Notes in Synaptic Transmission Parts I & II

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	09/07/2023	Electrical synapses are connected by the proteins {{c1::connexons}} that allow ions to pass from cell to cell rapidly with accuracy
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Electrical}} synapses are useful when synchronization is needed
Published	09/07/2023	Chemical synapses are more/less {{c1::more}} common in the body than electrical synapses
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Published	09/07/2023	Chemical synapses are 4-5x {{c1::slower}} than electrical synapses
Published	09/07/2023	Chemical synapse is {{c1::unidirectional}} unlike the bidirectional electrical synapse
Published	09/07/2023	Chemical synapses are (strong/weak) {{c1::weak}} and (reliable/unreliable) {{c1::unreliable }}
Published	09/07/2023	If a {{c1::positive (cations in)}} current flows and the membrane is depolarized, voltage-gated {{c1::Na+}} channels will open and a postsynaptic po…
Published	09/07/2023	If a {{c1::negative,(i.e., anions in or cations out)}} current flows, then the membrane will be hyperpolarized and the postsynaptic membrane will be…
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Calcium}} in the presynaptic terminal is necessary and sufficient for an action potential to occur in the postsynaptic terminal
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Synaptotagmin}} binds calcium and acts as a calcium sensor in the presynaptic vesicle membrane to catalyze membrane fusion and release of neurot…
Published	09/07/2023	The {{c1::SNARE}} complex forms to pull membranes together
Published	09/07/2023	{{c1::Clathrin}} coats the vesicle membrane while {{c1::dynamin}} pinches it off  from the membrane
Published	09/07/2023	Botox (botulinum toxin) is a protease that cleaves the {{c1::SNARE complex}} to prevent vesicle fusion and therefore neurotransmission.
Published	09/07/2023	Electrical and chemical synapses can form (three ways- areas of the neuron) between {{c1::dendrites, cell bodies, and dendrites and cell bodies }…
Published	09/07/2023	Depolarization of the presynaptic membrane opens voltage-gated {{c1::Ca++}} channels
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