Notes in Neck

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Status	Last Update	Fields
Published	11/11/2024	Posterior Triangle
Published	11/15/2024	Posterior Triangle
Published	11/04/2024	Posterior Triangle
Published	11/21/2024	Posterior Triangle
Published	10/30/2024	Cervical Plexus (C1-C4)
Published	11/04/2024	Neck skeleton includes:- {{c1::Cervical vertebrae}}- {{c1::Hyoid bone}}- {{c1::Manubrium (sternum)}}- {{c1::Clavicles}}
Published	11/16/2024	Cervical viscera layers (organs) superficial to deep:{{c1::Endocrine}} layer{{c1::Respiratory}} layer{{c1::Alimentary}} layer
Published	11/04/2024	Endocrine layer contents{{c1::thyroid glands}}{{c1::parathyroid glands}}
Published	11/04/2024	Respiratory layer contents{{c1::Larynx}}{{c1::Trachea}}
Published	11/04/2024	Alimentary layer contents{{c1::Pharynx}}{{c1::Esophagus}}
Published	11/04/2024	Thyroid gland is at {{c1::C5-T1}} spinal levels
Published	11/05/2024	The thyroid gland has 2 primary lobes and potentially one remnant lobe including {{c1::left}} lobe, {{c1::pyramidal}} lobe, and {{c1::r…
Published	11/04/2024	The parathyroid glands are {{c1::oval}} shaped and on the {{c1::medial::medial/lateral}} half of the {{c1::posterior::anterior/posterio…
Published	11/16/2024	Larynx and trachea main functions:Routing {{c1::air}} into the respiratory tractRouting {{c1::food}} into the esophagusKeeping airway {{c1::…
Published	11/04/2024	Larynx is located in the {{c1::anterior::anterior/posterior}} neck at {{c1::C3-C6}} spinal levels
Published	11/04/2024	Larynx connects from {{c1::pharynx}} to {{c1::trachea}}
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::thyroid}} cartilage connects to the {{c1::hyoid}} bone via {{c2::thyrohyoid membrane}}
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::thyroid}} cartilage connects to the {{c1::cricoid}} cartilage via {{c2::cricothyroid membrane}}
Published	11/04/2024	The larynx connects to the trachea at {{c1::C6}} spinal level
Published	11/04/2024	The trachea is at {{c1::C6-T5}} spinal levels
Published	11/04/2024	The brachiocephalic trunk is on the {{c1::right::left/right}} side of the trachea
Published	11/12/2024	Tracheal trauma often affects the closely posteriorly adhered {{c1::esophagus}}
Published	11/04/2024	The pharynx is the superior expanded part of the {{c1::alimentary (digestive)}} system
Published	11/21/2024	The pharynx is from the {{c1::skull base}} to the {{c1::inferior}} border of the {{c1::cricoid}} cartilage
Published	11/04/2024	The pharynx is widest at the {{c1::hyoid bone}} at approximately {{c2::5}} centimeters
Published	11/04/2024	The pharynx is narrowest at the {{c1::cricoid cartilage}} at approximately {{c2::1.5}} centimeters
Published	11/04/2024	The narrowing of the pharynx is produced by the {{c1::cricopharyngeus}} muscle
Published	11/04/2024	The cervical esophagus bends to the {{c1::left::left/right}} as it enters the superior mediastinum via the {{c1::superior thoracic}} apertur…
Published	11/04/2024	To test the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM), the head is turned to the {{c1::contralateral::ipsilateral/contralateral}} side against resistanceThis i…
Published	11/04/2024	To test the trapezius muscle, patients {{c1::elevate::action}} their {{c1::shoulders}} against resistanceThis is done by pushing your hand agains…
Published	11/04/2024	{{c1::Suprahyoid}} muscles attach from above the hyoid bone{{c1::Infrahyoid}} muscles attach from below the hyoid bone
Published	11/04/2024	Suprahyoid muscles include:{{c1::Mylohyoid}} muscles{{c1::Geniohyoid}} muscles{{c1::Stylohyoid}} muscles{{c1::Digastric (anterior belly and posterior …
Published	11/04/2024	Infrahyoid muscles include:{{c1::Thyrohyoid::deep}} muscle{{c1::Omohyoid::superficial}} muscle{{c1::Sternohyoid::superficial}} muscle{{c1::Sternothyro…
Published	11/04/2024	The thyroid gland lies deep to the {{c1::sternothyroid}} muscle and {{c1::sternohyoid}} muscle
Published	11/16/2024	Digastric musclesOrigin: {{c1::digastric fossa (anterior belly)}}, {{c1::hyoid (intermediate tendon)}}, and {{c1::mastoid notch (posterior b…
Published	11/16/2024	Suprahyoid musclesCommon function:Form {{c1::bottom of the mouth::portion of structure}}{{c2::Elevates::action}} the {{c2::hyoid bone}} during {{c2::s…
Published	11/05/2024	Stylohyoid musclesOrigin: {{c1::temporal styloid process}}Insertion: {{c1::hyoid bone}}Innervation: {{c2::facial (CN VII)}} nerve
Published	11/18/2024	Mylohyoid musclesOrigin: {{c1::Mylohyoid line (mandible)}}Insertion: {{c1::Hyoid}}Innervation: {{c2::nerve to mylohyoid}} nerve branch …
Published	11/04/2024	Geniohyoid musclesOrigin: {{c1::Inferior mental spine (genial tubercle)}}Insertion: {{c1::Hyoid}}Innervation: {{c2::C1 spinal (nerve to…
Published	11/05/2024	Sternohyoid musclesOrigin: {{c1::Manubrium (sternum)}}Insertion: {{c1::Hyoid}}Innervation: {{c2::Ansa cervicalis}} nerve
Published	11/15/2024	Omohyoid musclesOrigin: {{c1::Hyoid (superior)}}  and {{c1::Scapula (inferior)}}Insertion: {{c1::intermediate tendon}} which attac…
Published	11/04/2024	Sternothyroid musclesOrigin: {{c1::Manubrium (sternum)}}Insertion: {{c1::oblique line of thyroid cartilage}}Innervation: {{c2::Ansa cervical…
Published	11/04/2024	Thyrohyoid musclesOrigin: {{c1::oblique line of thyroid cartilage}}Insertion: {{c1::Hyoid}}Innervation: {{c2::C1 spinal (nerve to thyro…
Published	11/05/2024	Prevertebral muscles include{{c1::Anterior scalene}} muscle{{c1::Middle scalene}} muscle{{c1::Posterior scalene}} muscle{{c2::Longus colli}} muscle{{c…
Published	11/04/2024	Anterior scalene musclesOrigin: {{c1::Transverse process of cervical vertebrae}}Insertion: {{c1::1st rib}}Innervation: {{c2::branches o…
Published	11/04/2024	Middle scalene musclesOrigin: {{c1::Transverse process of cervical vertebrae}}Insertion: {{c1::1st rib}}Innervation: {{c2::branches of cervi…
Published	11/04/2024	Posterior scalene musclesOrigin: {{c1::Transverse process of cervical vertebrae}}Insertion: {{c1::2nd rib}}Innervation: {{c2::branches of ce…
Published	11/04/2024	Scalene musclesCommon function: {{c1::neck flexion}} and {{c1::accessory respiration}}
Published	11/04/2024	Cervical fascia types include:{{c1::Superficial cervical}} fascia{{c1::Deep cervical}} fascia{{c2::Investing}} fascia{{c2::Pretracheal}} fascia{{c2::P…
Published	11/05/2024	Carotid sheath is formed by {{c1::deep cervical}} fascia and contains:{{c2::Common carotid}} artery{{c2::internal carotid}} artery{{c2::Internal …
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::investing}} layer of deep cervical fascia contains {{c2::trapezius}} muscle and {{c2::sternocleidomastoid}} muscle
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::investing}} layer of deep cervical fascia is deep to {{c2::skin}} and {{c2::subcutaneous tissue}}
Published	11/05/2024	Investing layer of deep cervical fascia attachmentsSuperior:{{c1::Zygomatic arch (cheek bone)}}{{c1::Skull base}}{{c1::Mandible}}{{c1::Hyoid bone}}{{c…
Published	11/04/2024	{{c2::Investing}} layer of deep cervical fascia encloses the {{c1::submandibular}} gland just inferior to the mandible
Published	11/04/2024	{{c2::Pretracheal}} layer of deep cervical fascia fuses with {{c1::fibrous pericardium}} inferiorly in the thorax
Published	11/04/2024	The muscular part of pretracheal layer of deep cervical fascia encloses the {{c2::infrahyoid}} muscles
Published	11/04/2024	The visceral part of pretracheal layer of deep cervical fascia encloses the {{c1::thyroid gland}}, {{c1::parathyroid gland}}, {{c1::trachea}…
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c2::visceral}} part of pretracheal layer of deep cervical fascia is continuous {{c2::posteriorly::direction}} and {{c2::superiorly::direction}} …
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c2::visceral::muscular/visceral}} part of pretracheal layer of deep cervical fascia is continuous {{c2::laterally::direction}} with {{c1::caroti…
Published	11/06/2024	Infection between {{c2::cervical investing}} fascia and {{c2::muscular pretracheal}} fascia spreads inferiorly to {{c1::manubrium (sternum)}}
Published	11/05/2024	Infection between {{c2::cervical investing}} fascia and {{c2::visceral pretracheal}} fascia spreads inferiorly to {{c1::thoracic cavity (anterior…
Published	11/04/2024	Thickening of {{c1::pretracheal}} fascia forms a pulley superiorly attached to the hyoid through which the intermediate tendon of the {{c2::digas…
Published	11/04/2024	Thickening of {{c1::pretracheal}} fascia forms a pulley superiorly attached to the clavicle through which the intermediate tendon of the {{c2::om…
Published	11/04/2024	{{c2::Prevertebral}} layer of deep cervical fascia fuses with {{c1::endothoracic}} fascia inferiorly in the thorax
Published	11/04/2024	{{c2::Prevertebral}} layer of deep cervical fascia extends laterally forming {{c1::axillary sheath}} fascia
Published	11/06/2024	Abcess posterior to {{c1::prevertebral}} layer of deep cervical fascia may extend laterally and form a swelling posterior to {{c2::sternocleidoma…
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::retropharyngeal}} space is the largest and most important space in the neck
Published	11/04/2024	{{c2::Retropharyngeal}} spaceFunction: permits movement of the {{c1::pharynx}}, {{c1::esophagus}}, {{c1::larynx}}, and {{c1::trach…
Published	11/16/2024	Prevertebral layer of deep cervical fascia fuses with {{c1::skull base}} superiorly
Published	11/04/2024	Retropharyngeal space boundariesSuperior: {{c1::Cranial base}}Inferior: {{c1::Superior thoracic aperture}}Lateral: {{c2::Carotid sheath…
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::alar}} fascia subdivides the {{c2::retropharyngeal}} space
Published	11/04/2024	The alar fascia is attached midline along the {{c1::buccopharyngeal}} fascia from {{c1::cranial base::bony structure}} to {{c1::C7}} spinal level…
Published	11/04/2024	Subclavian artery supplies blood to:{{c1::Upper limb::body region}}{{c1::Neck::body region}}{{c1::Brain::organ}}
Published	11/04/2024	Subclavian artery passes {{c1::posterior::direction}} to the {{c2::anterior scalene}} muscle
Published	11/04/2024	Subclavian artery is divided into {{c1::3::#}} parts relative to {{c1::anterior scalene}} muscle:- 1st part is {{c2::medial::direction}…
Published	11/04/2024	Subclavian artery 1st part branches:{{c1::Vertebral}} artery{{c1::Internal thoracic}} artery{{c1::Thyrocervical trunk}} artery{{c2::Inferior thyroid}}…
Published	11/05/2024	Subclavian artery 2nd part branches:{{c1::Costocervical trunk}} artery{{c2::Supreme intercostal}} artery{{c2::Deep cervical}} artery
Published	11/04/2024	Subclavian artery 3rd part branches:{{c1::Dorsal scapular}} artery
Published	11/04/2024	Common carotid artery branches:{{c1::External carotid}} artery{{c1::Internal carotid}} artery
Published	11/04/2024	Common carotid bifurcates at {{c1::C4}} spinal level which is the same level as the {{c2::superior::superior/inferior}} border of the {{c2::thyro…
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::internal}} carotid artery has no branches in the neck
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c2::carotid sinus}} is a {{c1::proximal::proximal/distal}} dilation of the {{c1::internal carotid}} artery that acts as a {{c1::baro}}…
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c2::carotid body}} is a mass of tissue between the {{c1::external carotid}} artery and {{c1::internal carotid}} artery that acts as a&…
Published	11/04/2024	Upon low oxygen, carotid body initiates a reflex causing increased:{{c1::rate of respiration}}{{c1::depth of respiration}}{{c2::cardiac rate}}{{c2::bl…
Published	11/12/2024	External carotid artery branches{{c1::Superior thyroid}} artery{{c1::Lingual}} artery{{c1::Facial}} artery{{c2::Maxillary}} artery{{c2::Superficial te…
Published	11/04/2024	{{c1::Superficial}} fascia, {{c1::investing}} fascia, {{c1::muscular pretracheal}} fascia, and {{c1::visceral pretracheal}} fascia must be incised to …
Published	11/04/2024	{{c1::superficial}} fascia, {{c1::Investing}} fascia, {{c1::carotid sheath}} fascia, and {{c1::visceral pretracheal}} fascia must be incised to reach …
Published	11/04/2024	The isthmus of the thyroid gland is at {{c1::C7}} spinal level
Published	11/04/2024	This transverse ultrasound of the neck is at {{c1::C7}} spinal level
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::investing}} layer of deep cervical fascia helps prevent the spread of abscesses (purulent infections) caused by tissue destruction
Published	11/11/2024	Suprascapular arteryDirection: {{c1::inferior::direction}} and {{c1::lateral::direction}}Course:First, anteriorly crosses the {{c1::anterior…
Published	11/04/2024	Superficial cervical artery (branch of transverse cervical artery)Course:First, anterior to {{c1::phrenic}} nerve and {{c1::anterior scalene…
Published	11/09/2024	Dorsal scapular artery variable branching coursesDorsal scapular artery as a subclavian artery branch course:First, {{c1::lateral::direction}} to {{c1…
Published	11/04/2024	The subclavian artery is {{c1::posterior::direction}} and {{c1::superior::direction}} to the subclavian vein
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::third}} part of the {{c1::subclavian}} artery lies on the {{c2::1st rib::bone}} where it's pulsation can be felt through the …
Published	11/04/2024	To control bleeding in the {{c1::upper limb}}, one may choose to compress the {{c2::subclavian}} artery against the {{c2::1st rib::bone}}
Published	11/12/2024	The {{c1::posterior belly of the digastric}} muscle is used to to identify:{{c2::Spinal accessory (CN XI)}} nerve{{c2::Hypoglossal (CN XII)}} nerve{{c…
Published	11/04/2024	Internal jugular vein starts at the {{c1::jugular foramen::bony structure}}
Published	11/04/2024	External jugular veins is formed by:{{c1::Posterior retromandiublar}} veins{{c1::Posterior auricular}} veins
Published	11/04/2024	Internal jugular vein branches{{c1::Common facial}} veins{{c2::Facial}} veins{{c2::Lingual}} veins{{c1::Superior thyroid}} veins{{c1::Middle thyroid}}…
Published	11/06/2024	Primary neck veins (not including their tributaries) include:{{c1::External jugular}} veins{{c1::Anterior jugular}} veins{{c1::Internal jugular}} vein…
Published	11/12/2024	The external jugular vein begins near the {{c1::angle (mandible)::bony structure}} by the union of {{c1::posterior retromandibular}} vein an…
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c1::external jugular}} vein gives rise to the anterior jugular vein in the anterior neck
Published	11/04/2024	External jugular vein drains blood into the {{c1::subclavian}} vein
Published	11/05/2024	External jugular vein drains blood from {{c1::scalp (most)}} and {{c1::lateral face}}
Published	11/04/2024	External jugular vein is superficial to {{c1::sternocleidomastoid}} muscle and deep to {{c1::platysma}} muscle
Published	11/04/2024	Internal jugular vein drains blood from {{c1::brain::organ}}, {{c1::anterior face::portion of body region}}, {{c1::cervical viscera::st…
Published	11/04/2024	Internal jugular vein is the continuation of the {{c1::sigmoid sinus}} vein
Published	11/04/2024	Internal jugular vein descends in {{c1::carotid sheath}} fascia with {{c1::vagus}} nerve and {{c1::internal carotid}} artery or {{…
Published	11/04/2024	Carotid sheath contentsMedial: {{c1::internal carotid artery}} or {{c1::common carotid artery}} Lateral: {{c1::internal jugular ve…
Published	11/14/2024	Anterior triangle boundariesAnterior: {{c1::midline of neck}}Posterior: {{c1::anterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle}}Superior (Base): {{c…
Published	11/04/2024	Anterior triangle subdivisions{{c1::Submental}} triangle{{c1::(Left and right) Submandibular}} triangles{{c1::(Left and right) Carotid}} triangles{{c1…
Published	11/04/2024	Submental triangle boundariesLateral: {{c1::Digastric (anterior belly) muscles}}Superior (apex): {{c1::mental symphysis}}Inferior (base):&nb…
Published	11/04/2024	Submental triangle contents:- {{c1::Submental}} lymph nodes- {{c1::Anterior jugular vein tributary (small veins)}} veins
Published	11/04/2024	Submandiublar triangle boundariesAnterior: {{c1::anterior belly of digastric}}Posterior: {{c1::posterior belly of digastric}}Superior (base)…
Published	11/18/2024	Submandibular triangle contents{{c1::Submandibular}} gland{{c1::Submandibular}} lymph nodes{{c2::Nerve to mylohyoid (CN V3)}} nerve{{c2::Marginal mand…
Published	11/04/2024	CN XII (hypoglossal nerve) submandibular triangle course:- Enters {{c2::deep}} to {{c1::digastric}} tendon- Exits {{c2::deep}} to {{c1::mylohyoid}} mu…
Published	11/04/2024	Nerve to mylohyoid (CN {{c2::V3}}) nerveInnervation: {{c1::Anterior belly of digastric}} muscle and {{c1::mylohyoid}} muscleBranches from:&n…
Published	11/15/2024	Facial vein travels {{c1::superficial::superficial/deep}} to submandibular gland
Published	11/12/2024	Facial artery travels {{c1::deep::superficial/deep}} to submandibular gland
Published	11/04/2024	Carotid triangle boundariesSuperior: {{c1::posterior belly of digastric}}Anterior: {{c1::superior belly of omohyoid}}Posterior (base): …
Published	11/05/2024	Carotid triangle vasculature contents:{{c1::External carotid}} artery{{c2::Superior thyroid}} artery{{c2::Superior laryngeal}} artery{{c1::Internal ca…
Published	11/04/2024	carotid triangle is deep to {{c1:: anterior carotid sheath}} fascia and {{c1::ansa cervicalis}} nerve
Published	11/18/2024	Carotid triangle nerve contents:{{c1::Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)}} nerve{{c3::carotid sinus/body}} nerve{{c1::Vagus CN (X)}} nerve{{c2::pharyngeal}} ner…
Published	11/04/2024	Transverse cervical nerveSensory innervation: {{c1::anterior cervical neck region}}
Published	11/18/2024	Hypoglossal (CN XII) nerve course in carotid triangleExits cranial cavity through {{c1::hypoglossal canal::bony structure}} and enters carotid triangl…
Published	11/04/2024	{{c2::C1}} spinal nerve fibers coursing with hypoglossal nerve in carotid triangle form:{{c1::superior root of the ansa cervicalis}} nerve{{c1::nerve …
Published	11/04/2024	{{c2::C2-C3}} spinal nerve fibers coursing in carotid triangle form:{{c1::inferior root of the ansa cervicalis}} nerve
Published	11/06/2024	The {{c3::ansa cervicalis}} nerves usually lie on or are embedded in {{c1::anterior::direction}} {{c1::lateral::direction}} aspect of t…
Published	11/16/2024	glossopharyngeal (CN IX) nerve course in carotid triangle:Enters from skull base via {{c1::jugular foramen::bony structure}}Passes between {…
Published	11/18/2024	Vagus (CN X) nerve course in carotid triangle:Enters posterior to {{c1::internal carotid}} artery and {{c1::internal jugular}} veinBranches into:{{c2:…
Published	11/04/2024	Muscular triangle is bounded by:Superolateral: {{c1::superior belly of omohyoid muscle}}Inferolateral: {{c1::anterior border of sternocleidomasto…
Published	11/16/2024	Muscular triangle non-neurovasculature contents{{c1::Infrahyoid}} muscles{{c1::Larynx}}{{c2::Thyrohyoid}} membrane{{c2::Thyroid cartilage}}{{c2::Crico…
Published	11/18/2024	Muscular triangle neurovasculature contents:{{c1::Anterior jugular}} vein{{c1::Middle thyroid}} vein{{c1::Muscular branches of ansa cervicalis}} nerve…
Published	11/04/2024	The {{c2::inferior}} belly of the {{c2::omohyoid}} splits the {{c2::posterior}} triangle into: {{c1::Occipital}} triangle{{c1::Omoclavicular (sub…
Published	11/04/2024	Posterior triangle lymphatic contents{{c1::Accessory}} lymph nodes{{c1::Inferior deep}} lymph nodes{{c1::Transverse cervical}} lymph nodes
Published	11/04/2024	Tracheostomy and thyroidectomy both access the {{c1::anterior}} triangle
Published	11/04/2024	Tracheostomy and thyroidectomy can easily injure the {{c1::superior thyroid}} artery
Published	11/08/2024	{{c2::deep cervical}} lymph nodes run along the {{c1::internal jugular}} vein and along the {{c1::carotid sheath}} fascia
Status	Last Update	Fields