Notes in 04-05 Trematodes

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	07/30/2024	Most common species of Blood flukes/trematodes are {{c1::Schistosoma japonicum, haematobium, and mansoni}}
Published	07/30/2024	Blood Trematodes are {{c1::di::mon/di}}oecious
Published	07/30/2024	Blood TrematodesIntermediate Host: {{c1::Snails}}Final Host: Man and mammals
Published	07/30/2024	Blood Trematodes DiagnosisAcute stage: {{c1::stool and urine}}Chronic stage: {{c1::rectal biopsy, ELISA, and COPT}}
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma {{c2::mansoni}} Ova Distinct Feature: {{c1::Lateral}} spine
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma {{c2::haematobium}} Ova Distinct Feature: {{c1::Terminal}} spine
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma {{c2::japonicum}} Ova Distinct Feature: {{c1::Rudimentary}} spine
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma japonicum Intermediate Host: {{c1::Oncomelania}}
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma mansoni Intermediate Host: {{c1::Biomphalaria}}
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma haematobium Intermediate Host: {{c1::Bulinus}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c3::Blood Trematodes}} Life Cycle{{c1::Fork-tailed cercaria::Infective Stage}} → Human/Final Host → {{c2::Schistosomula}} → Mature adults → Ova…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Ova}} are the diagnostic stage of blood trematodes
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Opisthorchis felineus and Opistorchis viverrini::2 Trematodes}} Distinct Features: Testes are located {{c2::post::post/ant}}eriorly (o…
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma japonicum Location in humans: {{c1::SMV of the SI}}
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma mansoni Location in humans: {{c1::IMV of the SI, colon, and rectum}}
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma haematobium Location in humans: {{c1::Vesical plexuses}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Schistosoma Acute Infection}} Clinical Findings:{{c2::Katayama Fever or Acute systemic schistosomiasis- Fever, chills, nausea, vo…
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma {{c1::Chronic::Acute/Chronic}} Infection Clinical Findings:{{c2::Granuloma → Fibrosis → Obstructive Symptoms (Obstructive uropat…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Circumoval Precipitin Test (COPT)}} - Diagnosis of blood trematodes based on patient serum precipitation with lyophilized eggs of Schistosoma or…
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Sensitivity to Schistosoma infection1. COPT and Elisa (Serology)2. Kato-Katz and Ultrasound (Morphology){{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	If you suspect katayama fever on a px, ask where they are from. What places from the PH may the px come from?{{c1::Mindoro, Agusan, Sorsogon, and Nort…
Published	07/30/2024	Blood Trematodes DOC: {{c1::Praziquantel}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c3::Liver, Intestine, and Lung Trematode}} Life Cycle{{c1::Miracidia::Infective Stage}} → Snail/1st Intermediate Host → {{c2::Sporocyst}} …
Published	07/30/2024	Liver, Intestine, and Lung Flukes are {{c1::h::non-h/h}}ermaphroditic
Published	07/30/2024	Most trematode eggs have a characteristic {{c1::hatch/lid called operculum}} except for {{c2::schistosomes (blood flukes)::trematode class}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Clonorchis, 2 Opisthorchis, and 2 Heterophyids::5 Trematodes}} MOT: {{c2::Ingestion of freshwater fish}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Dicrocoelium dendriticum::Trematode}} MOT: {{c2::Ingestion of ants}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::2 Fasciola, Fasciolopsis buski::3 Trematodes}} MOT: {{c2::Ingestion of aquatic plants (Kangkong, watercress)}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Paragonimus westermani::Trematode}} MOT: {{c2::Ingestion of crayfish and freshwater crabs (Sundathelphusa philippina)}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Echinostoma ilocanum::Trematode}} MOT: {{c2::Ingestion of snails}}
Published	07/30/2024	Clonorchis Sinensis Common Name: {{c1::Chinese/Oriental liver fluke}}
Published	07/30/2024	Clonorchis and 2 Opisthorchis Light Infections Clinical Findings:{{c1::Usually asymptomatic but it can have...GIT signs and Symptoms (Abdo p…
Published	07/30/2024	Clonorchis, 2 Opisthorchis, Dicrocoelium, 2 Heterophyids Diagnosis{{c1::Embryonated Egg recovery. Operculated}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Schistosome infections, Clonorchis, 2 Opisthorchis, Dicrocoelium, Fasciolopsis, Echinostoma, 2 Heterophyids, Paragonimu…
Published	07/30/2024	Opisthorchis felineus Common Name: {{c1::Cat Liver Fluke}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Egg width1. Clonorchis sinensis2. Opisthorchis felineus{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	If you suspect Opisthorchis viverrini on a px, ask where they are from. What places may the px come from?{{c1::Thailand and Laos: 80-90% rural, 5…
Published	07/30/2024	Opisthorchis viverrini Common Name: {{c1::Southeast Asian Liver Fluke}}
Published	07/30/2024	Dicrocoelium dendriticum Common Name: {{c1::Laceolate Fluke}}
Published	07/30/2024	Dicrocoelium dendriticum infection Clinical Findings:{{c1::Aysmptomatic to light infections in humanshyperplasia of biliary epithelium, periducta…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Clonorchis sinensis::Trematode}} Distinct Features: Testes are located {{c2::post::post/ant}}eriorly (oblique), and {{c2::branched::branche…
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Dicrocoelium dendriticum::Trematode}} Distinct Features: Testes are located {{c2::ant::post/ant}}eriorly (oblique), and {{c2::bilobed:…
Published	07/30/2024	Fasciola hepatica Common Name: {{c1::Common Liver Fluke or Sheep Liver Fluke}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Fasciola hepatica::Trematode}} Distinct Features: {{c1::Prominent cephalic cone on the anterior end}}
Published	07/30/2024	2 Fasciola Infection Clinical Findings:{{c1::Halzoun (pharyngeal Fasciola infection) when eating raw sheep liver w/ metacercaria producing local …
Published	07/30/2024	2 Fasciola DOC: {{c1::Bithionol}}
Published	07/30/2024	2 Fasciola, Fasciolopsis buski, Echinostoma ilocanum, Paragonimus westermani Diagnosis{{c1::Une::Une/E}}mbryonated Egg recovery. Operculated…
Published	07/30/2024	Fasciola gigantica Common Name: {{c1::Giant Liver Fluke}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c2::Fasciola gigantica::Trematode}} Distinct Features: {{c1::Prominent cephalic cone on the anterior end but less prominent shoulders comp…
Published	07/30/2024	Fasciolopsis buski Common Name: {{c1::Giant Intestinal Fluke}}
Published	07/30/2024	Echinostoma ilocanum MOT: {{c1::Ingestion of snails (Pila luzonica)}}
Published	07/30/2024	Echinostoma ilocanum Infection Clinical Findings{{c1::Asymptomatic in light infectionsInflammation, and mild ulceration, diarrhea, and abdo pain}…
Published	07/30/2024	2 Representative Heterophyids are {{c1::Heterophyes heterophyes and Metagonimus yokogawai}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Heterophyids}} are the smallest trematodes/flukes
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] Heterophyid Size1. Heterophyes heterophyes2. Metagonimus yokogawai{{c1::B}}
Published	07/30/2024	[QC] 3rd Sucker1. Heterophyes heterophyes2. Metagonimus yokogawai{{c1::A}}
Published	07/30/2024	Aside from Praziquantel, Heterophyids also use {{c1::Tetrachloroethylene}} to reduce the number of potentially infection larvae
Published	07/30/2024	Heterophyids Infection Clinical Findings{{c1::Asymptomatic in light infectionsInflammation, and mild ulceration, chronic intermittent diarrhea, a…
Published	07/30/2024	Paragonimus westermani Common Name: {{c1::Oriental Lung Fluke}}
Published	07/30/2024	{{c1::Paragonimus westermani::Trematode}} infection Clinical Findings:{{c2::Cannot be differentiated with pulmonary TB (Chest x-ray: Patchy infil…
Published	07/30/2024	What is one way to differentiate paragonimiasis with TB?{{c1::in tuberculosis, the granuloma forms in the oxygen-rich areas of the apices of the …
Published	07/30/2024	Aside from Praziquantel, extrapulmonary paragonimiasis also uses {{c1::corticosteroids}}
Published	07/30/2024	Schistosoma japonicum M Features: {{c1::Have a ventral infolding from the ventral sucker to the posterior end forming the gynecophoric canal}}
Status	Last Update	Fields