Notes in 32 Transfusion

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Published	12/13/2023	The Holliday-Segar method of calculating maintenance fluid is done by:For the first {{c1::10}} kg of weight is {{c1::4}} mL/kg/hrFor the next {{c2::10…
Published	12/13/2023	Calculating the prexisting fluid deficit from fasting can be done by;({{c1::Normal Maintenance Rate}}) * ({{c1::Hours of fasting}})
Published	12/13/2023	Average blood volume in premature neonate is {{c1::95}} mL/kg.
Published	12/13/2023	Average blood volume in infants is {{c1::80}} mL/kg
Published	12/13/2023	What is the equation to calculate maximum allowable blood loss?{{c1::}}
Published	12/13/2023	The {{c2::antibody screen}} test is also known as the {{c1::indirect coombs}} test.
Published	12/13/2023	A {{c1::crossmatch (type & cross)}} test mimics the anticipated transfusion.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c2::AS-1}} or {{c2::AS-3}} can preserve blood for up to {{c1::6}} weeks.
Published	12/13/2023	Blood transfusion tubing should contain a {{c1::170}} micron filter to trap clots and debris.
Published	12/13/2023	Blood for intraoperative transfusion should be warmed to {{c1::37}}°C during transfusion.
Published	12/13/2023	Are platelet transfusions used for qualitative or quantitative platelet disorders?{{c1::Both}}
Published	12/13/2023	Platelet counts below {{c1::20,000}} may cause spontaneous bleeding.
Published	12/13/2023	Platelet counts < {{c1::50,000}} increase the risk for surgical bleeding.
Published	12/13/2023	In patients receiving multiple platelet transfusions, platelets should be {{c1::crossmatched}} in order to improve survival time.
Published	12/13/2023	Patients with a history of {{c2::febrile non-hemolytic reactions}} should only received transfusions that are {{c1::leukoreduced}}.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c2::Anaphylactic}} transfusion reactions typically occur in {{c1::IgA}}-deficient patients who receive {{c1::IgA}}-containing blood transfusions.&nb…
Published	12/13/2023	The most effective way of reducing graft-versus-host disease from a blood transfusion is {{c1::irradiation}}.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Blood salvage and reinfusion}} technique is where shed blood is collected, processed, and reinfused.
Published	12/13/2023	{{c1::Acute normovolemic hemodilution}} relies on the premise that if the concentration of RBCs is decreased, total red cell loss is reduced when larg…
Published	12/13/2023	Normal blood coagulation occurs with {{c1::30}}% of normal levels.
Published	12/13/2023	Platelets should not be administered through {{c1::(microaggregate) 40}} micron filters.
Published	12/13/2023	Acute hemolytic reactions can lead to acute kidney injury from {{c1::myoglobinuria}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Acute hemolytic reactions can cause oozing in the surgical field from the development of {{c1::DIC}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Patients with B-type blood cannot receive which blood types?{{c1::A}} and {{c1::AB}}
Published	12/13/2023	Patients with the A blood type cannot receive which blood types?{{c1::B}} and {{c1::AB}}
Published	12/13/2023	What intervention prevents the development of AKI in a acute hemolytic reaction?{{c5::Forced diuresis}}
Published	12/13/2023	What blood transfusion reaction presents with rash, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia?{{c1::Graft-Versus-Host Disease}}
Published	12/13/2023	In acute normovolemic hemodilution, the blood that is withdrawn can remain at room temperature for {{c1::6}} hours.
Published	12/13/2023	Autologous transfusions should only be done if the hematocrit is greater than {{c1::34}}% and the hemoglobin is greater than {{c1::11}} g/dL.
Published	12/13/2023	What antibodies do patients with Rh-positive blood have?{{c1::None}}
Published	12/13/2023	What antibodies do patients with O-type blood have?{{c1::anti-A and anti-B}}
Published	12/13/2023	What antibodies do patients with A-type blood have?{{c1::anti-B}}
Published	12/13/2023	What antibodies do patients with B-type blood have?{{c1::anti-A}}
Published	12/13/2023	What antibodies do patients with AB-type blood have?{{c1::none}}
Published	12/13/2023	Rh hemolytic disease of the newborn has the potential to occur when a Rh{{c1::-}} mother has a Rh{{c1::+}} fetus.
Published	12/13/2023	Rh- mothers must be treated during pregnancy with {{c1::anti-D Immunoglobulin (RhoGAM)}} to prevent {{c2::anti-D}} IgG formation
Published	12/13/2023	Duffy, Lewis, Kell, M, N, and P are all {{c1::RBC antigen systems}}.
Published	12/13/2023	In an acute hemorrhage, type-{{c1::specific}} uncrossmatched blood is preferred over O negative uncrossamtched blood.
Published	12/13/2023	What blood product is used in the treatment of C1 esterase deficiency (hereditary angioedema)?{{c1::Fresh frozen plasma}}
Published	12/13/2023	Cryoprecipitate infusions must be completed within {{c1::6}} hour(s) of thawing.
Published	12/13/2023	In patients with significant coronary artery disease, what lab marker is used to evaluate transfusion needs?{{c1::Hematocrit 28-30%}}
Published	12/13/2023	In the setting of acute blood loss, the hemoglobin concentration drops {{c1::after::before/after}} fluid resuscitation.
Published	12/13/2023	A unit of PRBCs has a hematocrit of approximately {{c1::70}}%.
Published	12/13/2023	Erythrocytes do not contain {{c1::mitochondria}}, so they are reliant on anaerobic metabolism to convert glucose to ATP.
Published	12/13/2023	The {{c1::phosphate}} in CPDA acts as a buffer.
Published	12/13/2023	The {{c1::dextrose}} in CPDA acts as the primary substrate for glycolysis.
Published	12/13/2023	Prolonged blood storage impairs the ability of RBC's to {{c1::change shape}}, leading to obstructions of capillary flow.
Published	12/13/2023	Does prolonged storage of RBCs lead to hemolysis?{{c1::Yes}}
Published	12/13/2023	What blood component processing technique reduces the risk of HLA alloimmunization?{{c1::Leukoreduction}}
Published	12/13/2023	What blood component processing technique prevents anaphylaxis in IgA deficient patients?{{c1::Washing}}
Published	12/13/2023	{{c2::Washing}} of blood products with saline removes {{c1::plasma}} in donor RBCs.
Published	12/13/2023	What blood component processing technique is beneficial in patients with DiGeorge syndrome?{{c1::Irradiation}}
Published	12/13/2023	In acute hemolytic reactions, free hemoglobin in the form of {{c1::acid hematin}} precipitate inside the renal tubules, resulting in {{c2::acute …
Published	12/13/2023	What drug can be given to prevent the precipitation of hemoglobin inside renal tubules in an acute hemolytic reaction?{{c1::Sodium bicarbonate}}
Published	12/13/2023	In acute hemolytic reactions, destruction of RBCs releases {{c1::erythrocyin}}, which activates the {{c2::intrinsic}} clotting cascade and can result …
Published	12/13/2023	The diagnosis of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) includes a normal {{c1::pulmonary artery occlusion pressure}}.
Published	12/13/2023	In neonates, administration of PRBCs can cause cardiac arrest due to {{c1::hyperkalemia}}.
Published	12/13/2023	What interventions reduces the risk of cardiac arrest after transfusion of a neonate?{{c2::Washed blood}} or {{c1::fresh cells less than seven days ol…
Published	12/13/2023	Massive transfusion can lead to {{c1::alkalosis::acidosis/alkalosis}} due to metabolism of {{c2::citrate}}.
Published	12/13/2023	Average blood volume in full term neonate is {{c1::85}} mL/kg.
Published	12/13/2023	How does prolonged blood storage affect 2,3 DPG?{{c1::Decreased 2,3 DPG}}
Published	12/13/2023	How does prolonged blood storage affect ATP?{{c1::Decreased ATP}}
Published	12/13/2023	How does prolonged blood storage affect pH?{{c1::Decreased pH (increased lactic acid)}}
Published	12/13/2023	How does prolonged blood storage affect potassium?{{c1::Increased K+}}
Published	12/13/2023	Acute hemolytic reactions can cause {{c1::hypotension}} due to production of {{c2::bradykinin}}.
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