Notes in III.B. HIV

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Published	01/23/2025	Human Immunodeficiency VirusRetrovirus Classification: {{c1::Lentivirus}}
Published	01/23/2025	Which monkey species are linked to the origins of HIV-1?
Published	01/23/2025	The first recorded cases of HIV-2 involved {{c1::PCP (Pneumocystis carinii)::disease}} with {{c1::CMV::virus}}
Published	01/23/2025	HIVImportant Properties of Lentiviruses (Non-oncogenic Retroviruses)Virion: {{c1::Spherical::shape}}, {{c1::80-100::size}} nm in diameter, cylindrical…
Published	01/23/2025	HIVStatistics From 2012 to 2013, there was {{c1::411}}% increase in daily incidenceLate presentation in care remains a concern, with 29% of new c…
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Organization of the HIV genome 3 Major Genes● {{c1::gag}} - encodes for {{c2::p17, p24, and p7}}● {{c1::pol}} - encodes {{c2::reverse tr…
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Published	01/23/2025	Genes and Proteins of HIVTARGET: {{c1::CD4+}} T cellsCo-receptor on lymphocytes: {{c1::CXCR4 (T tropic)}}; {{c1::CCR5 (M tropic)}}Major capsid protein…
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Life Cycle {{c1::Binding}}{{c1::Fusion}}{{c1::Reverse transcription}} {{c1::Integration}} {{c1::Replication}} {{c1::Assembly}}…
Published	01/23/2025	Which stage of the HIV life cycle involves the conversion of HIV RNA into HIV DNA?a. Bindingb. Fusionc. Reverse Transcriptiond. Integration
Published	01/23/2025	At which stage of the HIV life cycle does the HIV envelope fuse with the CD4 cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter the cell?a. Bindingb. Fusionc.…
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Life Cycle {{c1::Binding (also called Attachment)}}: HIV binds (attaches itself) to receptors on the surface of a CD4 cell.
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Life Cycle {{c1::Fusion}}: The HIV envelope and the CD4 cell membrane fuse (join together), which allows HIV to enter the CD4 cell.
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Life Cycle {{c1::Reverse Transcription}}: Inside the CD4 cell, HIV releases and uses reverse transcriptase (an HIV enzyme) to convert its gen…
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Life Cycle {{c1::Replication}}: Once integrated into the CD4 cell DNA, HIV begins to use the machinery of the CD4 cell to make long chains of…
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Life Cycle {{c1::Assembly}}: New HIV proteins and HIV RNA move to the surface of the cell and assemble into immature (noninfectious) HIV.
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Life Cycle {{c1::Budding}}: Newly formed immature (noninfectious) HIV pushes itself out of the host CD4 cell. The new HIV releases protease (…
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Life Cycle {{c1::Integration}}: Inside the CD4 cell nucleus, HIV releases integrase (an HIV enzyme). HIV uses integrase to insert (integrate)…
Published	01/23/2025	Stages of HIV InfectionSTAGE 0First positive HIV test result within {{c1::6}} months after a negative HIV test result. The stage remains stage until 6…
Published	01/23/2025	Stages of HIV InfectionSTAGE 1, 2, and 3 Stage 1 - CD4 lymphocyte count of {{c1::≥500}} or a CD4 percentage of lymphocyte of {{c1::≥26}}Stage 2 -…
Published	01/23/2025	Phases of HIV Infection There is {{c1::4 to 11 day}} period between mucosal infection and initial viremia, the initial viremia is detectable for …
Published	01/23/2025	Phases of HIV Infection the earliest stage of HIV infection, and it generally develops within {{c1::2-4}} weeks after infection with HIV.
Published	01/23/2025	AIDS CD4 count of less than {{c1::200 cells/mm3}} or if they have certain opportunistic infections
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Transmission{{c1::Inoculation in blood}}{{c1::Sexual transmission}}{{c1::Perinatal transmission}}
Published	01/23/2025	HIV DiagnosticsInitial screening test: {{c1::ELISA Agglutination Test}}Confirmatory test: {{c1::Western Blot Immunofluorescence Test}}
Published	01/23/2025	HIV Treatment No cure for HIV HIV medications (Antiretroviral therapy)Combination Therapy:2 {{c1::Nucleoside/-tide ReverseTranscriptase Inhi…
Published	01/23/2025	HIV and Vaccines{{c1::Recombinant viral proteins}} are likely candidatesEspecially those of envelope glycoproteins{{c1::VIR-1388}}Instruct immune…
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