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Unit 2: Neurons
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The central nervous system includes nervous tissue from the {{c1::brain}} and {{c2::spinal cord}}
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The peripheral nervous system includes both {{c1::cranial nerves}} and {{c2::spinal nerves}}
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The cranial nerves and spinal nerves of the PNS include both ... and ... nerves. The ... nerves include somatic and autonomic nerves
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Brain Anatomy
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What structure of the nervous system carries our core function of the nervous system
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...provides increases surface area for synaptic input
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Soma and perokaryon are another name for ....
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the ... ... supports the metabolic and synthetic needs of the neuron
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What part conducts an electrical signal, in the form of an action potential
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Axons can be .... or .....
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The segments within a myelinated axon are called .... segments
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.... .... is the location between the myelinated segments where the action potential is propogated
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Neurotransmitters are released at the ... ... allowing signals to be conveyed to the next target.
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Dendrites extend from the ... and provide .... for synaptic input
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What is the purpose of dendritic spines
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which have a larger diameter, dendrites or axons
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dendrites are bigger at the .... end and become smaller as they become more....
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Axons are .... processes that begin from the soma. The point where the axon originates from the soma is called the ...?
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What is the main function of an axon?
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Beginning from the dendrite go through the process of neural synapses.
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the communication between neurons is called the ...
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the synapse is the site of .... ... between a neuron and its target
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neurons use both ... and ... signals to communicate
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at the axon terminal, electrical signals ..... called neurotransmitters from the .... neuron.
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Synapse mediates information transfer between neurons..diagram
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In the .... .... (axon terminal) contains neurotransmitter in membrane-bound vesicles
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In the ... (dendrite, soma, axon, muscle) NT binds to receptors in postsynaptic membrane -> electrical signal in postsynaptic cell
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how many neurons does the human brain have
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A synapse in which an axon forms a synapse with a dendrite
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Synapse in which an axon forms a synapse with a cell body
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Synapse in which an axon forms a synapse with another axon and can have a large influence on actional potential
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A .... is a collection of a neuronal cell bodies within the PNS
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Within the CNS a collection of neuronal cell bodies
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A nerve is the collection of axons within the ....
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The ... is a collection of axons in the CNS
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What are the most common neurons
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What are the characteristics of multipolar neurons
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What kind of neurons have the axon bifurcating into two long branches, one peripheral brand and one central branch.
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In pseudounipolar neurons, both branches are .... axons and can .....
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The peripheral branch in pseudounipolar neurons responds to ...
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The central branch in pseudounipolar neurons enters the
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The soma of pseudounipolar neurons are located in the ... (eg. ...)
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What neurons are formed from two processes emerging from the soma (red cells).
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Bipolar neurons have ___ dendrites (receiving end) and ___ axon
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Morphologically, what type of neurons resides in the dorsal root ganglion
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what are the three cytoskeletal elements
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___ have the smallest diameter and actin filaments...provides structural support to the cell and maintains cell shape
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____ are intermediate filaments that are solid and small and provide structural support to the cell
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____ are the largest cytoskeletal elements
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Microtubules have a key role in _____ (shuffling elements from one place to another)
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What is the term used to describe movement of elements within the axon
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Axonal transport is an _______ that involves the movement of cellular elements ___ and ___ from the axon terminal along ____
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The movement of substances from soma to axon terminal (away from the cell)
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THe movement of substances from axon terminal to soma (towards soma)
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Why is axonal transport important?
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