Notes in 14 Mycoplasma, Rickettsia, Ehrlichia

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma Representative Species: {{c1::Mycoplasma pneumoniaeMycoplasma hominisMycoplasma genitaliumUreaplasma urealyticum}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma lack a rigid cell wall, instead, it is bounded by {{c1::a triple-layered “unit membrane” containing a sterol}}
Published	07/30/2024	When staining Mycoplasma use a {{c1::Giemsa}} stain instead of gram stain
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma Culture Requirements:{{c1::Serum or ascitic fluidYeast extractGlucose, or urea37°C with 5-10% CO2::4}}Example media: {{c1::Heart infus…
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma Colony Morphology: {{c1::Round, with a granular surface, and a dark center typically buried in the agar (Fried egg appearance)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma can pass through filters with {{c1::450}}-nm pore size
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma is {{c1::a::ana/a}}erobic
Published	07/30/2024	The fried egg appearance is most prominent in Mycoplasma {{c1::hominis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma colonies retain the {{c1::blue}} color in {{c1::Dienes stain or Methylene Blue}} stain
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma Serology Tests:{{c1::Complement Fixation (CF) testsHemagglutination Inhibition (HF) testsIndirect immunofluorescence}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma pneumoniae Important Associated Diseases: {{c1::Atypical/Walking Pneumonia}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma pneumoniae Media: {{c1::Eaton's agar}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma pneumoniae takes {{c1::4 weeks::time frame}} to culture
Published	07/30/2024	Atypical/Walking Pneumonia Clinical Findings:{{c1::Nonproductive coughPatchy or diffuse infiltrates on X-rayNo bacteria on sputum smearNo response to …
Published	07/30/2024	Atypical/Walking Pneumonia usually affects px of age {{c1::5-20}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma attaches to host cells through {{c1::sialoglycoconjugates and sulfated glycolipids::2}}
Published	07/30/2024	The reason as to why Mycoplasma causes prolonged cough is because it causes {{c1::ciliostasis}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Hydrogen Peroxide}} - This virulence factor of Mycoplasma pneumoniae destroys respiratory epithelium and causes hemolytic anemia
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Mycoplasma penumoniae}} stimulates T and B cells to create Ig{{c2::M}} autoantibodies that reacts with antigen I of RBCs creating cold aggl…
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma pneumoniae & Mycoplasma genitalium DOC: {{c1::Macrolides (Erythromycin), Tetracyclines (Doxycycline), Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxac…
Published	07/30/2024	Why don't antibiotics always eradicate Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections?{{c1::Ability to reside intracellularly as well as extracellularly}}
Published	07/30/2024	Atypical/Walking Pneumoniae Complications:{{c1::Stevens-Johnson SyndromeTracheobronchitisAdult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)PericarditisMyocard…
Published	07/30/2024	Be careful when you see Atypical/Walking Pneumoniae in px w/ {{c1::sickle cell anemia or are geriatric. Could be fatal}}
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma hominis Important Associated Diseases:{{c1::Pyelonephritis (10%)SalpingitisTubo-ovarian abscess and vaginosis (uterine tract)Blood of post-…
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma genitalium Imporant Associated Diseases:{{c1::Acute non-gonococcal urethritisChronic non-gonococcal urethritisCervicitisEndometritisSa…
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma {{c1::genitalium}} has the smallest genome amongst Mycoplasma species
Published	07/30/2024	Mycoplasma genitalium Male Urethritis DOC: {{c1::azithromycin}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ureaplasma urealyticum Important Associated Diseases: {{c1::Non-gonococcal, nonchlamydial urethritis in men, Lung disease in premature low b…
Published	07/30/2024	Non-gonococcal, nonchlamydial urethritis causing Ureaplasma urealyticum is associated with biovar {{c1::2}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ureaplasma urealyticum requires {{c1::urea}} in media
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::L-Phase Variants (L-Forms)}} - Wall defective microbial forms that replicate serially as nonrigid cell colonies on solid media from spontan…
Published	07/30/2024	Protoplast L-Phase Variants (L-Forms) are gram ({{c1::+}})
Published	07/30/2024	Spheroplast L-Phase Variants (L-Forms) are gram ({{c1::-}})
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsia is an intracellular bacteria of {{c1::endothelial cells::Location in Humans}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsia MOT: {{c1::Tick bites}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsia Infection Clinical Findings:{{c1::FeverRashesVasculitisHepatosplenomegalyHeadacheMalaise::6}}
Published	07/30/2024	Q Fever Clinical Findings:Acute: {{c1::Fever, Headache, Pneumonia, NO RASHES (Resembles influenza, nonbacterial pneumonia, hepatitis, or encephal…
Published	07/30/2024	Ehrlichia Infection Clinical Findings:{{c1::FeverHeadacheMyalgia::3}}
Published	07/30/2024	When staining Rickettsia use a {{c1::Giemsa, Gimenez, or Acridine Orange}} stain instead of gram stain
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsia Slide Morphology: {{c1::Pleomorphic coccobacilli}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsia Media: {{c1::Yolk sac of embryonated eggs}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsia have a gram ({{c1::-}}) cell wall structure that includes peptidoglycan containing {{c1::muramic acid and diaminopimelic acid::2}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::OmpA and OmpB}} - Virulence factors of Rickettsia for adherence to host cells
Published	07/30/2024	When serotyping Rickettsia infections, we target the {{c1::OmpA and OmpB proteins}}
Published	07/30/2024	The Typhus group of Rickettsia grows in the {{c1::cytoplasm}}
Published	07/30/2024	The Spotted Fever group of Rickettsia grows in the {{c1::nucleus}}
Published	07/30/2024	The Coxiella group of Rickettsia grows in the {{c1::cytoplasm vacuole}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Sulfonamides::Antibiotic}} are contraindicated in treating Rickettsia infection
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Dried feces of infected lice}} may contain infectious Rickettsia {{c2::prowazekii}} for months at room temperature
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsia Infection Diagnosis:{{c1::Fever, Headache, Rash + Tick bite}}
Published	07/30/2024	What is the rold of serologic tests in diagnosing Rickettsia infections{{c1::Only useful to confirm the diagnosis. Serologic evidence of inf…
Published	07/30/2024	When detecting Rickettsia in tissue sections, use direct {{c1::immunoflorescence (DIF)::serologic test}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsia Location in Humans: {{c1::Endothelial cells of small blood vessels}}
Published	07/30/2024	How does Rickettsia cause vasculitis and rashes?{{c1::Rickettsia multiply in endothelial cells of small blood vessels & produce vasculit…
Published	07/30/2024	Are you fully immune to Rickettsia after infection?{{c1::No. Just partial immunity because they reside intracellularly}}
Published	07/30/2024	Typhus Group of Rickettsia have a centri{{c1::fugal::petal/fugal}} pattern of rash formation and {{c1::spares::spares/involves}} the palms a…
Published	07/30/2024	Spotted Fever Group of Rickettsia have a centri{{c1::petal::petal/fugal}} pattern of rash formation and {{c1::involves::spares/involves}} th…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Epidemic}} Typhus Etiology: {{c1::Rickettsia prowazekii}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Endemic}} Typhus Etiology: {{c1::Rickettsia typhi}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Scrub}} Typhus Etiology: {{c1::Orientia tsutsugamushi}}
Published	07/30/2024	The most severe type of Rickettsia typhus is {{c1::Epidemic}} Typhus
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsialpox Etiology: {{c1::Rickettsia akari}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsialpox Clinical Findings:{{c1::mild disease with vesicular rashes resembling VaricellaAppearance of firm red papules at the site of bite → ves…
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsial akari Vector: {{c1::Mite (Liponyssoides sanguineus)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsial akari Resevoir: {{c1::Mice}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Antibody Titer to C. burnetii1. Phase I2. Phase II{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Diagnosis:{{c1::Skin biopsy}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rickettsia Infection DOC: {{c1::Tetracyclines (Doxycycline), Chloramphenicol::2}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Brill-Zinsser Disease}} – Recrudescence of an old Rickettsial typhus infection
Published	07/30/2024	Geographical Distribution of Rickettsia Infections. Just read. {{c1::hi}}
Published	07/30/2024	Epidemic typhus is more common in {{c1::cool}} climates
Published	07/30/2024	Delousing will prevent {{c1::Epidemic Typhus::Rickettsial Infection}}
Published	07/30/2024	Rat Extermination will prevent {{c1::Murine Typhus, Scrub Typhus, and Rickettsialpox::Rickettsial Infection}}
Published	07/30/2024	Tick Extermination will prevent {{c1::Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever::Rickettsial Infection}}
Published	07/30/2024	Q Fever Prevention: {{c1::Flash Pasteurization of milk (71.5 ºC for 15 seconds)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ehrlichia chaffeensis Important Associated Diseases: {{c1::Human monocyte ehrlichiosis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ehrlichia ewingii Important Associated Diseases: {{c1::Human granulocyte ehrlichiosis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Anaplasma phagocytophilum Important Associated Diseases: {{c1::Human granulocyte anaplasmosis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Neorickettsia sennetsu Important Associated Diseases: {{c1::Human monocyte ehrlichiosis}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ehrlichia Vector: {{c1::Tick}}
Published	07/30/2024	Neorickettsia sennetsu Vector: {{c1::Trematode-infected fish}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ehrlichia are obligate intracellular bacteria of {{c1::leukocyte phagocytic vacuoles::Location in Humans}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ehrlichia is gram ({{c1::-}})
Published	07/30/2024	Ehrlichia Clinical Findings: {{c1::Generalized Symptoms: Chills, fever, headache, myalgia, nausea or vomiting, anorexia & weight lossCli…
Published	07/30/2024	Ehrlichia Diagnosis:{{c1::Confirmatory: Morulae in WBC or Indirect IFPCR: EDTA bloodCulture: using tissue cell lines}}
Published	07/30/2024	Ehrlichia DOC: {{c1::Tetracycline (Doxycycline), Rifamycin}}
Status	Last Update	Fields