlnar nerve innervates:{{c1::Most intrinsic muscles of hand}}{{c1::Some m…
New Card	10/06/2024	Axillary content - nervesBrachial Plexus - Terminal nerves of brachial plexusThe radial nerve innervates {{c1::all muscles of posterior compartment of…
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New Card	10/06/2024	Draw the brachial plexus {{c1::on back}}
New Card	10/06/2024	A dermatome is an area of skin supplied by a {{c1::single spinal cord level}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Peripheral nerves have contributions from {{c1::multiple::single/multiple}} spinal level(s)
New Card	10/06/2024	Dermatomes overlap, but there is usually an area of {{c1::minimal}} overlapTesting touch in these areas allow you to localise injuries to a specific {…
New Card	10/06/2024	Pinching the index finger tests the {{c1::median}} (peripheral) nerve AND the {{c1::C7}} spinal nerve level
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New Card	10/06/2024	{{c1::Caudal}} dermatome segments extend further {{c2::distally}} than {{c1::cranial}} segments
New Card	10/06/2024	Dermatome patterns {{c1::change::stay the same/change}} during growth
New Card	10/06/2024	Areas of minimal dermatome overlap are used to test for {{c1::sensation}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Clinical relevance - Upper limb dermatomes and areas of testingTo test {{c1::C5}}, you use the {{c2::upper lateral arm}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Clinical relevance - Upper limb dermatomes and areas of testingTo test {{c1::C6}}, you use the {{c2::pad of thumb}
New Card	10/06/2024	Clinical relevance - Upper limb dermatomes and areas of testingTo test {{c1::C7}}, you use the {{c2::pad of index finger}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Clinical relevance - Upper limb dermatomes and areas of testingTo test {{c1::C8}}, you use the {{c2::pad of little finger}
New Card	10/06/2024	Clinical relevance - Upper limb dermatomes and areas of testingTo test {{c1::T1}}, you use the {{c2::Medial elbow}}
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New Card	10/06/2024	Erb's PalsyOccurs from damage to roots of {{c1::C5}} and {{c1::C6}}{{c2::Traumatic lateral neck bending (from childbirth, or fall on shoulder)::Way in…
New Card	10/06/2024	Erb's PalsyAs a consequence to damage of roots C5-C6, Erb's Palsy patients will present with:{{c1::Adducted and medially rotated arm}}{{c1::Extended e…
New Card	10/06/2024	Klumpke's ParalysisOccurs as a result of damage to root {{c1::C8}} and {{c1::T1}}The damage can arise from {{c2::traumatic hyperabduction of arm}}
New Card	10/06/2024	Klumpke's ParalysisThis condition will present with: {{c1::Paralysis of most hand muscles}}{{c1::C8/T1 dermatome numbness}}{{c1::Claw hand presen…
New Card	10/06/2024	Radial nerve injuryOccurs due to damage of {{c1::posterior cord}} or {{c1::radial nerve}}This damage can arise from {{c2::improper use of crutches, fr…
New Card	10/06/2024	Radial nerve injuryThis condition will present with:{{c1::Loss of extensors (triceps, brachioradialis, supinator and extensors of wrist and fingers)}}…
New Card	10/06/2024	Median nerve injuryOccurs due to damage to {{c1::median}} nerve
New Card	10/06/2024	Median nerve injuryThis condition presents with:Loss of {{c1::finger and wrist flexors, thenar muscles and 1st and 2nd lumbricals::Loss of 3 muscles/m…
New Card	10/06/2024	Median nerve injuryWhy do patients with median nerve injury make Pope's blessing/Benedicition hand when attempting to make a fist?{{c1::Cannot abduct …
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