Notes in Combustion Quals

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	08/18/2023	Rankine cycle
Published	08/18/2023	Thermodynamics
Published	08/18/2023	Classical vs Statistical Thermodynamics
Published	08/18/2023	Properties and state of a system
Published	08/18/2023	When is a quantity a property?
Published	08/18/2023	Three macroscopic contributions to change in total energy of system
Published	08/18/2023	What are the heat transfer mechanisms?
Published	08/18/2023	Thermal energy vs heat
Published	08/18/2023	0th law of thermodynamics
Published	08/18/2023	2nd law of thermodynamicsa) control massb) words
Published	08/18/2023	State postulate
Published	08/18/2023	What are independent ways to transfer energy?
Published	08/18/2023	When is a work mode reversible?
Published	08/18/2023	Simple vs simple compressible substance
Published	08/18/2023	For a mixture of m pure substances, how many properties are independent?
Published	08/18/2023	If two systems are in TD eq, what can be said about their properties?
Published	08/18/2023	1st law of thermodynamicsa) control massb) general
Published	08/18/2023	Principle of corresponding states
Published	08/18/2023	When does the ideal gas law fail and why?
Published	08/18/2023	Full ideal gas model (classical thermo) including assumptions
Published	08/18/2023	Polytropic process for a closed system (assumptions)
Published	08/18/2023	Why do we need the 2nd law?
Published	08/18/2023	General implications of the 2nd law
Published	08/18/2023	Why is Gibb's equation helpful?
Published	08/18/2023	Entropy change for an isolated system
Published	08/18/2023	Flow work
Published	08/18/2023	For a flowing system vs control mass, what thermodynamic variable are we more "concerned" with to describe the properties
Published	08/18/2023	Chemical potentiala) Intensive or extensive + units
Published	08/18/2023	When does Cp = Cv
Published	08/18/2023	What is the relationship between specific heats and why?
Published	08/18/2023	How do you raise the efficiency of cycles? a) Otto b) Diesel c) Brayton
Published	08/18/2023	Molar property
Published	08/18/2023	Standard chemical potential
Published	08/18/2023	What is a calorically perfect gas?
Published	08/18/2023	What is the chemical potential of a single component of a TPG in a mixture dependent on?
Published	08/18/2023	For a TPG mixture, how would you find the chemical potential (or Gibbs) of a single component
Published	08/18/2023	How do you find the total enthalpy (or internal energy) of a mixture?
Published	08/18/2023	How do you find the total specific heat of a mixture?
Published	08/18/2023	Partial pressure from total pressure
Published	08/18/2023	In a TPG mixture1) Enthalpy and internal energy depends on2) Entropy depends on
Published	08/18/2023	Van der Waals equation of state
Published	08/18/2023	What is one way to measure fugacity?
Published	08/18/2023	What does partial fugacity of a component of a mixture depend on?
Published	08/18/2023	Lewis-Randall rule
Published	08/18/2023	Minimum G physical interpretation for mixing
Published	08/18/2023	What does the equilibrium constant mean/do?
Published	08/18/2023	What is equilibrium constant a function of for a perfect gas? What about imperfect?
Published	08/18/2023	How does Kp behave as a function of temperature?
Published	08/18/2023	How does temperature dependence differ between Kp, Kc, and Kf?
Published	08/18/2023	What is the difference in van Hofft's equation for Kp, Kc, and Kf?
Published	08/18/2023	How do you define a standardized enthalpy?
Published	08/18/2023	3rd law of thermodynamics
Published	08/18/2023	For condensed species (solids liquids) of pure phase, what can you assume about the chemical potential and why does it matter?
Published	08/18/2023	How many equilibrium stoichiometric reactions (Kp 's) are required to determine equilibrium composition of chosen set of species and what else is need…
Published	08/18/2023	Area on a T-s diagram and p-v diagram for internally reversible process is
Published	08/18/2023	Air-standard analysis
Published	08/18/2023	What are some ways to increase the efficiency of the Brayton cycle?
Published	08/18/2023	Draw a geneal phase diagram
Published	08/18/2023	How does a cycle approach the Carnot cycle?
Published	08/18/2023	If Stirling and Ericsson cycles have the same efficiency formula as the Carnot cycle, how are they different?
Published	08/18/2023	Carnot cycle
Published	08/18/2023	Diesel cycle
Published	08/18/2023	Otto cycle
Published	08/18/2023	Stirling cycle
Published	08/18/2023	Brayton cycle
Published	08/18/2023	Enthalpic state equation
Published	08/18/2023	Refrigeration cycle coefficient of performanceA) max possible
Published	08/18/2023	Standard heat of reaction(Endo and exo condition)
Published	08/18/2023	Thermal efficiency of a power cycleA) special case for reversible
Published	08/18/2023	Van't Hoff Equation
Published	08/18/2023	Standardized enthalpy
Published	08/18/2023	Chemical potential for single substance in pure phase
Published	08/18/2023	Cyclic rule
Published	08/18/2023	Partial molar property
Published	08/18/2023	Kp (assumptions, basic derivation steps, all 4 forms)
Published	08/18/2023	Chemical potential and Gibbs free energy relationship
Published	08/18/2023	Thermodynamic definition of temperature
Published	08/18/2023	Ideal gas from perfect gas definition
Published	08/18/2023	Maxwell relations
Published	08/18/2023	Perfect gas model
Published	08/18/2023	Single TPG state eqn/properties
Published	08/18/2023	Fugacity for pure gas
Published	08/18/2023	Derivation of Maxwell's relations
Published	08/18/2023	Kf
Published	08/18/2023	Entropic state equation
Published	08/18/2023	Dalton's law of partial pressures
Published	08/18/2023	Affinity
Published	08/18/2023	Conservation of mass for chemical reaction
Published	08/18/2023	Enthalpy
Published	08/18/2023	Gibbs free energy
Published	08/18/2023	Gibbs equation
Published	08/18/2023	Compressibility coefficients
Published	08/18/2023	Helmholtz free energy
Published	08/18/2023	Specific heat definition
Published	08/18/2023	Thermodynamic definition of pressure (plus assumptions)
Published	08/18/2023	Kc+ how to get it from Kp
Published	08/18/2023	Chemical potential condition for equilibrium
Published	08/18/2023	General conditions for equilibrium
Published	08/18/2023	Compressibility factor and value for ideal gas
Published	08/18/2023	Is enthalpy conserved in an isolated system? Why does the same logic not apply for energy?
Published	08/18/2023	What does enthalpy represent in flow systems?
Published	08/18/2023	For a state function, does it matter if the path is irreversible or reversible?
Published	08/18/2023	Bohr's postulates
Published	08/18/2023	Problems with Bohr's model
Published	08/18/2023	Modifications to Bohr atom and their effects
Published	08/18/2023	Heisenberg's uncertainty principles
Published	08/18/2023	Wave function
Published	08/18/2023	Schrödinger Equationa) Generalb) Time-independent
Published	08/18/2023	What is a quantum state? Compared to thermodynamic state?
Published	08/18/2023	Spacing between energy states for a) Particle in a box (translatational)b) 1D Harmonic oscillator (vibrational)c) 2/3D rigid rotor (rotational)
Published	08/18/2023	3D rigid rotorA) JB) m
Published	08/18/2023	2D Rigid Rotor
Published	08/18/2023	Particle in a box
Published	08/18/2023	Emission spectra equation
Published	08/18/2023	Equilibriuma) Thermalb) Mechanicalc) Chemical
Published	08/18/2023	What statistical mechanics provides and approach to using it
Published	08/18/2023	Statistical mechanics microscopic model big assumption
Published	08/18/2023	Ensemble method approacha) Microcanonicalb) Canonicalc) Grand canonical
Published	08/18/2023	Maxwell-Boltzmann Method Outline
Published	08/18/2023	Macrostate vs microstate
Published	08/18/2023	Statistical modelsa) Boltzmann statistics w/out degenercyb) Boltzmann statistics w/degenercyc) Corrected Boltzmannd) Bose-Einsteine) Fermi-Dirac
Published	08/18/2023	W(Ni) from statistical mechanics
Published	08/18/2023	Where does degeneracy in rotational energy come from?
Published	08/18/2023	When are pressure, volume, and temperature independent?
Published	08/18/2023	Degeneracy general definition and for each energy typea) electronicb) vibrationalc) Rotationald) Translationale) Extended
Published	08/18/2023	\(\Omega\) and microstate relationship
Published	08/18/2023	Physical interpretation of the most probable distribution of particles over energy levels
Published	08/18/2023	Physical interprations of maximizing ln(W)
Published	08/18/2023	What does ln(Wmax) depend on and where does the derivation come from? Where do alpha and beta come from?
Published	08/18/2023	Fundamental postulate of statistical mechanics
Published	08/18/2023	Boltzmann's relation including implications and assumptions
Published	08/18/2023	Partition functiona) How it is usefulb) Where does it come from?
Published	08/18/2023	What are alpha and beta equal to in the partition function?
Published	08/18/2023	Statistical thermodynamics interpretation of T
Published	08/18/2023	When are energy modes independent and what does that mean mathematically for the partition function?
Published	08/18/2023	Which energy modes are independent?
Published	08/18/2023	In general, which energy modes affect each other and how?
Published	08/18/2023	Joule Thomson effect
Published	08/18/2023	Gibbs-Duhem equation
Published	08/18/2023	cv and partition function
Published	08/18/2023	Energy and partition function
Published	08/18/2023	Chemical potential and partition function
Published	08/18/2023	Pressure and partition function (is it a function of volume)
Published	08/18/2023	Entropy from statistical thermo
Published	08/18/2023	Can you separate macroscopic energy into independent energy modes? If so, how? What about entropy?
Published	08/18/2023	Translational partition function a) explain functionality of each TD variableb) assumptions
Published	08/18/2023	Translational energy mode (statistical)a) pressureb) temperaturec) specific heatd) entropye) chemical potentialf) partition function
Published	08/18/2023	Principle of equipartition of energy and application to a) translational energyb) rotational energyc) vibrational energy
Published	08/18/2023	Born-Oppenheimer approximation
Published	08/18/2023	Characteristic temperaturea) electronicb) rotationalc) vibrational
Published	08/18/2023	Electronic partition function
Published	08/18/2023	Rotational energy modea) Partition functionb) Energyc) Specific heat
Published	08/18/2023	What two factors determine Qrot for a diatomic molecule?
Published	08/18/2023	Vibrational energy mode (diatomic)a) Partition functionb) Energyc) Specific heat
Published	08/18/2023	For typical conditions of diatomics, how to characteristic temperatures compare to each other and to typical operating temperatures
Published	08/18/2023	Gibbs Phase Rule (reacting and nonreacting)
Published	08/18/2023	Internal energy mode populationsa) Electronicb) Vibrationalc) Rotationald) Translational
Published	08/18/2023	2 level electronic model, explain these plots
Published	08/18/2023	Corrections to simple energy models
Published	08/18/2023	How many DOF or modes for translation, rotation, and vibration? How does this relate to calculating the specific heat for a molecule?
Published	08/18/2023	Types of vibration modes
Published	08/18/2023	Interpret these plot
Published	08/18/2023	What is the maximum contribution to specific heat for each modea) Translationalb) Rotationalc) Vibrational
Published	08/18/2023	For diatomics and polyatomics, when are the rigid rotor and harmonic oscillator models reasonable approximations
Published	08/18/2023	Law of mass action
Published	08/18/2023	Interpret this: ,
Published	08/18/2023	Can a partial molar property be the same as a molar property?
Published	08/18/2023	How do you find beta?
Published	08/18/2023	Interpret this:
Published	08/18/2023	How is the statistical mechanics approach for reacting PGs different than for single species?
Published	08/18/2023	Kp (from statistical thermo)a) Why is there a volume there?b) Interpret the last term on the right
Published	08/18/2023	Physical interpretation of Kp from statistical mechanics point of view
Published	08/18/2023	Fraction of molecules in ith energy level for most probable macrostate
Published	08/18/2023	What is the difference in Kp calculation/expression from a statistical mechanics and classical thermo pov?
Published	08/18/2023	What does it mean for a energy mode to be fully excited?
Published	08/18/2023	Reacting gas mixture specific heat
Published	08/18/2023	Explain these plots and what the effect would be if you changed pressure?
Published	08/18/2023	Radiation fields are described by
Published	08/18/2023	How to find photon equilibrium distribution function
Published	08/18/2023	Explain this plot:
Published	08/18/2023	Gas kinetic pressure + requirements/assumptions and derivation steps
Published	08/18/2023	Kinetic theory translational energy
Published	08/18/2023	Diffusiona) energyb) momentumc) mass
Published	08/18/2023	Why does diffusion occur and what affects it?
Published	08/18/2023	What defines the sphere of influence for a molecule?
Published	08/18/2023	How does the speed of a molecule scale with temperature and mass?
Published	08/18/2023	How do you increase collision frequency? What about mean free path?
Published	08/18/2023	What is number density of air at STP?
Published	08/18/2023	At STP, what is the average spacing between molecules, approximate mean free path, and approximate collision frequency assuming the mean speed is abou…
Published	08/18/2023	What do you need to calculate the net flux of properties due to a gradient?
Published	08/18/2023	Heuristic model 1-way number flux
Published	08/18/2023	Net property flux for mass, momentum, and energy
Published	08/18/2023	How do diffusivities scale and what are the physical implicationsa) massb) momentumc) energy
Published	08/18/2023	Based on the heuristic model of diffusion, how coefficient of dynamic viscosity depend on pressure and temperature
Published	08/18/2023	For the heuristic model, what is the ratio of diffusivities for gasses?
Published	08/18/2023	How do diffusivity coefficients predicted by the heuristic model compare to experiments?
Published	08/18/2023	What is a good assumption for the mean speed of molecules at STP?
Published	08/18/2023	Mean value of a property/function dependent on some other property i.e., how do I find the mean _____ that depends on molecule's velocity
Published	08/18/2023	How do you find the number of gas molecules of a given "class" passing through dS per unit time (differential number flux)
Published	08/18/2023	Kinetic theory interpretion of normal stress
Status	Last Update	Fields